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Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Children
Cerebral palsy can vary in severity being either very mild or very severe, it can also impact children differently, meaning it can impact or involve
one side of the body or both sides of the body (national library of medicine, 2016). The children diagnosed with CP can have little to no limitations or
many depending on the level, type and severity (national library of medicine, 2016). Some children can walk with little to no assistance however, other
children may not be able to walk at all or with a lot of assistance (national library of medicine, 2016). Also, depending on the severity some children can
communicate verbally independently and others require communication devices to communicate daily (Chiarello, Palisano, Orlin, Chang, Begnoche &
An, 2012).
Since, cerebral palsy is such a complex condition characterized by wide variation of motor functions, children with CP may often have several
limitations in the following areas; sensation, perception, cognition, communication, behavior, as well as other health conditions that may influence
their activity and participation in daily living skills, school, movement as well as communication (Chiarello & Palisano, 2012). Children with cerebral
palsy will likely show signs of physical impairment however, the type of movement dysfunction, the location, and a number of limbs involved, as well
as the extent of impairment, will vary from one individual to another (national library of medicine, 2016).
As previously mentioned, cerebral
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Symptoms And Treatment Of Cerebral Palsy
Words like incurable, permanent, handicap, and special needs may make cerebral palsy seem like some big, scary disease, but with modern
treatments and surgeries, the disorder can be made extremely manageable. Cerebral palsy is a blanket term for impaired or loss of motor function due
to damage to an immature brain (Cerebral Palsy). The injury must occur before, during, or immediately after birth to be considered cerebral palsy.
Evidence suggests that most of the damage occurs during prenatal development (Bunch 33). Cerebral palsy–causing injuries can only happen to
immature brains (Bunch 32).
While every case of cerebral palsy is unique, some common causes are the prenatal disturbance of brain cell migration, which is where genetic and ...
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Cerebral palsy can also cause pain, discomfort, emotional distress, increased dependency, and decreased independence. Cerebral palsy also affects
body movement, reflexes, posture, balance, and muscle control, tone, and coordination. The disease can impact fine motor skills, gross motor skills,
and oral motor functioning (Cerebral Palsy). Children with cerebral palsy may be slow in learning to walk or talk (Bunch 34). Because of all of this,
people with cerebral palsy have trouble with speaking, eating, moving, learning, and controlling eye movements (Eurostemcell).
One of the most common side effects of cerebral palsy is spasticity. Spasticity causes increased muscle tone and tension. Some effects of spasticity are
inhibition of movement, muscle growth, and protein synthesis, limited stretching of muscles in daily activities, muscle and joint deformities (Cerebral
Palsy). If left alone, severe spasticity can lead to permanently stiff muscles (Bunch 32). Approximately 80 out of 100 patients with cerebral palsy have
varying degrees of spasticity (Center).
While there is currently no cure for cerebral palsy, a wide variety of treatments are available (Cerebral Palsy). The goal when treating cerebral palsy is
to minimize effects of the disability, not eliminate symptoms altogether, as that is currently not a possible option (Bunch 32). Most cases can be
managed and individuals can live long, healthy, quality lives. For less
Henkel 3
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Cerebral Palsy Research Papers
Many Americans are affected by Cerebral Palsy, whether they have it or they know someone who does. This crippling condition is not only devastating
for the victim but also the family. With no definite cure, many people suffer through the symptoms and conquer Cerebral Palsy in their own way. The
unique condition is often misconceived and forgotten, but with the help of many organizations, love for those with CP will always remain. Cerebral
Palsy is a permanent neurological disorder, described as a nonreversible malformation of the brain. Often diagnosed between the ages of one and five,
children are either born with the condition or have experienced extreme trauma making them more susceptible to the disorder. Common causes of CP
include viral infections, bleeding in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cerebral Palsy was officially discovered in 1843 by William Little. Little observed abnormal births for a large majority of his career, noting the
uniqueness of each complication, and attempting to link all symptoms together. Research states that he became so infatuated with the disease that
other professionals named it "Little's disease"(4). Around 1862 the doctor published a series of papers on his observations and discoveries; he then
urged others to follow in his footsteps (4). Near the beginning of the 1900s, a well known psychologist named Sigmund Freud, also became interested
and eventually published a book on the disorder in which he described as "infantile cerebral paralysis" or Cerebral Palsy for short. Through these
papers and research, Cerebral Palsy became a good explanation for many unidentified physical and mental complications. The Children's Hospital in
Boston,
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Cerebral Palsy Research Paper
Sadly, babies and infants are most affected by Cerebral
Palsy. Each year, in the United States alone, about 10,000
cases are reported of babies with signs and symptoms of Cerebral
Palsy. "It is the most common motor disorder in children and is
second only to autism as the most common disability in children"
(My Child Without Limits). Most adults with Cerebral Palsy
developed it as a child and grew up with it in their life.
Although this disability has affected them it has not stopped
many of them from doing what they would like. "About 764,000
children and adults currently have Cerebral Palsy" (My Child at
Cerebral Palsy, 2016). Of that 764,000 around 500,000 are
children under the age of 18 (My Child at Cerebral Palsy, 2016).
These
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Cerebral Palsy Research Paper
A kid once said I want to be normal. But CP (cerebral palsy) would make you feel less than normal. How would you feel going through life without
ever being able to walk, and play sports, and be like what's considered a "normal person" .
In this document you will be learning of the hardships of daily life for kids with cerebral palsy. When you have CP you might feel like you are normal .
CP starts with a baby in the womb or the first couple of years of a child's life (years 3–5).This disease affects the brain which makes it very hard to
walk, or with other symptoms your hands and arms can get deformed . It also affects a person's motor skills and muscle tone. What this really means
is tension in your muscles and your ability to walk and
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Cerebral Palsy In Children
There are several physical disabilities a child could have such as muscular dystrophy, spina bifida, and cerebral palsy. However, the most common
physical disability in children is cerebral palsy ("Facts"). Cerebral palsy is a disease that affects infants and children. It is a disorder of movement,
posture, and/or muscle tone usually caused by brain damage either before or soon after birth. There are a variety of signs of cerebral palsy, oral problems
as a result of this disease, and other interesting facts.
Symptoms of this disease include extreme muscle variations such as the individual being too stiff or too floppy, lack of muscle coordination, difficulty
eating or speaking, as well as tremors and/or involuntary movements. Several problems ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Individuals with cerebral palsy are most likely unable to talk because of the common symptom of having much difficulty hearing. Cerebral palsy is
unfortunately also a life–long disease and, in some cases, the disability may increase with age. In addition to this, cerebral palsy can also affect
different parts of the body such as the hemiplegia (either the left or right body half), diplegia (lower body half), or quadriplegia (the whole body).
39% of individuals with cerebral palsy are affected in the hemiplegia area, a close 38% are affected in the diplegia area, while 23% of them are
affected throughout their whole body. Infants that are born prematurely have a 10% chance of developing cerebral palsy sometime during or soon after
their birth while infants that were born between 28–31 weeks have a 5% chance of developing this disease
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Causes And Symptoms Of Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is considered a neurological disorder caused by a non–progressive braininjury or malformation that occurs while the
child's brain is under development. This conditionaffects the body's movements and its coordination. Cerebral Palsy is a term that refers todamage that
has occurred to the brain before birth, during birth, or after birth. Researchsuggests that Cerebral Palsy is caused by a brain abnormality that has
occurred during thedevelopment of the brain. The cause of Cerebral Palsy can be many different things. The cause could be before thebirth. The baby
could be developing in the mother and the development of Cerebral Palsycould occur. It could also occur with an injury that could occur to the mother.
Also ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some cases of Cerebral Palsy cannot be prevented, but many can be. One preventioncould be the mother avoiding anything that could lead her to
injury while she is pregnant.Also, if the mother stays healthy and avoids any substance abuse, they can avoid CerebralPalsy. When the child is
born, keeping the child safe and away from harm to the brain orsomewhere else is also a good way to avoid Cerebral Palsy. Symptoms of Cerebral
Palsy are affecting how the child feels or expresses; symptomsare not necessarily visible. Symptoms could also be how the baby moves or their
motorfunctions. Some developments that the parent should be seen in the baby may not occur andmay not occur if they have Cerebral Palsy.
Consequently, things such sensory impairment,seizures, and learning disabilities may be symptoms and may occur if the baby has CerebralPalsy.
Nevertheless, Cerebral Palsy treatment is used to make the life of the person asmanageable as possible. In order to do this, the treatment is based on
an individual's need fortreatment. It depends on the person's type of cerebral palsy, their location of movementproblems, their level of disability, and the
co–occurring
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An Alternative Therapy For Cerebral Palsy
We decided to research suit therapy in the context of cerebral palsy. Suit therapy is a system of rubber bands, hooks, and rings that connect a vest,
shorts, kneepads, and specially connected shoes (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams, 2009). There is bungee like cords that continue to tighten and
adjust in order to "mimic normal flexor and extensor patterns of major muscle groups in an attempt to correct abnormal alignment" (McMahon, Pruitt &
Vargus–Adams, 2009). Wearing the suit along with intensive physicaltherapy, and active motor participation by the patient for a certain amount of time
and frequency is meant to retrain normal muscle movement and improve sensory and proprioceptive information in the brain (McMahon, Pruitt &
Vargus–Adams, 2009). Suit therapy has been emerging as an alternative therapy for cerebral palsy. We are researching whether or not suit therapy
treats both implications cerebral palsy has on the body, the brain and muscles. While suit therapy seems like a great idea in theory, we are looking
for proof that it has worked on patients that have gone through clinical trials or experiments with it and that it will be an accessible therapy able to
reach the population. There are many studies done where subjects have received suit therapy either by itself, with other intensive physical therapy, and
comparing results of suit therapy to results of other types of therapy that are established as being used for cerebral palsy. There are many articles about
cerebral
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Spastic Cerebral Palsy Essay
Our user was diagnosed with spastic quadriplegia, which is the harshest type of spastic cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy is caused by damage of
the motor cortex and the pyramidal tracts of the brain. The brain damage can occur before, during or even after birth. When the damage occurs before
birth it is usually during the 26 to 34 week of gestation in which the white matter of the fetus is most susceptible to complications. It can occur during
birth, and babies with cerebral palsy were usually born in a feet–first position instead of a headfirst. An uncommon reason of brain damage occurs after
birth, however it still occurs and it can be caused by a traumatic head injury. Since it is a type of cerebral palsy the patient will suffer from ... Show
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They can opt between different types of therapies or even surgery. Physical therapy will try to help the patient gain some independence through
stretching, flexibility exercises and range–of–motion activities. Occupational therapy will help with the development of skills to perform daily life
activities. Most of the time they will focus on strengthening their hands and fingers since they are not able to move the majority of their bodies. A
benefit of doing this therapy is that it will improve the patient's learning abilities, which will make a significant change in their lives. Another type of
therapy is speech therapy, which aims to improve basic language and vocabulary development. It is crucial that a patient of cerebral palsy knows how
to communicate with their caregivers or anyone who can provide help to them. Fortunately, there is also medication that can help the patients with their
condition. Benzodiazepines can be prescribed to alleviate muscle stiffness; Diazepam is mostly used at treating stiffness of the legs. Patients can also
undergo surgery; a highly recommended one is the Selective Doral Rhizotomy, which main goal is to relax the muscles and improve mobility in various
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Essay about Cerebral Palsy
Clinical Definition Cerebral palsy is a broad term recognizing any number of neurological disorders that typically develop either during pregnancy,
during childbirth or early childhood until about the age of three. It permanently affects body movement and muscle coordination, though it never
progress's over time. The word cerebral palsy is claimed from the combination of the defined terms cerebrum, referring to the damaged part of the
brain, and palsy, referring to the disorder of a movement. Cerebral palsy describes a group of permanent disorders that affect the bodily posture and
movement, affecting an individual's ability to be active, including disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behaviorally, by
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Though, of those infants who were born above 2500 grams, 23 percent compared to just 15 percent of the infants who weighed less than 1000 grams
were classified as being severely motor impaired (Surman, et al., 2009) showing that proportionally, premature babies have a higher risk of
developing cerebral palsy than do normal infants, but have less risk associated with severe motor impairment. Determined by the SCPE, percentages
pertaining to scores on IQ tests that classify one to be mentally retarded could actually be lower than what is known today. Scores could have been
taken from children who took the test inaccurately, depending if a modified version of the test was given to them because of physical or
communicational limitations (Cerebral palsy, 2010).
Diagnostic Criteria Typically, a doctor looks over many requirements before determining if an infant should be diagnosed. Of the requirements, the
infant is tested by performing simple motor and reflex skills and is checked for symptoms including slower development than normal seen in babies,
unusual body posture and abnormal muscle tone. The reflex test cues an automated response from the body when provoked. In newborns, the Moro
reflex is a gesture performed by a baby that resembles a small child lifting their arms to a parent to either be picked up or
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Research Paper On Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy is a congenital disorder of the movement, muscle tone, and posture of your body. This disease is common among Americans. Over
200,000 cases have been diagnosed in the United States each year. CP requires a medical diagnosis, some symptoms to look for are exaggerated
reflexes, floppy or rigid limbs, and involuntary motions. These symptoms may most likely appear in the early years of a child.
Cerebral Palsy most often affects the muscles, such as the person will experience difficulty walking, problems with coordination, muscle weakness, and
muscle spasms. CP will also affect a child's ability to develop, such as slow growth, or a learning disability. CP can also affect the way you speak, for
example you could develop a stutter, or speech disorder.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Long term treatment of CP includes physical and other therapies. It also includes medications, and sometimes surgery. Physical therapy plays a big
role in dealing with CP, because it can teach you how to deal with this disorder in a way that some medications may not be able to. Surgery may be
very rare to do to a person with CP, because it would only be necessary if the person is paralyzed. The surgery would be called a gastrostomy, and it
would include having a feeding tube that reaches your stomach, if you are unable to eat on your own. Cerebral palsy does tie into the nervous system,
because of how it is caused. It is caused by an abnormal development of the
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Cerebral Palsy Definition
Cerebral Palsy – DrMdYasin
Cerebral palsy is known as a neurological disorder which results from non–progressive injury of brain which occurs when the brain of a child is under
development. Cerebral Palsy mainly affects the movement of body and coordination of muscles. Cerebral Palsy can be defined however, having it does
not define the patient suffering from this condition.
Defining Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy is a blanket term also commonly known as "CP" and defined by the impairment or loss of motor function. It is a condition which results
from damage of brain. Damage of brain is a result of injury of brain or the abnormal brain development which takes place when the brain of a child is
developing – prior to its birth, during its birth
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Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Spastic cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that unfolds in the developing brain – either right before birth or shortly after, typically before the child
turns one year of age. Head injuries that occur several weeks after birth may also cause spastic cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy makes up roughly
eighty percent of all cerebral palsy cases, since there are other types; spastic is considered to be the most common. Spastic cerebral palsy causes
neuromuscular mobility impairment meaning that there is a lack in connection between the nerves and muscles. The two parts of the brain affected by
spastic cerebral palsy are the cerebral motor cortex and the white matter. The cerebral motor cortex is responsible for movement, hearing, speech,
thinking, visual processing etc. Therefore if the cerebral motor cortex is damaged then all those previously listed may be affected. White matter is
responsible for transmitting signals to the body, consequently if it is damaged, nerve signals are interrupted. (Common Parts of the Brain Affected by
Cerebral Palsy.) Spastic cerebral palsy carries many symptoms which include muscle spasticity/stiffness, joint contracture, paralysis, seizures,
dysarthria, difficulty eating/swallowing, drooling, irregular breathing (respiratory problems), unsteady gait, learning disabilities, hearing/eyesight
problems, slower growth than average, scoliosis, bowel problems, or urinary incontinence. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) Spastic
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Cerebral Palsy Research Paper
We decided to research suit therapy in the context of cerebral palsy. Suit therapy is a system of rubber bands, hooks, and rings that connect a vest,
shorts, kneepads, and specially connected shoes (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams 2009). There are bungee type cords that continue to tighten and
adjust in order to "mimic normal flexor and extensor patterns of major muscle groups in an attempt to correct abnormal alignment" (McMahon, Pruitt
& Vargus–Adams 2009). Wearing the suit along with intensive physical therapy, and active motor participation by the patient for a certain amount of
time and frequency is meant to retrain the brain what normal muscle movement is and improve sensory and proprioceptive information (McMahon,
Pruitt & Vargus–Adams... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While the article includes a lot of information about cerebral palsy, for the purposes of obtaining information that is pertinent to suit therapy, we will
focus on their definitions of cerebral palsy and some of its symptoms. The CDC is a government organization that backs research on many
different diseases and disorders affecting people, making it a credible source to gather facts. A working definition of cerebral palsy and its
symptoms is needed to achieve this and the CDC provides that along with other information. The CDC defines cerebral palsy as "a group of
disorders that affects a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture" (2015). It goes further into describing that cerebral means
having to do with the brain and palsy means weakness or issues using muscles (2015). Therefore, in order for suit therapy to really treat what is at
the root of cerebral palsy, both the brain and the muscles. If it is found that suit therapy only treats one of those two areas that cerebral palsy
affects, then it is not a truly holistic treatment that treats cerebral palsy as a whole. Symptoms vary from case to case, and the CDC says that some
people with cerebral palsy will only have minor symptoms and not need any adaptive equipment for mobility, but others may never be able to walk
or be mobile by themselves and need lifelong care (2015). The CDC is a well researched, and reliable source of information in which only
professionals can edit their articles. The authors, therefore, must be objective, as they are stating facts, and are unbiased in the way they present them.
This text's contribution to our research about suit therapy is that it gives a solid foundation as to what
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Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study
Cerebral Palsy
Definition
Cerebral palsy encompasses developmental disorders that limit the movement and posture of the growing child. They are due to disturbances of the
human brain that occurred before, during or soon after birth (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). It is associated with motor problems,
particularly of perception, communication, sensation, and behavior.
Etiology
There are prenatal, perinatal and post–natal causes of cerebral palsy that may cause a defective development of the brain. The prenatal causes include
middle cerebral artery infarct which limits the flow of blood to some parts of the cerebral hemisphere and the infections with cytomegalovirus and
rubella (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It reduces edema, strengthens muscles and controls pain during muscle contraction. Electrical stimulation encompasses three methods that include
threshold electrical stimulation (TES), functional electric stimulation (FES) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). According to Cosmina,
et al. (2012), electrical stimulation is effective in modulating spasticity by reorganizing the motor area of the brain. Besides, it enhances gait pattern
and postural control. This is especially necessary for Diplegic children who present with abnormal gain and postural control (Elshafey & El–Feke,
2014). Electrical stimulation resets the tone balance of both the agonist and antagonist muscles of the limbs. It helps the affected children to regain
balance and have control over their
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Cerebral Palsy Causes
Causes
Cerebral Palsy along with many other muscular disorders is
caused because of neurological damage or mutations. This damage
or underdevelopment can happen before, during, or right after
the child is born. Doctors have discovered that Cerebral Palsy
is not a genetic or hereditary disease but "researchers have
discovered that hereditary factors can predispose an individual
to Cerebral Palsy" (My Child at Cerebral Palsy, 2016). Genetic
wise there is only potential influences that could affect this
disease. The main cause is damage to the developing brain.
Depending on how damaged the brain is it determines how advanced
and severe their child's Cerebral Palsy will be. These damages
could include "prenatal disturbances of brain
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Cerebral Palsy Research Paper
Permobil Wheelchairs Standout in the Crowd
"This is just wonderful," said Vicki Miller as she watched her son Joey run around Delco Park with friends. "He finally has the freedom to run like
other kids."
Joey Miller is a typical 8–year–old boy. He loves playing videos and spending time with friends, but never wants to eat his vegetables. Unlike other
little boys, Joey was born two months premature and has Cerebral Palsy (CP). According to www.cerebralpalsy.org, Cerebral Palsy is a condition that
affects body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, posture and balance.
"I was told when Joey was born that he would never run and play like other kids, but his Permobil standing wheelchair has changed all of that. He just
loves it."
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Cerebral Palsy Summary
Summary of Scholarly Research: Parents' Understanding of Play for Children with Cerebral Palsy
The article that I chose to summarize titled "Parents' Understanding of Play for Children with Cerebral Palsy" (Graham, Truman, & Holgate, 2015)
explores the different ways in which children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) engage in play and the ways in which parents of these children perceive,
facilitate, and are affected by their childs ability to play. This topic was of interest to me because I will soon be embarking on a fieldwork experience
where I will be working with the pediatric population. I feel that parental involvement is an integral part of therapy for children and would like to gain
a better understanding of how to better enable parents to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some expressed feelings of guilt or jealousy as a result of being unable to leave their child to play individually or with other children (Graham, et al.,
2015), or guilt related to not incorporating therapy into play (Graham, et al., 2015). Nevertheless, parents also communicated that they coped with the
burden of play by recruiting others to help facilitate their childs participation in play in order for the parent to carry out daily tasks (Graham, et al.,
2015). With respect to expanding the concept of play, vicarious play and play through communication were described by parents (Graham, et al.,
2015). For example, one parent described her child engaging by watching other children play and commenting on their actions (Graham, et al., 2015).
She perceived that her child felt fully involved in the play even though she was not physically participating (Graham, et al., 2015). Concerning therapy
and play, some parents felt that the two concepts were intertwined, while other parents saw therapy and play as being completely separate (Graham, et
al., 2015). Automatic incorporation of therapy into play was also described by the participants (Graham, et al., 2015). For example, parents would
naturally think of elements such as positioning or bilateral movements
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Causes Of Cerebral Palsy
Causes of Cerebral palsy
Brain injury or brain malformation that occurs before, during, or immediately after birth while the infant's brain is under development will cause the
baby to cerebral palsy. Every case of cerebral palsy is different and individual. This is classify in the type of trauma, extent of injury, and the timing of
trauma to the developing brain.
92% cases of cerebral palsy in the Australia is causes by the brain injury occurs either in the uterus (while the mother is pregnant) or before 1 month
of age. Stroke is the most common cause in babies who acquire cerebral palsy after 1 month of age. The stroke may occur spontaneously or arise from
surgical or heart complications.
Researchers believe there are three main problems that can affect the brain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Experts believe that lack of oxygen may have caused destruction of the unborn baby's brain cells. PVL may have been caused by the pregnant mother
catching an infection, such as rubella (German measles), having very low blood pressure, giving birth too early (premature birth), or consuming an
illegal drug during the pregnancy.
Intracranial hemorrhage and stroke
Intracranial hemorrhage is bleeding in the brain. This can be dangerous because the brain can be deprived of blood, which can cause parts of the brain
to die – the build–up of blood itself can damage brain tissue.
Intracranial hemorrhage is normally seen in babies born prematurely, although it sometimes occurs in unborn babies after they have had a stroke.
Factors that increase the risk of an unborn baby having a stroke include pre–existing weaknesses or abnormalities in the baby's blood vessels or the
mother's placenta. High blood pressure in the mother also increase the risk of unborn baby having a stroke. Also, mother having an infection during
pregnancy, particularly pelvic inflammatory disease (an infection of the female upper genital
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A Term Paper On Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy is a condition noticeable by impaired muscle coordination and/or other disabilities, typically caused by damage to the brain before or
at birth. Cerebral Palsy normally affects body movements and muscle coordination. Cerebral Palsy is defined as loss of impairment of motor skills
and it is actually caused by brain damage. This damage is caused by brain damage or abnormal development of the brain that occurs while a child's
brain is still developing. This can occur before, during, or immediately after birth. Because Cerebral Palsy affects the body's movements, it affects
muscle coordination, muscle tone, muscle control, posture, reflex, and balance. It also can affect the oral, fine, and gross motor skills. Individuals with
Cerebral ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Muscles can contract too much or too little, or all at the same time. Because limbs can be stiff and/or forced into very awkward and very painful
positions, fluctuating contractions can make limbs shake, tremble, or twist. Things such as walking, sitting, or grasping things might be difficult to
someone with Cerebral Palsy because it affects posture, balance, and coordination. Other impairments also are commonly associated with Cerebral
Palsy are seizures, vision or hearing impairment, and intellectual impairment. Cases of CP vary according to the individual. For example, a person
may be completely paralyzed and need around the clock care opposed to someone with partial paralysis and only may only need little assistance.
This also has to do with the type and the timing it occurred to the brains development. Cerebral Palsy is not a life threatening disorder but it is also
not curable. Cerebral Palsy is a non–progressive disorder. It is a one–time brain injury and it does not further degenerate the brain. Although it is not
progressive, it is a permanent disorder. Unfortunately, the brain cannot heal itself like other parts of the
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Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Society
Cerebral palsy is a broad term used to describe a group of nonprogressive neurological disorders that impair voluntary movement (NINDS Cerebral
Palsy, 2016). It is caused by malformation or damage to the brain during pregnancy or shortly after birth. The exact cause of cerebral palsy is difficult
to establish, but often damage to the brain is attributed by prematurity, low birth weight, blood clotting, lack of oxygen, or stroke. Cerebral palsy may
affect different areas of the brain causing varying symptoms among individuals; however, cerebral palsy always has some sort of impact on muscle
coordination and movement (What is Cerebral Palsy?, 2015). Cameron is a lively, bright 17–year–old with a love for cars, airplanes, and sports. He
enjoys talking on the phone and seems to make friends wherever he goes. Although Cameron is a typical teenager interested in sports and girls, he
realizes there are obstacles that prevent him from participating in typical activities of a teenage boy, but Cameron only wishes to be treated as an
equal among his peers. Cameron has a spastic quadriplegia form of cerebral palsy and is confined to a wheelchair. He is unable to read or write, but
communicates fairly well with only slight difficulty in speech. Cameron's mother knew something was terribly wrong when she began to have
contractions at only twenty–three weeks pregnant. She was rushed to the hospital and told Cameron would not survive. Although she felt the pressure
to push, the doctor
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Cerebral Palsy Essay
Cerebral palsy, also known as CP, is quite prevalent in today's society and continues to be the most common physical disability. It is estimated that
about one in every 400 children born in a developed country will have cerebral palsy (Aspinall, 2007). In the United States, it is estimated that nearly
800,000 children and adults could be exhibiting some symptoms of the condition (Aspinall, 2007). Despite medical advances all over the world,
newborn children and infants continue to be diagnosed with this condition and there seems to be no decline in numbers over the years (Aspinall, 2007).
The exact cause of cerebral palsy remains unknown to this day. However, there are many factors that can cause CP such as meningitis, bleeding into the
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There are three main types of cerebral palsy. The first type of CP is that of Spastic Cerebral Palsy and it is often accompanied with a weakness and
stiffness in muscles (Aspinall, 2007). Therefore, movements are much harder to perform and to control. Muscle weakness will sometimes make
it impossible for some people to stand or move on their own while muscle stiffness prevents many to fully extend their limbs. Spastic CP is the
most common type of CP in the world, and nearly eighty percent of all CP cases are of this type (Aspinall, 2007). The second type of CP is that of
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy and it is caused by damage to the cerebellum and the basal ganglia (Aspinall, 2007). When damage occurs in these areas
movements and body posture are affected greatly and both are less coordinated (Colledge, 1999). Moreover, the imbalance caused by the damage
to these areas result in problems with speech, eating, and picking up objects (Aspinall, 2007). Nearly ten percent of all CP cases are those of Athetoid
CP (Aspinall 2007). The third type of CP is that of Ataxic Cerebral Palsy. Ataxic children are usually shaky and have a poor sense of balance as well as
bad depth perception (Aspinall, 2007). However, a child with Ataxic CP may have a chance of living an independent life if therapy is started at a
young age.
Cerebral palsy is not a curable disease (Petry, 2007). However, some treatment will often time's enhance a child's capabilities. Although this
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Cerebral Palsy Essay examples
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is brain damage. It cannot be cured, it is not contagious, it is not a disease, and it does not get worse. According to Funk &
Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, "Cerebral Palsy is a broad term for various nonprogressive disorders of motor function in people, resulting from
brain damage around the time of birth. Damage to the brain could occur before, during, or shortly after birth"("Cerebral"). Since the damage is done
during the brain's formation, and occurs in the part of the brain that controls motor and muscle functions, people with CP might have problems with
motor skills, muscle tone, muscle weakness, reflexes, balance, excessive drooling, difficulties swallowing or speaking, shaking, tremors, and ... Show
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Because CP describes a group of neurological and physical abnormalities, people affected by the disorder may have other neurological and physical
problems. CP may not be noticeable at birth. Children with CP develop predictable developmental milestones slowly because of their motor
impairments, and these delays in reaching milestones are usually the first symptoms (Gale Enc). Doctors diagnose CP by checking the infant's motor
skills, looking for developmental delays, and considering the child's medical history. Many Doctors use the Early Motor Pattern Profile (EMPP) to
help in their evaluations. The EMPP indicates variations in muscle tone, reflexes, and movement and is used to identify children during the first year
of life who are at risk for the development of CP. The EMPP can be done during a routine office visit. Observation and minimal handling can detect
abnormal motor patterns, making it quick and inexpensive. EMPP is the beginning of evaluation and intervention ("Early" 692). CP is a neurological
disorder affecting motor control. It is the most common physical disability in childhood. It is a lifelong condition that varies from person to person. It
can be very mild or extremely severe. There is no known cure, and the cause is not completely understood. The four main categories of CP are spastic,
athetoid, ataxic, and mixed. Spastic is stiff and difficult movement. Athetoid is involuntary and uncontrolled movement. Ataxic is a disturbed sense of
balance and
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Cerebral Palsy Papers
Cerebral palsy affects a part of the brain that helps to control the body's muscle movements. This is a disorder that permanently will affect the body's
movement and/or speech. In most of the children who have cerebral palsy are born with it right after birth. Cerebral palsy starts in infancy. One person
can have more effective cerebral palsy from another person. For example; a boy can have the effects of not being able to walk or talk in a preposterous
way where as a girl could have the effect of not being able to walk good but can still talk normally.
Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy are different, there are many kinds of symptoms that can occur. People who experiance with cerebral palsy have
exaggerated reflexes, a lack of muscle coordination caused by tightness and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You cannot tell if a child has cerebral palsy during pregnancy. It happens before, during or after birth however; sometime this can not be discovered
until month or maybe even up to 3 years after the child's birth. In most cases children are usually diagnosed right after birth. The parents of the
child with this disease will start to notice things that are off a little more than usual. When a child starts missing a growth factor the parent may
not think its cerebral palsy right away. They will just think that this childs is a slow start but will catch up soon. Bur right away parents should
take their child to the doctor when they notice something is off. Signs that a baby has cerebral palsy can be they feel floppy when you pick them
up from a low muscle tone, they are not able to hold their head up when lying on their stomach or sitting up on their own, they will have difficulty
eating their food, and they will have a delayed development such as not being able to sit up on their own or roll over. Cerebral palsy is not
deernative! Dernative means that his disease will not get worse over time after a child is diagnosed with
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Speech On Cerebral Palsy
Introduction
"Cerebral Palsy for me, is both a blessing and a curse. Yes, it's a disability pero (but) it helps me discover myself more. Like this, I like being on solo
dates. But it's also a curse because the people who don't understand my condition will only tease me and I can't do anything or I'm unable to do
anything."
– Saiya
The cerebral palsies (CP) are a heterogeneous group of motor disorders that are non–progressive developed in the brain. [3]
According to the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention, studies that are population–based from all over the world reports the prevalence of
cerebral palsy 1.5 to more than 4 per 1000 live births or children of a defined age range. [5]
In the continent of Asia, the prevalence of Cerebral ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Ayoko rin mag meds, kasi natatakot ako sa side–effects. Ayun. Parang, okay na akong may kausap ako."
G.Summarize the Result of Exammination Management Outcome
The client has gone through an incomplete form of physical therapy. Physical therapy for the condition of cerebral palsy includes exercises and
stretches that are aimed to stimulate mobility. This sets up physical fitness while maintaining a minimum of injury or accidents. However, Saiya did
not receive the full treatment of physical therapy and could not attain its full benefits. Otherwise, the client's care is usually self–made where she would
be in activities that help her both physically and psychologically whether in a school setting or otherwise.
H.Refer to Objective Measures of Client's Progress
The client's lack of professional medical care has deteriorated her mobility on her lower body, stating that she once had been able to move her feet in
circles but could not do so today. Despite this, Saiya maintains a healthy life where she is active in her school and outside educational activities. Her
classmates would comment that despite her condition, she is fully capable of high articulation and recitation while also being competitive in a friendly
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Cerebral Palsy Essay
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy is a generic term that is applied to a non–progressive motor disorder. Approximately (2).% of children born today will have some form
of cerebral palsy (CP). There are four main categories in which CP disorders are placed. First, Spastic syndromes due to upper motor neuron
involvement are representative of 70% of CP cases (8). Subgroups of this include hemiplegia (21%), quadriplegia (27%), and diplegia (21%), which
is a mixture of quadriplegia and paraplegia (8). The hemiplegics of this group often have mild or less severe speech impediments than the other
subgroups (8). Second, athetoid and dyskinetic syndromes occur in about 20% of the cases (8). This group has the slow, writhing movements and...
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Most of the remaining CP patients with "normal intelligence" have perceptual problems and must be placed in learning disability classes (3).
Several theories have been given as to the cause of CP. These include; neonatal jaundice, genetics, infections of infancy, neonatal asphyxia, and birth
trauma. Neonatal jaundice causes bilirubin encephalopathy (kirnicterus) which is not common today with Rh immunization and other clinical
advances that prevent the massive lysis of child RBC's (3). Genetic causes of CP have been linked to an autosomal recessive gene in a few cases of
the ataxic diplegia form (4). Infancy attributions include head trauma and meningitis (3).
The original thought was that CP was a result of birth trauma and the physician's competence was a large factor in the incidence of CP. It appears that
only 6% of CP cases are due from intrapartum events but most of these seemed to originate their etiology from prenatal or postnatal factors (5). This
conclusion comes from the fact that CP children had similar Apgar scores except for acidosis of the veins in approximately 18% of the CP children
compared to 0 in normal children (5). This may be due to a lack of equipment to actually diagnose the acidosis, especially in cerebral acidosis. Also,
C–sections do not protect against CP and are not advised unless they are normally applicable (5). Another study found
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Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study
Cerebral Palsy
Definition
Cerebral palsy encompasses developmental disorders that limit the movement and posture of the growing child. They are due to disturbances of the
human brain that occurred before, during or soon after birth (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). It is associated with motor problems,
particularly of perception, communication, sensation, and behavior.
Etiology
There are prenatal, perinatal and post–natal causes of cerebral palsy that may cause a defective development of the brain. The prenatal causes include
middle cerebral artery infarct which limits the flow of blood to some parts of the cerebral hemisphere and the infections with cytomegalovirus and
rubella (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It reduces edema, strengthens muscles and controls pain during muscle contraction. Electrical stimulation encompasses three methods that include
threshold electrical stimulation (TES), functional electric stimulation (FES) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). According to Cosmina,
et al. (2012), electrical stimulation is effective in modulating spasticity by reorganizing the motor area of the brain. Besides, it enhances gait pattern
and postural control. This is especially necessary for Diplegic children who present with abnormal gain and postural control (Elshafey & El–Feke,
2014). Electrical stimulation resets the tone balance of both the agonist and antagonist muscles of the limbs. It helps the affected children to regain
balance and have control over their
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Cerebral Palsy Essay
Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent pediatric movement disorder [1] and often results in pathological gait patterns that emerge
during development and persist throughout life. More effective and sustainable treatments are needed for gait rehabilitation in CP. Wearable
exoskeletons provide an untapped resource. A robotic exoskeleton that provides knee extension assistance was demonstrated to improve walking in
children with crouch gait from CP [1]. The full effect of exoskeleton assistance on volitional actions of the user during walking remains unknown;
however, active participation in concert with assistance is vital for successful motor rehabilitation [2]. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the
feasibility of utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) to quantify the effect of exoskeleton assistance on cortical activity during walking. Recent
studies have used EEG to measure cortical activity during walking in healthy populations [3, 4] but it has not been applied in those with CP or to
determine the effect of robotic assistance at a single joint,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After practice walking with the exoskeleton in three initial visits (lasting 2–3 hours each), data was collected on the fourth visit under three conditions:
treadmill walking with the exoskeleton providing knee extension assistance during stance and late swing phase (exo condition) and providing zero
assistive torque (free condition) , and a rest condition during which participants stood still with eyes open. 64–channel EEG was collected using a
wireless, active electrode EEG system (Brain Products, Morrisville, NC) at 1000 Hz. Lower extremity kinematics and gait events were recorded at
100 Hz using a Vicon MX motion capture system (Vicon, Denver, CO)
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Essay on Cerebral palsy
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy refers to a group of chronic disorders that involve degrees of brain damage that affect body control and movement. The term cerebral
refers to the brain, while palsy describes a disorder that impairs the control of body movement. These disorders are not the result of muscles or nerves
problems. Instead, they are due to impaired motor areas in the brain that disrupt its ability to control movement and posture. The condition typically
appears within the first few years of life and it is not marked by regression. (Mecham, 1986)
Cerebral Palsy can either be present before birth, can occur during the delivery process, or can even develop up to several years after a child is born.
The disorder is most commonly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
More severe symptoms in children with cerebral palsy may result in basically no muscle control, greatly affecting their lives." (Cogher, Savage &
Smith, 1992)
There are some individuals that suffer a mild cerebral palsy form. Many people do not know that mild cerebral palsy exists because the symptoms
of this cerebral palsy form are subtler and mild cerebral palsy patients are able to lead "normal" lives. Since cerebral palsy is caused from brain
damage, the severity of the cerebral palsy is dependent upon how much brain damage exists. With mild cerebral palsy, as the name indicates the
damage suffered has been minimal.
Sometimes, mild cerebral palsy patients cause other disorders to occur. The way that these disorders affect the mild cerebral palsy individual can be
mild or severe, requiring the mild cerebral palsy patient to need more treatment. Since every mild cerebral palsy patient is affected in his/her own way,
developing an individualized mild cerebral palsy treatment plan is required.
There are many different types of cerebral palsy. "Types of cerebral palsy are classified by the type of movement problems caused by brain impairment,
or by the parts of the body that are affected." (Mecham, 1986)
The four types of cerebral palsy that indicate motor disability include: spastic, ataxic, athetoid and mixed cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy causes
movements to be stiff or difficult to execute. In these
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Cerebral Palsy Essay
Cerebral palsy is the term given to a general group of nonspecific neuromuscular disorders that cause behavioral abnormalities. The condition was
originally thought to be caused by asphyxia and trauma during pregnancy; however, through extensive research many divisions of cerebral palsy
emerged. Such categories include spastic, athetoid, and ataxic cerebral palsy. Today over half a percent of the worlds population is subject to this
condition of the brain. Two to four out of a thousand are affected in the industrialized United States; however, with the introduction of new preventive
measures the numbers of cerebral palsy victims born each year are expected to decline. (Anee Stanford, General Information about Cerebral Palsy,
page 1&2) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Britannica.com, Cerebral Palsy, page 1) Cerebral palsy is a general name for an extensive set of disorders caused by brain damage before or
shortly after the first two years of birth. The three major forms include spastic, athetoid, and ataxic cerebral palsy. It is also not uncommon for
victims to suffer from mixed type cerebral palsy that has variations of two or more of the other classifications. (Grolier Encyclopedia, Cerebral Palsy,
pages 1&2) Of the individuals with cerebral palsy six out of the ten will have the spastic form. Symptoms include noticeably reduced movement caused
by stiff or permanently contracted muscles. Spastic cerebral palsy results from damaged nerve fibers that carry impulses for voluntary motor control.
Another form of cerebral palsy that accounts for about two in ten of all the cases is the athetoid type. Symptoms include uncontrolled movements due
to damage to brain nerve fibers responsible for inhibition of muscle movements. Finally, the ataxic type of cerebral palsy, which accounts for only one
in a hundred cases is associated with difficulty in coordination while walking and other limb movements. This is caused by injury to the cerebellum,
the area of the brain responsible for skeletal muscle control and balance. (James Blackman, Cerebral Palsy, page 2)
Since
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Essay on Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy
According to the website www.cpal/geocities.org, I found some valuable information to help me with my report about exceptionalities in students. This
website was almost like a tutorial that walked step by step through the disability, causes, and treatments.
I found that in definition the words Cerebral Palsy are used to describe a medical condition that affects control of the muscles. Cerebral means anything
in the head and palsy refers to anything wrong with control of the muscles or joints in the body. If someone has cerebral palsy it means that because of
an injury to their brain (that's the cerebral part) they are not able to use some of the muscles in their body in the normal way (that's the palsy part).
Children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Changes in muscle tone let us move.
In this website I also learned that there are several types of CP. I wrote the different types below to help understand each one individually.
1. Spastic Cerebral Palsy
If muscle tone is too high or too tight, the term spastic is used to describe the type of cerebral palsy. Children with spastic CP have stiff and jerky
movements because their muscles are too tight. They often have a hard time moving from one position to another or letting go of something in their
hand. This is the most common type of CP. About half of all people with CP have spastic CP.
2. Ataxic Cerebral Palsy
Low muscle tone and poor coordination of movements is described as ataxic CP. Kids with ataxic CP look very unsteady and shaky. They have a
lot of shakiness, like a tremor you might have seen in a very old person, especially when they are trying to do something like write or turn a page or
cut with scissors. They also often have very poor balance and may be very unsteady when they walk. Because of the shaky movements and problems
coordinating their muscles, kids with ataxic CP may take longer to finish writing or art projects.
3. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy
The term athetoid is used to describe the type of cerebral palsy when muscle tone is mixed – sometimes too high and sometimes too low. Children with
athetoid CP have trouble holding
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Cerebral Palsy Research Paper
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that has a permanent affect a person's movement. Cerebral palsy is occurs because there is an injury to some
part of the brain and because of that it is hard for messages from the brain to communicate to the muscles. When the brain is forming during pregnancy
and there is some disturbance but can also develop shortly after birth and even up into early childhood. These injuries can be located on any area of the
brain and that is why Cerebral Palsy looks different for every person that has it.
One of the most common stereotypes against people with cerebral palsy is many people assume that they cannot do things for themselves. Once a
person find out that someone has a disability they automatically ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He ruled for 6 years towards the end of the 19th dynasty (1196–1190 B.C), dying at the age of 20 (the average age for CP patients)." The term palsy
comes from Greek origin and come from terns like paralysis or paraplegia. In 130 A.D the word palsy was used by a physician named Galino to
describe people with weakness or necrosis of their nerves. There is no cure for those who have cerebral palsy there are only ways to manage their
condition by trying to improve muscle control though rehabilitation therapy. "Active management of spasticity is needed to prevent painful
contractures and deformities and promote optimal function. This management generally is provided by multidisciplinary teams that include physical
therapists, orthopedic surgeons, and physiatrists. Physical therapy, which is uniformly utilized for cerebral palsy has not been subjected to randomized
trials, but is widely accepted as a component of standard management"( OКјshea, T.). Some people have more severe cases of cerebral palsy and may
have other conditions such as hearing loss, mental retardation, and inability to speak. When they have mutilple conditions it may make imporvemtn in
rehabiiltion therapy much harder to
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Cerebral Palsy And Synthesis Essay
Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a perpetual disorder of posture and movement caused by damage to the developing brain. Aside from cognitive,
behavioral dysfunctions, and sensory, speech impairment occurs with the motor disorder, mostly in the manner of dysarthria. Schölderle, Staiger,
Lampe, & Ziegler (2013) reports that assumption is made that several underlying pathologies of a motor disorder in CP types similarly influence
speech motor control and resembles distinct dysarthria syndromes. Cerebral palsy that is classified as neurologic is established on the primary motor
deficit disturbing the extremities. Moreover, spastic CP accounts for 88% of the cases, while the other subtypes ataxic CP, dyskinetic CP, and mixed
are less frequent. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, the contrast whether dysarthria disorders of CP, if they occur, correlates to the corresponding dysarthria disorders acquired in adulthood.
Additionally, CP adults have a past of extremely compromised motor speech acquisition; their disorder types could differ from the types identified in
populations with dysarthria. As such Schölderle et al., (2013) set out to identify the different pathologies of motor speech disorder affecting adulthood
acquired dysarthria and cerebral palsy and the relations to corresponding with the two.
Research Question
Schölderle et al., (2013) conducted a study to (a) classify dysarthria disorders in cerebral palsy about corresponding dysarthria disorder acquired in
adulthood and (b) investigate if pathologies of motor disorder affecting the extremities in different CP types have a comparable impact on speech,
manifesting in corresponding dysarthria syndromes.
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Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Society
Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy (often known as CP) is a term that broadly covers a number of conditions in which a person has an impairment of their motor function.
Though motor skills are essential in living a normal lifestyle, living with CP is completely manageable in today's modern world. Currently, there is no
definite cure to offset the symptoms of CP, but there are a number of treatments that can mitigate the various effects of the condition. In this paper, I
would like to discuss the effects of cerebral palsy, the treatments involved, quality of life for those who are affected, and future research regarding the
condition. A spastic form of paralysis, cerebral palsy is notable because the muscles of an affected body are involuntarily contracting, causing random
spasms in every day movement. Cerebral palsy affects about 1 in 323 children in America, making it the most common motor disability in children
living in America (CDC). Due to it being caused by brain injury or brain malformation, most individuals with Cerebral Palsy are born with it, while a
minority of those affected can acquire it later on in life (CerebralPalsy). Impairments resulting from CP vary on a case by case basis, though it usually
correlates on the amount of brain damage that is present in the individual (CerebralPalsy). Symptoms of cerebral palsy can include stiffness in muscles,
variations in muscle tone, a lack in muscle coordination, and many others (Mayo Clinic). These symptoms be relatively
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Causes And Prevention Of Cerebral Palsy
Introduction
Cerebral Palsy is used to define a group of neurological disorders that indefinitely affect an individual's motility and muscle coordination as well as
impair their communication and their cognition (Granild–Jensen 931). Affecting approximately 2 out of every 1,000 live births, Cerebral Palsy
remains "the most common cause of motor impairment in children" (Granild–Jensen 931). Despite how commonplace it is, there is currently no cure.
While it can have a variety of adverse effects, measures can be taken to treat and manage them so that patients may live a relatively normal life.
Causes and Prevention
Although Cerebral Palsy is described as a loss of motor function, it is actually a disorder of the brain and results from sustained damage, typically on
a developing fetal brain. The disorder itself can vary depending on the "timing of the lesion, the clinical presentation, and the site and severity of the
impairments" (Colver 1240). This means that the stage of development that is in progress when damage occurs can alter the outcomes of the
disorder. It is important to note that every case of cerebral palsy is exclusive to a patient. Someone who has a milder case for example may only suffer
from sporadic muscle spasms and contractions. Others may suffer from a form that induces epilepsy and scoliosis or might cause complete or partial
paralysis. While most individuals who have the condition are born with it, it is difficult to ascertain the exact cause in most
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Essay Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a condition that affects thousands of people each year. An estimated 764,000 children and adults are afflicted with one or more
symptoms of CP. Around 8,000 infants and babies are diagnosed each year and 1,200–1,500 preschool age children are recognized with symptoms of
CP (www.ucp.org). This condition is caused by "abnormal development of areas of the brain that control movement and posture" (www.ucp.org). It can
also be caused by damage to the brain (usually because of head injury during the birthing process) or diseases/infections the mother has during
pregnancy such as German measles, rubella, bacterial meningitis, or viral encephalitis. Other risk factors may be the loss of too much oxygen during
birth... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It can be quite difficult for the patient to use the muscles needed for speech; this is called dysarthria (www.ucp.org). A lesser
–known type of CP that
affects 5–10% of patients is called ataxic CP (www.ucp.org). This form affects the patients' sense of balance leaving them with poor coordination. It
is difficult for them to move quickly or make specific movements. Writing and buttoning their own shirt can be a difficult task for people with ataxic
CP. A tremor in the body part they are attempting to use can be present as well. CP can also be present as a mixed form. This means the patient can
have a combination of each of the previous forms. There are many challenges that come with being diagnosed with any type of cerebral palsy. Children
with CP may have a problem controlling the muscles in their mouth. Things we take for granted such as eating and talking can be very difficult for
children with CP. They may need assistance eating and may use other forms of communication. Problems with breathing can also affect the child's
ability to speak. Some children with CP also have seizures or convulsions. This can be a result of abnormal brain activity. These seizures can
completely interrupt their activity. They can stare off in space or lose complete control of their body. Medication is prescribed to those that need it.
Children with
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Cerebral Palsy Case Study
The story of Team Hoyt is considered one of the greatest beloved stories of all time. It is a story of love, struggle, and bonding between a father
and his son. Richard (Rick) Eugene Hoyt Jr. was born on January 10, 1962 in Holland, Massachusetts. At birth, Rick's umbilical cord became twisted
around his neck, which cuased the blockage of oxygen flow. This means that Rick's brain is not sending the correct messages to his muscles. As a
result of oxygen deprivation, Rick Hoyt was diagnosed as a spastic quadriplegic with cerebral palsy. Cerebral Palsy is considered a neurological
disorder cuased by a non–progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs while the child's brain is under development. Cerebral Palsy affects body
movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, muscle tone, reflex, posture and balance. It can also impact an individuals fine motor skills, gross
motor skills, and oral motor functioning. Every case of cerebral palsy is unique to the individual. When a parent learns his or her child has cerebral
palsy, they begin to define and understand it. The doctors told Rick's parents, Richard and Judy Hoyt, that Rick would never be able to walk or talk.
The doctors insisted that they institutionalize their son and forget about him. Richard Hoyt did not like what the doctors had to say. Richard was a
father on a mission. His plan is to take Rick home and bring him up like any other child. Richard and Rick's accomplishments are inspiring not only to
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I compare Richard and Rick Hoyt to many superheroes. Superheroes are models for us, and they are modeled after us. Rick's inspiring story
encourages people to follow their dreams, no matter the obsticles they have. I have suffered depression and axiety for the last several years due to my
military background. I will foerever remember this story to help me in my life. This story inspired me so
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Cerebral Palsy Definition Essay
A Crippling Fate Imagine a life without the ability to walk, that's what my brother deals with everyday. He suffers from a condition called Cerebral
palsy. Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage before or during birth, resulting in a loss of voluntary muscle control and coordination (Cerebral
palsy). This affected my brother's legs making him wheelchair bound for the rest of his life. One may think this was horrible, but with the disease
there comes several other complications. When my brother was born he weighed two pounds seven ounces, combine his prematurity plus lack of
oxygen and he got the disease. By the age of sixteen he had four major surgeries, including a medial hamstring lengthening. As a result ofcerebral palsy
his hamstrings were so tight he was unable to move them, this led to him having to have a procedure that would loosen and lengthen them. ... Show
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Doing this procedure relieved my brother's inability to relax his legs, but at the cost of being in extreme pain. The next few months were the
hardest he would ever deal with. I can still envision coming home from school and hearing him scream in pain, this crushed me even at the tender
age of ten. I may not of understood the severity of what was going on, but I knew that he had endured the worst of it and now was the good part, the
part where he would be able to move more freely without agonizing pain. Dealing with these surgeries and the disease caused a ripple effect of how
he had to be treated and taken care
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Essay On Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy is form of paralysis caused by brain defect or injury during birth. It is an impairment of muscular function and causes weakness to
limbs. This is caused by lack of oxygen right after birth and is usually accompanied by learning disorders or mental retardation.
Signs are easier to show your child has cerebral palsy because a child is diagnosed so early, they can't really show symptoms because they aren't
developed enough. Symptoms is the way the child feels, which isn't visible until a little later in life. The earliest sign of Cerebral Palsy is a delay of
development such as the delay in the ability to sit, crawl, or walk. Signs doctors will also look for are things like unusual posture or irregular muscle
tone. A sign that causes doctors to immediately suggest your kid has Cerebral Palsy is a traumatic delivery.
When diagnosing Cerebral Palsy, you want to make sure you receive the type and that you diagnose the other conditions such as speech problems that
are also visible because of Cerebral Palsy. When a child is lacking certain developments that are suppose to occur when the child grows, physicians will
observe through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These treatments are to improve or maintain their health. Some treatments such as physical therapy can help their muscles to get stronger, so it
doesn't hurt as much to walk or is easier to walk since their muscles are used to it. Medications can help control symptoms, help your muscles to
relax, or to help with the other conditions that might be occurring with Cerebral Palsy. Also, pain management can allow them to be able to cope
with the pain, and improves their life because they don't have to deal with as much pain. Surgery may help with control of affected limbs for severe
cases or you can use braces, casts , or splints to help keep up or improve the ability for the
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Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Children

  • 1. Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Children Cerebral palsy can vary in severity being either very mild or very severe, it can also impact children differently, meaning it can impact or involve one side of the body or both sides of the body (national library of medicine, 2016). The children diagnosed with CP can have little to no limitations or many depending on the level, type and severity (national library of medicine, 2016). Some children can walk with little to no assistance however, other children may not be able to walk at all or with a lot of assistance (national library of medicine, 2016). Also, depending on the severity some children can communicate verbally independently and others require communication devices to communicate daily (Chiarello, Palisano, Orlin, Chang, Begnoche & An, 2012). Since, cerebral palsy is such a complex condition characterized by wide variation of motor functions, children with CP may often have several limitations in the following areas; sensation, perception, cognition, communication, behavior, as well as other health conditions that may influence their activity and participation in daily living skills, school, movement as well as communication (Chiarello & Palisano, 2012). Children with cerebral palsy will likely show signs of physical impairment however, the type of movement dysfunction, the location, and a number of limbs involved, as well as the extent of impairment, will vary from one individual to another (national library of medicine, 2016). As previously mentioned, cerebral ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 2. Symptoms And Treatment Of Cerebral Palsy Words like incurable, permanent, handicap, and special needs may make cerebral palsy seem like some big, scary disease, but with modern treatments and surgeries, the disorder can be made extremely manageable. Cerebral palsy is a blanket term for impaired or loss of motor function due to damage to an immature brain (Cerebral Palsy). The injury must occur before, during, or immediately after birth to be considered cerebral palsy. Evidence suggests that most of the damage occurs during prenatal development (Bunch 33). Cerebral palsy–causing injuries can only happen to immature brains (Bunch 32). While every case of cerebral palsy is unique, some common causes are the prenatal disturbance of brain cell migration, which is where genetic and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Cerebral palsy can also cause pain, discomfort, emotional distress, increased dependency, and decreased independence. Cerebral palsy also affects body movement, reflexes, posture, balance, and muscle control, tone, and coordination. The disease can impact fine motor skills, gross motor skills, and oral motor functioning (Cerebral Palsy). Children with cerebral palsy may be slow in learning to walk or talk (Bunch 34). Because of all of this, people with cerebral palsy have trouble with speaking, eating, moving, learning, and controlling eye movements (Eurostemcell). One of the most common side effects of cerebral palsy is spasticity. Spasticity causes increased muscle tone and tension. Some effects of spasticity are inhibition of movement, muscle growth, and protein synthesis, limited stretching of muscles in daily activities, muscle and joint deformities (Cerebral Palsy). If left alone, severe spasticity can lead to permanently stiff muscles (Bunch 32). Approximately 80 out of 100 patients with cerebral palsy have varying degrees of spasticity (Center). While there is currently no cure for cerebral palsy, a wide variety of treatments are available (Cerebral Palsy). The goal when treating cerebral palsy is to minimize effects of the disability, not eliminate symptoms altogether, as that is currently not a possible option (Bunch 32). Most cases can be managed and individuals can live long, healthy, quality lives. For less Henkel 3 ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 3. Cerebral Palsy Research Papers Many Americans are affected by Cerebral Palsy, whether they have it or they know someone who does. This crippling condition is not only devastating for the victim but also the family. With no definite cure, many people suffer through the symptoms and conquer Cerebral Palsy in their own way. The unique condition is often misconceived and forgotten, but with the help of many organizations, love for those with CP will always remain. Cerebral Palsy is a permanent neurological disorder, described as a nonreversible malformation of the brain. Often diagnosed between the ages of one and five, children are either born with the condition or have experienced extreme trauma making them more susceptible to the disorder. Common causes of CP include viral infections, bleeding in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Cerebral Palsy was officially discovered in 1843 by William Little. Little observed abnormal births for a large majority of his career, noting the uniqueness of each complication, and attempting to link all symptoms together. Research states that he became so infatuated with the disease that other professionals named it "Little's disease"(4). Around 1862 the doctor published a series of papers on his observations and discoveries; he then urged others to follow in his footsteps (4). Near the beginning of the 1900s, a well known psychologist named Sigmund Freud, also became interested and eventually published a book on the disorder in which he described as "infantile cerebral paralysis" or Cerebral Palsy for short. Through these papers and research, Cerebral Palsy became a good explanation for many unidentified physical and mental complications. The Children's Hospital in Boston, ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 4. Cerebral Palsy Research Paper Sadly, babies and infants are most affected by Cerebral Palsy. Each year, in the United States alone, about 10,000 cases are reported of babies with signs and symptoms of Cerebral Palsy. "It is the most common motor disorder in children and is second only to autism as the most common disability in children" (My Child Without Limits). Most adults with Cerebral Palsy developed it as a child and grew up with it in their life. Although this disability has affected them it has not stopped many of them from doing what they would like. "About 764,000 children and adults currently have Cerebral Palsy" (My Child at Cerebral Palsy, 2016). Of that 764,000 around 500,000 are children under the age of 18 (My Child at Cerebral Palsy, 2016). These
  • 5. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 6. Cerebral Palsy Research Paper A kid once said I want to be normal. But CP (cerebral palsy) would make you feel less than normal. How would you feel going through life without ever being able to walk, and play sports, and be like what's considered a "normal person" . In this document you will be learning of the hardships of daily life for kids with cerebral palsy. When you have CP you might feel like you are normal . CP starts with a baby in the womb or the first couple of years of a child's life (years 3–5).This disease affects the brain which makes it very hard to walk, or with other symptoms your hands and arms can get deformed . It also affects a person's motor skills and muscle tone. What this really means is tension in your muscles and your ability to walk and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 7. Cerebral Palsy In Children There are several physical disabilities a child could have such as muscular dystrophy, spina bifida, and cerebral palsy. However, the most common physical disability in children is cerebral palsy ("Facts"). Cerebral palsy is a disease that affects infants and children. It is a disorder of movement, posture, and/or muscle tone usually caused by brain damage either before or soon after birth. There are a variety of signs of cerebral palsy, oral problems as a result of this disease, and other interesting facts. Symptoms of this disease include extreme muscle variations such as the individual being too stiff or too floppy, lack of muscle coordination, difficulty eating or speaking, as well as tremors and/or involuntary movements. Several problems ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Individuals with cerebral palsy are most likely unable to talk because of the common symptom of having much difficulty hearing. Cerebral palsy is unfortunately also a life–long disease and, in some cases, the disability may increase with age. In addition to this, cerebral palsy can also affect different parts of the body such as the hemiplegia (either the left or right body half), diplegia (lower body half), or quadriplegia (the whole body). 39% of individuals with cerebral palsy are affected in the hemiplegia area, a close 38% are affected in the diplegia area, while 23% of them are affected throughout their whole body. Infants that are born prematurely have a 10% chance of developing cerebral palsy sometime during or soon after their birth while infants that were born between 28–31 weeks have a 5% chance of developing this disease ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 8. Causes And Symptoms Of Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is considered a neurological disorder caused by a non–progressive braininjury or malformation that occurs while the child's brain is under development. This conditionaffects the body's movements and its coordination. Cerebral Palsy is a term that refers todamage that has occurred to the brain before birth, during birth, or after birth. Researchsuggests that Cerebral Palsy is caused by a brain abnormality that has occurred during thedevelopment of the brain. The cause of Cerebral Palsy can be many different things. The cause could be before thebirth. The baby could be developing in the mother and the development of Cerebral Palsycould occur. It could also occur with an injury that could occur to the mother. Also ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Some cases of Cerebral Palsy cannot be prevented, but many can be. One preventioncould be the mother avoiding anything that could lead her to injury while she is pregnant.Also, if the mother stays healthy and avoids any substance abuse, they can avoid CerebralPalsy. When the child is born, keeping the child safe and away from harm to the brain orsomewhere else is also a good way to avoid Cerebral Palsy. Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy are affecting how the child feels or expresses; symptomsare not necessarily visible. Symptoms could also be how the baby moves or their motorfunctions. Some developments that the parent should be seen in the baby may not occur andmay not occur if they have Cerebral Palsy. Consequently, things such sensory impairment,seizures, and learning disabilities may be symptoms and may occur if the baby has CerebralPalsy. Nevertheless, Cerebral Palsy treatment is used to make the life of the person asmanageable as possible. In order to do this, the treatment is based on an individual's need fortreatment. It depends on the person's type of cerebral palsy, their location of movementproblems, their level of disability, and the co–occurring ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 9. An Alternative Therapy For Cerebral Palsy We decided to research suit therapy in the context of cerebral palsy. Suit therapy is a system of rubber bands, hooks, and rings that connect a vest, shorts, kneepads, and specially connected shoes (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams, 2009). There is bungee like cords that continue to tighten and adjust in order to "mimic normal flexor and extensor patterns of major muscle groups in an attempt to correct abnormal alignment" (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams, 2009). Wearing the suit along with intensive physicaltherapy, and active motor participation by the patient for a certain amount of time and frequency is meant to retrain normal muscle movement and improve sensory and proprioceptive information in the brain (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams, 2009). Suit therapy has been emerging as an alternative therapy for cerebral palsy. We are researching whether or not suit therapy treats both implications cerebral palsy has on the body, the brain and muscles. While suit therapy seems like a great idea in theory, we are looking for proof that it has worked on patients that have gone through clinical trials or experiments with it and that it will be an accessible therapy able to reach the population. There are many studies done where subjects have received suit therapy either by itself, with other intensive physical therapy, and comparing results of suit therapy to results of other types of therapy that are established as being used for cerebral palsy. There are many articles about cerebral ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 10. Spastic Cerebral Palsy Essay Our user was diagnosed with spastic quadriplegia, which is the harshest type of spastic cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy is caused by damage of the motor cortex and the pyramidal tracts of the brain. The brain damage can occur before, during or even after birth. When the damage occurs before birth it is usually during the 26 to 34 week of gestation in which the white matter of the fetus is most susceptible to complications. It can occur during birth, and babies with cerebral palsy were usually born in a feet–first position instead of a headfirst. An uncommon reason of brain damage occurs after birth, however it still occurs and it can be caused by a traumatic head injury. Since it is a type of cerebral palsy the patient will suffer from ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... They can opt between different types of therapies or even surgery. Physical therapy will try to help the patient gain some independence through stretching, flexibility exercises and range–of–motion activities. Occupational therapy will help with the development of skills to perform daily life activities. Most of the time they will focus on strengthening their hands and fingers since they are not able to move the majority of their bodies. A benefit of doing this therapy is that it will improve the patient's learning abilities, which will make a significant change in their lives. Another type of therapy is speech therapy, which aims to improve basic language and vocabulary development. It is crucial that a patient of cerebral palsy knows how to communicate with their caregivers or anyone who can provide help to them. Fortunately, there is also medication that can help the patients with their condition. Benzodiazepines can be prescribed to alleviate muscle stiffness; Diazepam is mostly used at treating stiffness of the legs. Patients can also undergo surgery; a highly recommended one is the Selective Doral Rhizotomy, which main goal is to relax the muscles and improve mobility in various ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 11. Essay about Cerebral Palsy Clinical Definition Cerebral palsy is a broad term recognizing any number of neurological disorders that typically develop either during pregnancy, during childbirth or early childhood until about the age of three. It permanently affects body movement and muscle coordination, though it never progress's over time. The word cerebral palsy is claimed from the combination of the defined terms cerebrum, referring to the damaged part of the brain, and palsy, referring to the disorder of a movement. Cerebral palsy describes a group of permanent disorders that affect the bodily posture and movement, affecting an individual's ability to be active, including disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behaviorally, by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Though, of those infants who were born above 2500 grams, 23 percent compared to just 15 percent of the infants who weighed less than 1000 grams were classified as being severely motor impaired (Surman, et al., 2009) showing that proportionally, premature babies have a higher risk of developing cerebral palsy than do normal infants, but have less risk associated with severe motor impairment. Determined by the SCPE, percentages pertaining to scores on IQ tests that classify one to be mentally retarded could actually be lower than what is known today. Scores could have been taken from children who took the test inaccurately, depending if a modified version of the test was given to them because of physical or communicational limitations (Cerebral palsy, 2010). Diagnostic Criteria Typically, a doctor looks over many requirements before determining if an infant should be diagnosed. Of the requirements, the infant is tested by performing simple motor and reflex skills and is checked for symptoms including slower development than normal seen in babies, unusual body posture and abnormal muscle tone. The reflex test cues an automated response from the body when provoked. In newborns, the Moro reflex is a gesture performed by a baby that resembles a small child lifting their arms to a parent to either be picked up or ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 12. Research Paper On Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is a congenital disorder of the movement, muscle tone, and posture of your body. This disease is common among Americans. Over 200,000 cases have been diagnosed in the United States each year. CP requires a medical diagnosis, some symptoms to look for are exaggerated reflexes, floppy or rigid limbs, and involuntary motions. These symptoms may most likely appear in the early years of a child. Cerebral Palsy most often affects the muscles, such as the person will experience difficulty walking, problems with coordination, muscle weakness, and muscle spasms. CP will also affect a child's ability to develop, such as slow growth, or a learning disability. CP can also affect the way you speak, for example you could develop a stutter, or speech disorder.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Long term treatment of CP includes physical and other therapies. It also includes medications, and sometimes surgery. Physical therapy plays a big role in dealing with CP, because it can teach you how to deal with this disorder in a way that some medications may not be able to. Surgery may be very rare to do to a person with CP, because it would only be necessary if the person is paralyzed. The surgery would be called a gastrostomy, and it would include having a feeding tube that reaches your stomach, if you are unable to eat on your own. Cerebral palsy does tie into the nervous system, because of how it is caused. It is caused by an abnormal development of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 13. Cerebral Palsy Definition Cerebral Palsy – DrMdYasin Cerebral palsy is known as a neurological disorder which results from non–progressive injury of brain which occurs when the brain of a child is under development. Cerebral Palsy mainly affects the movement of body and coordination of muscles. Cerebral Palsy can be defined however, having it does not define the patient suffering from this condition. Defining Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is a blanket term also commonly known as "CP" and defined by the impairment or loss of motor function. It is a condition which results from damage of brain. Damage of brain is a result of injury of brain or the abnormal brain development which takes place when the brain of a child is developing – prior to its birth, during its birth ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 14. Spastic Cerebral Palsy Spastic cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that unfolds in the developing brain – either right before birth or shortly after, typically before the child turns one year of age. Head injuries that occur several weeks after birth may also cause spastic cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy makes up roughly eighty percent of all cerebral palsy cases, since there are other types; spastic is considered to be the most common. Spastic cerebral palsy causes neuromuscular mobility impairment meaning that there is a lack in connection between the nerves and muscles. The two parts of the brain affected by spastic cerebral palsy are the cerebral motor cortex and the white matter. The cerebral motor cortex is responsible for movement, hearing, speech, thinking, visual processing etc. Therefore if the cerebral motor cortex is damaged then all those previously listed may be affected. White matter is responsible for transmitting signals to the body, consequently if it is damaged, nerve signals are interrupted. (Common Parts of the Brain Affected by Cerebral Palsy.) Spastic cerebral palsy carries many symptoms which include muscle spasticity/stiffness, joint contracture, paralysis, seizures, dysarthria, difficulty eating/swallowing, drooling, irregular breathing (respiratory problems), unsteady gait, learning disabilities, hearing/eyesight problems, slower growth than average, scoliosis, bowel problems, or urinary incontinence. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.) Spastic ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 15. Cerebral Palsy Research Paper We decided to research suit therapy in the context of cerebral palsy. Suit therapy is a system of rubber bands, hooks, and rings that connect a vest, shorts, kneepads, and specially connected shoes (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams 2009). There are bungee type cords that continue to tighten and adjust in order to "mimic normal flexor and extensor patterns of major muscle groups in an attempt to correct abnormal alignment" (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams 2009). Wearing the suit along with intensive physical therapy, and active motor participation by the patient for a certain amount of time and frequency is meant to retrain the brain what normal muscle movement is and improve sensory and proprioceptive information (McMahon, Pruitt & Vargus–Adams... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... While the article includes a lot of information about cerebral palsy, for the purposes of obtaining information that is pertinent to suit therapy, we will focus on their definitions of cerebral palsy and some of its symptoms. The CDC is a government organization that backs research on many different diseases and disorders affecting people, making it a credible source to gather facts. A working definition of cerebral palsy and its symptoms is needed to achieve this and the CDC provides that along with other information. The CDC defines cerebral palsy as "a group of disorders that affects a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture" (2015). It goes further into describing that cerebral means having to do with the brain and palsy means weakness or issues using muscles (2015). Therefore, in order for suit therapy to really treat what is at the root of cerebral palsy, both the brain and the muscles. If it is found that suit therapy only treats one of those two areas that cerebral palsy affects, then it is not a truly holistic treatment that treats cerebral palsy as a whole. Symptoms vary from case to case, and the CDC says that some people with cerebral palsy will only have minor symptoms and not need any adaptive equipment for mobility, but others may never be able to walk or be mobile by themselves and need lifelong care (2015). The CDC is a well researched, and reliable source of information in which only professionals can edit their articles. The authors, therefore, must be objective, as they are stating facts, and are unbiased in the way they present them. This text's contribution to our research about suit therapy is that it gives a solid foundation as to what ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 16. Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study Cerebral Palsy Definition Cerebral palsy encompasses developmental disorders that limit the movement and posture of the growing child. They are due to disturbances of the human brain that occurred before, during or soon after birth (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). It is associated with motor problems, particularly of perception, communication, sensation, and behavior. Etiology There are prenatal, perinatal and post–natal causes of cerebral palsy that may cause a defective development of the brain. The prenatal causes include middle cerebral artery infarct which limits the flow of blood to some parts of the cerebral hemisphere and the infections with cytomegalovirus and rubella (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It reduces edema, strengthens muscles and controls pain during muscle contraction. Electrical stimulation encompasses three methods that include threshold electrical stimulation (TES), functional electric stimulation (FES) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). According to Cosmina, et al. (2012), electrical stimulation is effective in modulating spasticity by reorganizing the motor area of the brain. Besides, it enhances gait pattern and postural control. This is especially necessary for Diplegic children who present with abnormal gain and postural control (Elshafey & El–Feke, 2014). Electrical stimulation resets the tone balance of both the agonist and antagonist muscles of the limbs. It helps the affected children to regain balance and have control over their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 17. Cerebral Palsy Causes Causes Cerebral Palsy along with many other muscular disorders is caused because of neurological damage or mutations. This damage or underdevelopment can happen before, during, or right after the child is born. Doctors have discovered that Cerebral Palsy is not a genetic or hereditary disease but "researchers have discovered that hereditary factors can predispose an individual to Cerebral Palsy" (My Child at Cerebral Palsy, 2016). Genetic wise there is only potential influences that could affect this disease. The main cause is damage to the developing brain. Depending on how damaged the brain is it determines how advanced and severe their child's Cerebral Palsy will be. These damages could include "prenatal disturbances of brain
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  • 19. Cerebral Palsy Research Paper Permobil Wheelchairs Standout in the Crowd "This is just wonderful," said Vicki Miller as she watched her son Joey run around Delco Park with friends. "He finally has the freedom to run like other kids." Joey Miller is a typical 8–year–old boy. He loves playing videos and spending time with friends, but never wants to eat his vegetables. Unlike other little boys, Joey was born two months premature and has Cerebral Palsy (CP). According to www.cerebralpalsy.org, Cerebral Palsy is a condition that affects body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, posture and balance. "I was told when Joey was born that he would never run and play like other kids, but his Permobil standing wheelchair has changed all of that. He just loves it." ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 20. Cerebral Palsy Summary Summary of Scholarly Research: Parents' Understanding of Play for Children with Cerebral Palsy The article that I chose to summarize titled "Parents' Understanding of Play for Children with Cerebral Palsy" (Graham, Truman, & Holgate, 2015) explores the different ways in which children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) engage in play and the ways in which parents of these children perceive, facilitate, and are affected by their childs ability to play. This topic was of interest to me because I will soon be embarking on a fieldwork experience where I will be working with the pediatric population. I feel that parental involvement is an integral part of therapy for children and would like to gain a better understanding of how to better enable parents to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Some expressed feelings of guilt or jealousy as a result of being unable to leave their child to play individually or with other children (Graham, et al., 2015), or guilt related to not incorporating therapy into play (Graham, et al., 2015). Nevertheless, parents also communicated that they coped with the burden of play by recruiting others to help facilitate their childs participation in play in order for the parent to carry out daily tasks (Graham, et al., 2015). With respect to expanding the concept of play, vicarious play and play through communication were described by parents (Graham, et al., 2015). For example, one parent described her child engaging by watching other children play and commenting on their actions (Graham, et al., 2015). She perceived that her child felt fully involved in the play even though she was not physically participating (Graham, et al., 2015). Concerning therapy and play, some parents felt that the two concepts were intertwined, while other parents saw therapy and play as being completely separate (Graham, et al., 2015). Automatic incorporation of therapy into play was also described by the participants (Graham, et al., 2015). For example, parents would naturally think of elements such as positioning or bilateral movements ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 21. Causes Of Cerebral Palsy Causes of Cerebral palsy Brain injury or brain malformation that occurs before, during, or immediately after birth while the infant's brain is under development will cause the baby to cerebral palsy. Every case of cerebral palsy is different and individual. This is classify in the type of trauma, extent of injury, and the timing of trauma to the developing brain. 92% cases of cerebral palsy in the Australia is causes by the brain injury occurs either in the uterus (while the mother is pregnant) or before 1 month of age. Stroke is the most common cause in babies who acquire cerebral palsy after 1 month of age. The stroke may occur spontaneously or arise from surgical or heart complications. Researchers believe there are three main problems that can affect the brain ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Experts believe that lack of oxygen may have caused destruction of the unborn baby's brain cells. PVL may have been caused by the pregnant mother catching an infection, such as rubella (German measles), having very low blood pressure, giving birth too early (premature birth), or consuming an illegal drug during the pregnancy. Intracranial hemorrhage and stroke Intracranial hemorrhage is bleeding in the brain. This can be dangerous because the brain can be deprived of blood, which can cause parts of the brain to die – the build–up of blood itself can damage brain tissue. Intracranial hemorrhage is normally seen in babies born prematurely, although it sometimes occurs in unborn babies after they have had a stroke. Factors that increase the risk of an unborn baby having a stroke include pre–existing weaknesses or abnormalities in the baby's blood vessels or the mother's placenta. High blood pressure in the mother also increase the risk of unborn baby having a stroke. Also, mother having an infection during pregnancy, particularly pelvic inflammatory disease (an infection of the female upper genital ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 22. A Term Paper On Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is a condition noticeable by impaired muscle coordination and/or other disabilities, typically caused by damage to the brain before or at birth. Cerebral Palsy normally affects body movements and muscle coordination. Cerebral Palsy is defined as loss of impairment of motor skills and it is actually caused by brain damage. This damage is caused by brain damage or abnormal development of the brain that occurs while a child's brain is still developing. This can occur before, during, or immediately after birth. Because Cerebral Palsy affects the body's movements, it affects muscle coordination, muscle tone, muscle control, posture, reflex, and balance. It also can affect the oral, fine, and gross motor skills. Individuals with Cerebral ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Muscles can contract too much or too little, or all at the same time. Because limbs can be stiff and/or forced into very awkward and very painful positions, fluctuating contractions can make limbs shake, tremble, or twist. Things such as walking, sitting, or grasping things might be difficult to someone with Cerebral Palsy because it affects posture, balance, and coordination. Other impairments also are commonly associated with Cerebral Palsy are seizures, vision or hearing impairment, and intellectual impairment. Cases of CP vary according to the individual. For example, a person may be completely paralyzed and need around the clock care opposed to someone with partial paralysis and only may only need little assistance. This also has to do with the type and the timing it occurred to the brains development. Cerebral Palsy is not a life threatening disorder but it is also not curable. Cerebral Palsy is a non–progressive disorder. It is a one–time brain injury and it does not further degenerate the brain. Although it is not progressive, it is a permanent disorder. Unfortunately, the brain cannot heal itself like other parts of the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 23. Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Society Cerebral palsy is a broad term used to describe a group of nonprogressive neurological disorders that impair voluntary movement (NINDS Cerebral Palsy, 2016). It is caused by malformation or damage to the brain during pregnancy or shortly after birth. The exact cause of cerebral palsy is difficult to establish, but often damage to the brain is attributed by prematurity, low birth weight, blood clotting, lack of oxygen, or stroke. Cerebral palsy may affect different areas of the brain causing varying symptoms among individuals; however, cerebral palsy always has some sort of impact on muscle coordination and movement (What is Cerebral Palsy?, 2015). Cameron is a lively, bright 17–year–old with a love for cars, airplanes, and sports. He enjoys talking on the phone and seems to make friends wherever he goes. Although Cameron is a typical teenager interested in sports and girls, he realizes there are obstacles that prevent him from participating in typical activities of a teenage boy, but Cameron only wishes to be treated as an equal among his peers. Cameron has a spastic quadriplegia form of cerebral palsy and is confined to a wheelchair. He is unable to read or write, but communicates fairly well with only slight difficulty in speech. Cameron's mother knew something was terribly wrong when she began to have contractions at only twenty–three weeks pregnant. She was rushed to the hospital and told Cameron would not survive. Although she felt the pressure to push, the doctor ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 24. Cerebral Palsy Essay Cerebral palsy, also known as CP, is quite prevalent in today's society and continues to be the most common physical disability. It is estimated that about one in every 400 children born in a developed country will have cerebral palsy (Aspinall, 2007). In the United States, it is estimated that nearly 800,000 children and adults could be exhibiting some symptoms of the condition (Aspinall, 2007). Despite medical advances all over the world, newborn children and infants continue to be diagnosed with this condition and there seems to be no decline in numbers over the years (Aspinall, 2007). The exact cause of cerebral palsy remains unknown to this day. However, there are many factors that can cause CP such as meningitis, bleeding into the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... There are three main types of cerebral palsy. The first type of CP is that of Spastic Cerebral Palsy and it is often accompanied with a weakness and stiffness in muscles (Aspinall, 2007). Therefore, movements are much harder to perform and to control. Muscle weakness will sometimes make it impossible for some people to stand or move on their own while muscle stiffness prevents many to fully extend their limbs. Spastic CP is the most common type of CP in the world, and nearly eighty percent of all CP cases are of this type (Aspinall, 2007). The second type of CP is that of Athetoid Cerebral Palsy and it is caused by damage to the cerebellum and the basal ganglia (Aspinall, 2007). When damage occurs in these areas movements and body posture are affected greatly and both are less coordinated (Colledge, 1999). Moreover, the imbalance caused by the damage to these areas result in problems with speech, eating, and picking up objects (Aspinall, 2007). Nearly ten percent of all CP cases are those of Athetoid CP (Aspinall 2007). The third type of CP is that of Ataxic Cerebral Palsy. Ataxic children are usually shaky and have a poor sense of balance as well as bad depth perception (Aspinall, 2007). However, a child with Ataxic CP may have a chance of living an independent life if therapy is started at a young age. Cerebral palsy is not a curable disease (Petry, 2007). However, some treatment will often time's enhance a child's capabilities. Although this ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 25. Cerebral Palsy Essay examples Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy (CP) is brain damage. It cannot be cured, it is not contagious, it is not a disease, and it does not get worse. According to Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, "Cerebral Palsy is a broad term for various nonprogressive disorders of motor function in people, resulting from brain damage around the time of birth. Damage to the brain could occur before, during, or shortly after birth"("Cerebral"). Since the damage is done during the brain's formation, and occurs in the part of the brain that controls motor and muscle functions, people with CP might have problems with motor skills, muscle tone, muscle weakness, reflexes, balance, excessive drooling, difficulties swallowing or speaking, shaking, tremors, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Because CP describes a group of neurological and physical abnormalities, people affected by the disorder may have other neurological and physical problems. CP may not be noticeable at birth. Children with CP develop predictable developmental milestones slowly because of their motor impairments, and these delays in reaching milestones are usually the first symptoms (Gale Enc). Doctors diagnose CP by checking the infant's motor skills, looking for developmental delays, and considering the child's medical history. Many Doctors use the Early Motor Pattern Profile (EMPP) to help in their evaluations. The EMPP indicates variations in muscle tone, reflexes, and movement and is used to identify children during the first year of life who are at risk for the development of CP. The EMPP can be done during a routine office visit. Observation and minimal handling can detect abnormal motor patterns, making it quick and inexpensive. EMPP is the beginning of evaluation and intervention ("Early" 692). CP is a neurological disorder affecting motor control. It is the most common physical disability in childhood. It is a lifelong condition that varies from person to person. It can be very mild or extremely severe. There is no known cure, and the cause is not completely understood. The four main categories of CP are spastic, athetoid, ataxic, and mixed. Spastic is stiff and difficult movement. Athetoid is involuntary and uncontrolled movement. Ataxic is a disturbed sense of balance and ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 26. Cerebral Palsy Papers Cerebral palsy affects a part of the brain that helps to control the body's muscle movements. This is a disorder that permanently will affect the body's movement and/or speech. In most of the children who have cerebral palsy are born with it right after birth. Cerebral palsy starts in infancy. One person can have more effective cerebral palsy from another person. For example; a boy can have the effects of not being able to walk or talk in a preposterous way where as a girl could have the effect of not being able to walk good but can still talk normally. Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy are different, there are many kinds of symptoms that can occur. People who experiance with cerebral palsy have exaggerated reflexes, a lack of muscle coordination caused by tightness and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... You cannot tell if a child has cerebral palsy during pregnancy. It happens before, during or after birth however; sometime this can not be discovered until month or maybe even up to 3 years after the child's birth. In most cases children are usually diagnosed right after birth. The parents of the child with this disease will start to notice things that are off a little more than usual. When a child starts missing a growth factor the parent may not think its cerebral palsy right away. They will just think that this childs is a slow start but will catch up soon. Bur right away parents should take their child to the doctor when they notice something is off. Signs that a baby has cerebral palsy can be they feel floppy when you pick them up from a low muscle tone, they are not able to hold their head up when lying on their stomach or sitting up on their own, they will have difficulty eating their food, and they will have a delayed development such as not being able to sit up on their own or roll over. Cerebral palsy is not deernative! Dernative means that his disease will not get worse over time after a child is diagnosed with ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 27. Speech On Cerebral Palsy Introduction "Cerebral Palsy for me, is both a blessing and a curse. Yes, it's a disability pero (but) it helps me discover myself more. Like this, I like being on solo dates. But it's also a curse because the people who don't understand my condition will only tease me and I can't do anything or I'm unable to do anything." – Saiya The cerebral palsies (CP) are a heterogeneous group of motor disorders that are non–progressive developed in the brain. [3] According to the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention, studies that are population–based from all over the world reports the prevalence of cerebral palsy 1.5 to more than 4 per 1000 live births or children of a defined age range. [5] In the continent of Asia, the prevalence of Cerebral ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... "Ayoko rin mag meds, kasi natatakot ako sa side–effects. Ayun. Parang, okay na akong may kausap ako." G.Summarize the Result of Exammination Management Outcome The client has gone through an incomplete form of physical therapy. Physical therapy for the condition of cerebral palsy includes exercises and stretches that are aimed to stimulate mobility. This sets up physical fitness while maintaining a minimum of injury or accidents. However, Saiya did not receive the full treatment of physical therapy and could not attain its full benefits. Otherwise, the client's care is usually self–made where she would be in activities that help her both physically and psychologically whether in a school setting or otherwise. H.Refer to Objective Measures of Client's Progress The client's lack of professional medical care has deteriorated her mobility on her lower body, stating that she once had been able to move her feet in circles but could not do so today. Despite this, Saiya maintains a healthy life where she is active in her school and outside educational activities. Her classmates would comment that despite her condition, she is fully capable of high articulation and recitation while also being competitive in a friendly
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  • 29. Cerebral Palsy Essay Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is a generic term that is applied to a non–progressive motor disorder. Approximately (2).% of children born today will have some form of cerebral palsy (CP). There are four main categories in which CP disorders are placed. First, Spastic syndromes due to upper motor neuron involvement are representative of 70% of CP cases (8). Subgroups of this include hemiplegia (21%), quadriplegia (27%), and diplegia (21%), which is a mixture of quadriplegia and paraplegia (8). The hemiplegics of this group often have mild or less severe speech impediments than the other subgroups (8). Second, athetoid and dyskinetic syndromes occur in about 20% of the cases (8). This group has the slow, writhing movements and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Most of the remaining CP patients with "normal intelligence" have perceptual problems and must be placed in learning disability classes (3). Several theories have been given as to the cause of CP. These include; neonatal jaundice, genetics, infections of infancy, neonatal asphyxia, and birth trauma. Neonatal jaundice causes bilirubin encephalopathy (kirnicterus) which is not common today with Rh immunization and other clinical advances that prevent the massive lysis of child RBC's (3). Genetic causes of CP have been linked to an autosomal recessive gene in a few cases of the ataxic diplegia form (4). Infancy attributions include head trauma and meningitis (3). The original thought was that CP was a result of birth trauma and the physician's competence was a large factor in the incidence of CP. It appears that only 6% of CP cases are due from intrapartum events but most of these seemed to originate their etiology from prenatal or postnatal factors (5). This conclusion comes from the fact that CP children had similar Apgar scores except for acidosis of the veins in approximately 18% of the CP children compared to 0 in normal children (5). This may be due to a lack of equipment to actually diagnose the acidosis, especially in cerebral acidosis. Also, C–sections do not protect against CP and are not advised unless they are normally applicable (5). Another study found ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 30. Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study Cerebral Palsy Definition Cerebral palsy encompasses developmental disorders that limit the movement and posture of the growing child. They are due to disturbances of the human brain that occurred before, during or soon after birth (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). It is associated with motor problems, particularly of perception, communication, sensation, and behavior. Etiology There are prenatal, perinatal and post–natal causes of cerebral palsy that may cause a defective development of the brain. The prenatal causes include middle cerebral artery infarct which limits the flow of blood to some parts of the cerebral hemisphere and the infections with cytomegalovirus and rubella (Beaman, Kalisperis, & Miller–Skomorucha, 2013). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It reduces edema, strengthens muscles and controls pain during muscle contraction. Electrical stimulation encompasses three methods that include threshold electrical stimulation (TES), functional electric stimulation (FES) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). According to Cosmina, et al. (2012), electrical stimulation is effective in modulating spasticity by reorganizing the motor area of the brain. Besides, it enhances gait pattern and postural control. This is especially necessary for Diplegic children who present with abnormal gain and postural control (Elshafey & El–Feke, 2014). Electrical stimulation resets the tone balance of both the agonist and antagonist muscles of the limbs. It helps the affected children to regain balance and have control over their ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 31. Cerebral Palsy Essay Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent pediatric movement disorder [1] and often results in pathological gait patterns that emerge during development and persist throughout life. More effective and sustainable treatments are needed for gait rehabilitation in CP. Wearable exoskeletons provide an untapped resource. A robotic exoskeleton that provides knee extension assistance was demonstrated to improve walking in children with crouch gait from CP [1]. The full effect of exoskeleton assistance on volitional actions of the user during walking remains unknown; however, active participation in concert with assistance is vital for successful motor rehabilitation [2]. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the feasibility of utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) to quantify the effect of exoskeleton assistance on cortical activity during walking. Recent studies have used EEG to measure cortical activity during walking in healthy populations [3, 4] but it has not been applied in those with CP or to determine the effect of robotic assistance at a single joint,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... After practice walking with the exoskeleton in three initial visits (lasting 2–3 hours each), data was collected on the fourth visit under three conditions: treadmill walking with the exoskeleton providing knee extension assistance during stance and late swing phase (exo condition) and providing zero assistive torque (free condition) , and a rest condition during which participants stood still with eyes open. 64–channel EEG was collected using a wireless, active electrode EEG system (Brain Products, Morrisville, NC) at 1000 Hz. Lower extremity kinematics and gait events were recorded at 100 Hz using a Vicon MX motion capture system (Vicon, Denver, CO) ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 32. Essay on Cerebral palsy Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy refers to a group of chronic disorders that involve degrees of brain damage that affect body control and movement. The term cerebral refers to the brain, while palsy describes a disorder that impairs the control of body movement. These disorders are not the result of muscles or nerves problems. Instead, they are due to impaired motor areas in the brain that disrupt its ability to control movement and posture. The condition typically appears within the first few years of life and it is not marked by regression. (Mecham, 1986) Cerebral Palsy can either be present before birth, can occur during the delivery process, or can even develop up to several years after a child is born. The disorder is most commonly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... More severe symptoms in children with cerebral palsy may result in basically no muscle control, greatly affecting their lives." (Cogher, Savage & Smith, 1992) There are some individuals that suffer a mild cerebral palsy form. Many people do not know that mild cerebral palsy exists because the symptoms of this cerebral palsy form are subtler and mild cerebral palsy patients are able to lead "normal" lives. Since cerebral palsy is caused from brain damage, the severity of the cerebral palsy is dependent upon how much brain damage exists. With mild cerebral palsy, as the name indicates the damage suffered has been minimal. Sometimes, mild cerebral palsy patients cause other disorders to occur. The way that these disorders affect the mild cerebral palsy individual can be mild or severe, requiring the mild cerebral palsy patient to need more treatment. Since every mild cerebral palsy patient is affected in his/her own way, developing an individualized mild cerebral palsy treatment plan is required. There are many different types of cerebral palsy. "Types of cerebral palsy are classified by the type of movement problems caused by brain impairment, or by the parts of the body that are affected." (Mecham, 1986) The four types of cerebral palsy that indicate motor disability include: spastic, ataxic, athetoid and mixed cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy causes movements to be stiff or difficult to execute. In these ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 33. Cerebral Palsy Essay Cerebral palsy is the term given to a general group of nonspecific neuromuscular disorders that cause behavioral abnormalities. The condition was originally thought to be caused by asphyxia and trauma during pregnancy; however, through extensive research many divisions of cerebral palsy emerged. Such categories include spastic, athetoid, and ataxic cerebral palsy. Today over half a percent of the worlds population is subject to this condition of the brain. Two to four out of a thousand are affected in the industrialized United States; however, with the introduction of new preventive measures the numbers of cerebral palsy victims born each year are expected to decline. (Anee Stanford, General Information about Cerebral Palsy, page 1&2) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... (Britannica.com, Cerebral Palsy, page 1) Cerebral palsy is a general name for an extensive set of disorders caused by brain damage before or shortly after the first two years of birth. The three major forms include spastic, athetoid, and ataxic cerebral palsy. It is also not uncommon for victims to suffer from mixed type cerebral palsy that has variations of two or more of the other classifications. (Grolier Encyclopedia, Cerebral Palsy, pages 1&2) Of the individuals with cerebral palsy six out of the ten will have the spastic form. Symptoms include noticeably reduced movement caused by stiff or permanently contracted muscles. Spastic cerebral palsy results from damaged nerve fibers that carry impulses for voluntary motor control. Another form of cerebral palsy that accounts for about two in ten of all the cases is the athetoid type. Symptoms include uncontrolled movements due to damage to brain nerve fibers responsible for inhibition of muscle movements. Finally, the ataxic type of cerebral palsy, which accounts for only one in a hundred cases is associated with difficulty in coordination while walking and other limb movements. This is caused by injury to the cerebellum, the area of the brain responsible for skeletal muscle control and balance. (James Blackman, Cerebral Palsy, page 2) Since ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 34. Essay on Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy According to the website www.cpal/geocities.org, I found some valuable information to help me with my report about exceptionalities in students. This website was almost like a tutorial that walked step by step through the disability, causes, and treatments. I found that in definition the words Cerebral Palsy are used to describe a medical condition that affects control of the muscles. Cerebral means anything in the head and palsy refers to anything wrong with control of the muscles or joints in the body. If someone has cerebral palsy it means that because of an injury to their brain (that's the cerebral part) they are not able to use some of the muscles in their body in the normal way (that's the palsy part). Children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Changes in muscle tone let us move. In this website I also learned that there are several types of CP. I wrote the different types below to help understand each one individually. 1. Spastic Cerebral Palsy If muscle tone is too high or too tight, the term spastic is used to describe the type of cerebral palsy. Children with spastic CP have stiff and jerky movements because their muscles are too tight. They often have a hard time moving from one position to another or letting go of something in their hand. This is the most common type of CP. About half of all people with CP have spastic CP. 2. Ataxic Cerebral Palsy Low muscle tone and poor coordination of movements is described as ataxic CP. Kids with ataxic CP look very unsteady and shaky. They have a lot of shakiness, like a tremor you might have seen in a very old person, especially when they are trying to do something like write or turn a page or cut with scissors. They also often have very poor balance and may be very unsteady when they walk. Because of the shaky movements and problems coordinating their muscles, kids with ataxic CP may take longer to finish writing or art projects. 3. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy The term athetoid is used to describe the type of cerebral palsy when muscle tone is mixed – sometimes too high and sometimes too low. Children with athetoid CP have trouble holding
  • 35. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 36. Cerebral Palsy Research Paper Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that has a permanent affect a person's movement. Cerebral palsy is occurs because there is an injury to some part of the brain and because of that it is hard for messages from the brain to communicate to the muscles. When the brain is forming during pregnancy and there is some disturbance but can also develop shortly after birth and even up into early childhood. These injuries can be located on any area of the brain and that is why Cerebral Palsy looks different for every person that has it. One of the most common stereotypes against people with cerebral palsy is many people assume that they cannot do things for themselves. Once a person find out that someone has a disability they automatically ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... He ruled for 6 years towards the end of the 19th dynasty (1196–1190 B.C), dying at the age of 20 (the average age for CP patients)." The term palsy comes from Greek origin and come from terns like paralysis or paraplegia. In 130 A.D the word palsy was used by a physician named Galino to describe people with weakness or necrosis of their nerves. There is no cure for those who have cerebral palsy there are only ways to manage their condition by trying to improve muscle control though rehabilitation therapy. "Active management of spasticity is needed to prevent painful contractures and deformities and promote optimal function. This management generally is provided by multidisciplinary teams that include physical therapists, orthopedic surgeons, and physiatrists. Physical therapy, which is uniformly utilized for cerebral palsy has not been subjected to randomized trials, but is widely accepted as a component of standard management"( OКјshea, T.). Some people have more severe cases of cerebral palsy and may have other conditions such as hearing loss, mental retardation, and inability to speak. When they have mutilple conditions it may make imporvemtn in rehabiiltion therapy much harder to ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 37. Cerebral Palsy And Synthesis Essay Background Cerebral palsy (CP) is a perpetual disorder of posture and movement caused by damage to the developing brain. Aside from cognitive, behavioral dysfunctions, and sensory, speech impairment occurs with the motor disorder, mostly in the manner of dysarthria. SchГ¶lderle, Staiger, Lampe, & Ziegler (2013) reports that assumption is made that several underlying pathologies of a motor disorder in CP types similarly influence speech motor control and resembles distinct dysarthria syndromes. Cerebral palsy that is classified as neurologic is established on the primary motor deficit disturbing the extremities. Moreover, spastic CP accounts for 88% of the cases, while the other subtypes ataxic CP, dyskinetic CP, and mixed are less frequent. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Furthermore, the contrast whether dysarthria disorders of CP, if they occur, correlates to the corresponding dysarthria disorders acquired in adulthood. Additionally, CP adults have a past of extremely compromised motor speech acquisition; their disorder types could differ from the types identified in populations with dysarthria. As such SchГ¶lderle et al., (2013) set out to identify the different pathologies of motor speech disorder affecting adulthood acquired dysarthria and cerebral palsy and the relations to corresponding with the two. Research Question SchГ¶lderle et al., (2013) conducted a study to (a) classify dysarthria disorders in cerebral palsy about corresponding dysarthria disorder acquired in adulthood and (b) investigate if pathologies of motor disorder affecting the extremities in different CP types have a comparable impact on speech, manifesting in corresponding dysarthria syndromes. ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 38. Cerebral Palsy And Its Effects On Society Cerebral Palsy Cerebral palsy (often known as CP) is a term that broadly covers a number of conditions in which a person has an impairment of their motor function. Though motor skills are essential in living a normal lifestyle, living with CP is completely manageable in today's modern world. Currently, there is no definite cure to offset the symptoms of CP, but there are a number of treatments that can mitigate the various effects of the condition. In this paper, I would like to discuss the effects of cerebral palsy, the treatments involved, quality of life for those who are affected, and future research regarding the condition. A spastic form of paralysis, cerebral palsy is notable because the muscles of an affected body are involuntarily contracting, causing random spasms in every day movement. Cerebral palsy affects about 1 in 323 children in America, making it the most common motor disability in children living in America (CDC). Due to it being caused by brain injury or brain malformation, most individuals with Cerebral Palsy are born with it, while a minority of those affected can acquire it later on in life (CerebralPalsy). Impairments resulting from CP vary on a case by case basis, though it usually correlates on the amount of brain damage that is present in the individual (CerebralPalsy). Symptoms of cerebral palsy can include stiffness in muscles, variations in muscle tone, a lack in muscle coordination, and many others (Mayo Clinic). These symptoms be relatively ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 39. Causes And Prevention Of Cerebral Palsy Introduction Cerebral Palsy is used to define a group of neurological disorders that indefinitely affect an individual's motility and muscle coordination as well as impair their communication and their cognition (Granild–Jensen 931). Affecting approximately 2 out of every 1,000 live births, Cerebral Palsy remains "the most common cause of motor impairment in children" (Granild–Jensen 931). Despite how commonplace it is, there is currently no cure. While it can have a variety of adverse effects, measures can be taken to treat and manage them so that patients may live a relatively normal life. Causes and Prevention Although Cerebral Palsy is described as a loss of motor function, it is actually a disorder of the brain and results from sustained damage, typically on a developing fetal brain. The disorder itself can vary depending on the "timing of the lesion, the clinical presentation, and the site and severity of the impairments" (Colver 1240). This means that the stage of development that is in progress when damage occurs can alter the outcomes of the disorder. It is important to note that every case of cerebral palsy is exclusive to a patient. Someone who has a milder case for example may only suffer from sporadic muscle spasms and contractions. Others may suffer from a form that induces epilepsy and scoliosis or might cause complete or partial paralysis. While most individuals who have the condition are born with it, it is difficult to ascertain the exact cause in most ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 40. Essay Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a condition that affects thousands of people each year. An estimated 764,000 children and adults are afflicted with one or more symptoms of CP. Around 8,000 infants and babies are diagnosed each year and 1,200–1,500 preschool age children are recognized with symptoms of CP (www.ucp.org). This condition is caused by "abnormal development of areas of the brain that control movement and posture" (www.ucp.org). It can also be caused by damage to the brain (usually because of head injury during the birthing process) or diseases/infections the mother has during pregnancy such as German measles, rubella, bacterial meningitis, or viral encephalitis. Other risk factors may be the loss of too much oxygen during birth... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... It can be quite difficult for the patient to use the muscles needed for speech; this is called dysarthria (www.ucp.org). A lesser –known type of CP that affects 5–10% of patients is called ataxic CP (www.ucp.org). This form affects the patients' sense of balance leaving them with poor coordination. It is difficult for them to move quickly or make specific movements. Writing and buttoning their own shirt can be a difficult task for people with ataxic CP. A tremor in the body part they are attempting to use can be present as well. CP can also be present as a mixed form. This means the patient can have a combination of each of the previous forms. There are many challenges that come with being diagnosed with any type of cerebral palsy. Children with CP may have a problem controlling the muscles in their mouth. Things we take for granted such as eating and talking can be very difficult for children with CP. They may need assistance eating and may use other forms of communication. Problems with breathing can also affect the child's ability to speak. Some children with CP also have seizures or convulsions. This can be a result of abnormal brain activity. These seizures can completely interrupt their activity. They can stare off in space or lose complete control of their body. Medication is prescribed to those that need it. Children with ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 41. Cerebral Palsy Case Study The story of Team Hoyt is considered one of the greatest beloved stories of all time. It is a story of love, struggle, and bonding between a father and his son. Richard (Rick) Eugene Hoyt Jr. was born on January 10, 1962 in Holland, Massachusetts. At birth, Rick's umbilical cord became twisted around his neck, which cuased the blockage of oxygen flow. This means that Rick's brain is not sending the correct messages to his muscles. As a result of oxygen deprivation, Rick Hoyt was diagnosed as a spastic quadriplegic with cerebral palsy. Cerebral Palsy is considered a neurological disorder cuased by a non–progressive brain injury or malformation that occurs while the child's brain is under development. Cerebral Palsy affects body movement, muscle control, muscle coordination, muscle tone, reflex, posture and balance. It can also impact an individuals fine motor skills, gross motor skills, and oral motor functioning. Every case of cerebral palsy is unique to the individual. When a parent learns his or her child has cerebral palsy, they begin to define and understand it. The doctors told Rick's parents, Richard and Judy Hoyt, that Rick would never be able to walk or talk. The doctors insisted that they institutionalize their son and forget about him. Richard Hoyt did not like what the doctors had to say. Richard was a father on a mission. His plan is to take Rick home and bring him up like any other child. Richard and Rick's accomplishments are inspiring not only to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... I compare Richard and Rick Hoyt to many superheroes. Superheroes are models for us, and they are modeled after us. Rick's inspiring story encourages people to follow their dreams, no matter the obsticles they have. I have suffered depression and axiety for the last several years due to my military background. I will foerever remember this story to help me in my life. This story inspired me so ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 42. Cerebral Palsy Definition Essay A Crippling Fate Imagine a life without the ability to walk, that's what my brother deals with everyday. He suffers from a condition called Cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is caused by brain damage before or during birth, resulting in a loss of voluntary muscle control and coordination (Cerebral palsy). This affected my brother's legs making him wheelchair bound for the rest of his life. One may think this was horrible, but with the disease there comes several other complications. When my brother was born he weighed two pounds seven ounces, combine his prematurity plus lack of oxygen and he got the disease. By the age of sixteen he had four major surgeries, including a medial hamstring lengthening. As a result ofcerebral palsy his hamstrings were so tight he was unable to move them, this led to him having to have a procedure that would loosen and lengthen them. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... Doing this procedure relieved my brother's inability to relax his legs, but at the cost of being in extreme pain. The next few months were the hardest he would ever deal with. I can still envision coming home from school and hearing him scream in pain, this crushed me even at the tender age of ten. I may not of understood the severity of what was going on, but I knew that he had endured the worst of it and now was the good part, the part where he would be able to move more freely without agonizing pain. Dealing with these surgeries and the disease caused a ripple effect of how he had to be treated and taken care ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...
  • 43. Essay On Cerebral Palsy Cerebral Palsy is form of paralysis caused by brain defect or injury during birth. It is an impairment of muscular function and causes weakness to limbs. This is caused by lack of oxygen right after birth and is usually accompanied by learning disorders or mental retardation. Signs are easier to show your child has cerebral palsy because a child is diagnosed so early, they can't really show symptoms because they aren't developed enough. Symptoms is the way the child feels, which isn't visible until a little later in life. The earliest sign of Cerebral Palsy is a delay of development such as the delay in the ability to sit, crawl, or walk. Signs doctors will also look for are things like unusual posture or irregular muscle tone. A sign that causes doctors to immediately suggest your kid has Cerebral Palsy is a traumatic delivery. When diagnosing Cerebral Palsy, you want to make sure you receive the type and that you diagnose the other conditions such as speech problems that are also visible because of Cerebral Palsy. When a child is lacking certain developments that are suppose to occur when the child grows, physicians will observe through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ... These treatments are to improve or maintain their health. Some treatments such as physical therapy can help their muscles to get stronger, so it doesn't hurt as much to walk or is easier to walk since their muscles are used to it. Medications can help control symptoms, help your muscles to relax, or to help with the other conditions that might be occurring with Cerebral Palsy. Also, pain management can allow them to be able to cope with the pain, and improves their life because they don't have to deal with as much pain. Surgery may help with control of affected limbs for severe cases or you can use braces, casts , or splints to help keep up or improve the ability for the ... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...