3. 3 Different Muscle Types:
• (1) Skeletal Muscle
– Attaches to and moves bones
– Striated (striped) – alternating light and
dark bands
– Multiple nuclei in each cell
– Under brain’s conscious control
• Example: biceps, triceps
4. • (2) Smooth muscle
– Spindle-shaped cells
– One nucleus per cell
– No striations
– Controls breathing, digestion
5. • (3) Cardiac muscle
– Striated
– Cells smaller than striated muscle
– 1 or 2 nuclei per cell
– Branching fibers
– Found only in the heart
– Never gets tired
6.
7. Muscle functionS
• Voluntary muscle
– Contracts (moves) only when you want it
to
– Moves bones of the skeleton
– Examples: biceps, triceps, abdominals
• Involuntary muscle
– Contracts (moves) on its own
– Involuntary movements
– Examples: cardiac, stomach, intestinal
wall
8. What connects our bones and our
muscles???
• Tendons
– Connect skeletal muscle to bone
– Ex. Achilles Tendon – connects gastrocnemius
(calf) to heel bone
• Ligaments
– Connect bone to bone
– Ex. ACL – Anterior Cruciate Ligament
connects femur to fibula
“Little brown bear; three blind mice”
9. Malfunctions:
• Strain
– Damage to muscle or tendon due to heavy
lifting, sports, or work
– Bleeding, bruising, pain
• Sprain
– Injury in joint
– Ligament stretched beyond capacity
– Torn ligaments require surgical repair
10. Malfunctions:
• Tendonitis
– Inflammation of tendon from overuse
– Common in limbs
– Aches, pain, stiffness
– Requires rest
• “Pulled hamstring”
– Strained hamstring muscle (back of thighs)
– Prevention: routine stretching to increase
flexibility; exercise for balance, muscle tone
