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MLT LECTURES BY TANVEER TARA, profile picture
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03 qualitative abnormalities of neutrophil

This document discusses several qualitative abnormalities of neutrophils including Alder's anomaly, Chediak-Higashi anomaly, myeloperoxidase deficiency, eosinophilia, basophilia, and monocytosis. Alder's anomaly is a rare genetic disorder involving enzyme deficiencies that can cause large purplish granules to form in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. Chediak-Higashi anomaly is also a rare genetic disorder where neutrophils have abnormal granule fusion resulting in ineffective microbial killing and symptoms like skin depigmentation. Myeloperoxidase deficiency is a benign genetic disorder where neutrophils lack the enzyme myeloperoxidase needed for microbial killing.

Education◦
NCS University System A Project of NCS Education System Tanveer Tara Senior Lecturer Bachelor of Science in MLT Masters of Science in Hematology
Qualitative abnormalities of Neutrophil Functional Abnormalities are always inherited. Severe infection. Delay wound healing Anti biotic Resistant Sepsi
Alders Reilly Anomaly • Alder anomaly is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which the basic defect involves in mucopolysaccharides due to various enzymes deficiencies. • May expressed in all cell cell types, • Large purplish granules may occur in clusters, rather than diffusely, throughout the cytoplasm as in toxic granulation. These inclusions may be seen in the bone marrow more frequently than in peripheral blood.
Alders Anomaly
Chediak Higashi ANOMALY • Rare autosomal recessive. • Death usally occours in infancy or childhood. • Giant grey green peroxidase positive bodies are found in cytoplasm. • Nuioutrophil: Abnormal fusion of granules. • Abnormal cells are ineffective in killing micro- organism.
Chediak Higashi ANOMALY • Patient have skin hypopegmintation,silver hairs and photophobia. • Lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly.
MPO Deficiency Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a human enzyme in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils and in the lysosomes of monocytes. Its major role is to microbial killing. Benign Autosomal Recessive inherited disorder Absence of MPO . The presence of myeloperoxidase (MPO) can be determined using numerous techniques, including histochemical staining, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry.
Eosinophilia • Eosinophilia is a condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds (450/µL). Eosinophils usually account for less than 7% of the circulating leukocytes. • Eosinopenia is a form of agranulocytosis where the number of eosinophil granulocytes is lower than expected. Leukocytosis with eosinopenia can be a predictor of bacterial infection.
Basophilia • Basophilia is a condition where the basophil quantity is abnormally elevated (more than 0.15X109 /Lbasophils per liter of blood).Basophilia is associated with Pruritis (itching) due to the basophils release of histamine. • Basophilopenia: Very Rare . • CAUSES:CML .
STUDENT Assignment • Causes of Leucocytosis and leucopenia . • Tabulated difference between PH,DHOLEE ,TOXIC GRANULATION. • TABULATED DIFFERENCE IN CH, MPO,AA • Normal values of Wbc full counts .
MONOCYTOSIS. • Monocytosis is increase number of monocytes .Usally in recovery stage of acute infection. • Sub Acute bacterial Endocarditis: Phagoytosis of other blood cells. • Mycotic • Ricketsial • Protozonal • Parsitic infections
Monocytopenia • A decrease in circulating monocytes below the lower refrence value . Hairy cell leukemia Gluccortecosteriods therapy