1) Characterisation is the process of creating believable characters in a story through direct or indirect means. Direct characterisation tells the audience about the character, while indirect shows the character through their actions, speech, thoughts, and appearance. 2) The document provides examples of indirect characterisation, such as a description of a crying boy and a well-dressed man. It also discusses using appearance to indirectly characterise a character rather than directly stating their occupation. 3) Students are tasked with creating a newspaper article reporting on a signalman's encounter with a ghost. They are to indirectly characterise both the signalman and ghost through descriptions of their experience and appearance.