Nationalism Is A Political Ideology Essay

Nationalism Is A Political Ideology Essay
INTRODUCTION: Nationalism is a political ideology. It generally involves the identification of a
state. According to Hans Kohn, " Nationalism is an idea, an idea–force which fills man's brain and
heart with new thoughts and sentiments and drives him to translate his consciousness into deeds of
organized action" (Agarwal, 1996). Usually we can see two forms of nationalism. One is liberal
nationalism and the other is aggressive nationalism. Because of liberal nationalism, different
countries of the world could achieve their independence. On the contrary, aggressive nationalism
creates danger for a country. World War I and World War II are examples of aggressive nationalism.
Liberal nationalism is concerned with justice or peace. On the other hand, aggressive nationalism is
concerned with injustice or war. Nationalism creates the national feelings in the minds of the people
of a country. With this national feeling, people of a country can make the cultural, political and
economic development. "Nationalism takes different forms at different stages of the process of
development of a nation or state"(Karim, 1992). There are different castes and religions in our
country. People of all castes and religions live together peacefully in our country because of liberal
nationalism. Bangladesh has a historical legacy of its nationalism. The people of Bangladesh had
started struggling for the independence from 1857. Lords of Britain had suppressed us a lot but we
did not lose our courage
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Culture of Bangladesh
 Introduction to the country: "Bangladesh" is a combination of the Bengali words, Bangla and
Desh, meaning the country or land where the Bangla language is spoken. The country formerly was
known as East Pakistan.  What is Culture: o The set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and
practices that characterizes an institution, organization or group. o The sum of attitudes, customs,
and beliefs that distinguishes one group of people from another. o Culture has been taken as
constituting the way of life of an entire society, including the codes of manners, language, rituals,
norms of behavior, and systems of belief.  Geographical location of Bangladesh: Bangladesh, a
country in South Asia, bordering the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Language differences mirror social and religious divisions. Bangla is divided into two fairly distinct
forms: sadhu basha, learned or formal language, and cholit basha, common language. Sadhu basha
is the language of the literate tradition, formal essays and poetry, and the well educated Cholit basha
is the spoken vernacular, the language of the great majority of Bengalis. There are also small usage
variations between Muslims and Hindus, along with minor vocabulary differences.  Symbolism:
The most important symbol of national identity is the Bangla language. The flag is a dark green
rectangle with a red circle just left of center. Green symbolizes the trees and fields of the
countryside; red represents the rising sun and the blood spilled in the 1971 war for liberation. The
national anthem was taken from a poem by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore and links a love of
the natural realm and land with the national identity.  Food in daily life: Rice and fish are the
foundation of the diet; a day without a meal with rice is nearly inconceivable. Fish, meats, poultry,
and vegetables are cooked in spicy curry ( torkari ) sauces that incorporate cumin, coriander, cloves,
cinnamon, garlic, and other spices. Muslims do not consume pork and Hindus do not consume beef.
Increasingly common is the preparation of ruti, a whole wheat circular flatbread, in the morning,
which is eaten with curries from the

BOOK REVIEW ON Emergence of a new nation In a multipolar...
BOOK REVIEW
ON
Emergence of a new nation
In a multipolar world: Bangladesh
Written by
Dr. Mizanur Rahman Shelly
Cover Page:
The Book at a Glance:
Title: Emergence of a new nation in a multipolar world: Bangladesh
Edition: 4th Expanded Edition, April'2007.
Published by: Academic Press & Publishers Library.
Cover Design by: Golam Kabir
Price: TK 375.00
ISBN:984–08–0147–3
All Pages are offset.
Dedication: To his wife and beloved sons.
About the Author:
Dr. Mizanur Rahman Shelly
Born in 1943, Munshigonj.
Social Scientist, Educationist and Literature. Joined CSP On 1967.
Was minister for information and later for irrigation, flood control and water resource development.
Has been working ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During 1953–1957 the United State was busily making collective security arrangements in an
attempt to recruit 'Allies' for her confrontation with the communist camp. In south–east Asia the
United State sponsor and encouraged the formation of SEATO (The South East Asian Treaty
Organization) and CENTO (The Central Treaty Organization).
The arrangement was originally viewed by the United States & Thailand as underpinning the
inherently with Geneva agreement which recognized the communist–ruled North Vietnam. CENTO
also began as a regional security grouping at the behest of Iraq and Britain, but the participation of
those northern states of Asia sharing frontiers with the Soviet Union such as Iran, Turkey, Pakistan

and the reinsurance, as it were, provided by the United Sates, made CENTO no less than SEATO, a
US weapon against her Global adversary, Soviet Union.
The birth of Bangladesh–the first state to be born in blood and fire in a polycentric world has been a
unique case, as the following analysis shows. There is hypothesis that political factors, rather than
economic, ethnic and cultural one, were catalyst of Bangladesh revolution.
Chapter –2
From autonomy to secession
1. A brief history about the Muslim rules in India from the late 1200 century to 1957 is described
here.

A Passage To India Character Analysis
A Passage to India
A Passage to India, by E.M. Forster is set in the 1920's where the British Empire controlled India
and apparently lead to the Indian independence movement. It took place in a small town in India
called Chandrapore. In the story there are two characters, Dr Aziz Ahmed who is a Indian Muslim
who is a window and works to a British Hospital. Also proclaiming that his religion is most
important to him which is Islam. Then there is Mrs. Moore who is a English lady visit his son who
is the City Magistrate of Chandrapore. She wanting her son to settle down and be marry. Upon their
meeting they form a friendship with deep connection and respectful of one another and each other's
way of life. However, there some conflict of how Dr. Aziz is treated even though he a doctor, like he
been treated like second class citizen by other
Anglo–Saxon people. Still, Mrs. Moore is different than the other, which that she treat Dr. Aziz
respectively. In A Passage to India, there was racism between the British and the Indians people.
Although, Mrs. Moore's relationship with Dr. Aziz is an example of how we should treat people
respectfully and different nations should respectfully treat other cultures. In chapter two, Dr. Aziz
was in a mosque reflected about life in India with his situation with the British people and Hindu
people. Suddenly a old English enter the mosque. Dr. Aziz was startled and said "Madam, this is a
mosque, you have no

Critical Analysis Of Agunpakhi
Agunpakhi, published in April 2008 is the first full fledged novel written by Hassan Ajizul Haque.
He was born in1939 in West Bengal and just after the completion of his school studies, his family
had to leave India for East Bengal to avoid any insidious after–effect of the partition. Atin
Bandyapadhaya and Sunanda Sikdar both left East Bengal for West Bengal but Ajizul Haque was
one, who left West Bengal for East Bengal. Ordinarily, the critics tend to take it as altogether a
feminist novel, but an in–depth study may bring out the truth that it is a tale of 'metamorphosis' or a
total transformation of a human self into a metaphorical phoenix, born out of the fire of riot. It's a
tale of a woman, who struggles within and ultimately is purified. She becomes bold and decisive to
denounce the so called geographical concepts of boundaries which break the human hearts and yield
unimaginable destitution and suffering. It raises some basic questions of humanism and shows ways
to 'bimukti' (liberation) of the human soul from all conflicts and ignorance. Agunpakhi is no simple
woman, but a part of a greater human civilization where each individual is given importance
according to his or her own choice. Accordingly, there are no direct actions of violence shown in the
text because violence, as its own, has no power at all. The Indian concept of humanism believes in
non–violence which is the best way to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The colloquial Bangla, ordinarily used by the Muslim communities in West Bengal, is used as the
language of the novel. There is very little intervention of the author of the novel. Agunpakhi is the
narrator of the text. Apparently it is a partition story, but some issues of humanism are the main
focus of the novel. There is no complexity in the narration because the narration bears the smooth
and spontaneous flow of a heart of a simple, rural

The Hungry Tide By Amitav Ghosh
It is no wonder that how advanced the world may be, there are still a number of human beings, who
struggle a lot for their survival; These are the human beings, who are pushed to the margins for the
reasons unknown to them, these are the human beings, who are denied a secured place in the world
for the mistakes which are not committed by them. These are marginalized people and just like
them, their history too is marginalized. Being neglected by the mainstream history, this marginalized
history, sometimes has to transform itself and settle in fiction in order to come into light.
Amitav Ghosh's The Hungry Tide giving its way to full length discussions on various globally
concerned concepts is definitely a thoughtful attempt of providing ... Show more content on
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Hence, the first wave of migration consisted large number of upper–caste Hindus and the second
wave of migration consisted of large number of low–caste Hindus. When the upper–caste Hindus
migrated, it was easy for them to get support and shelter. They were able to find a safe haven in the
homes of their affluent friends and relatives. But that was not case with the low–caste refugees.
Unable to find any shelter and support, these Dalit refugees squatted on public and private land.
Ghosh's The Hungry Tide takes this part of the history as its source and tactfully presents the
repercussions of the partition of Bengal, its consequent refugee problem and how the low caste Dalit
refugees were persecuted under the name of conservation of Environment.
Amitav Ghosh presents us Sundarbans which is also known as the tide country, with its complex
topography and endangered flora and fauna. This UNESCO world heritage site which comprises the
delta region of Padma, Meghna and Brahmaputra river basins, is a unique forest, with its stubborn
coastal mangroves. Sundarbans is home to numerous threatened and endangered species of animals,
birds and reptiles. A part of Sundarbans is a Reserve area for the famous Royal Bengal Tigers and its
brackish water serves as home for the endangered Orcaella too. Such an ecologically rich yet
sensitive area is under heavy toll, as it offers

Symbols In Mr. Sen, By Mrs. C. Lahiri
Once upon a time, she was a wealthy woman in Bengali, theere, she feed the poor on festival days.
But after came to calcatta, she did not have any wealth, even, she does have good food to eat, wear
dirty clothes and sleep on the old newspapers. Lahiri used ,some metaphors in this story, cocunut
trees, cattle, rosewood and women with saries. Using metaphors described about not only person
and also thing. She has given a plase by the Bengali people and every day, she sleep unter the letter
box. Bengali people of those appartments give her food and other items but still, they considers her
"as a refuge" and she consiter her herself also " an outsider". She feels herself, she has no place in
the world. She faced double trouble, that is, she is not Indian and also belongs to the lower caste.
According to Gayatri C.Spivak, the caste system of India is worse than "racism" of other countries
and calls both India and United states "bad, but in different ways."(13) She interpret her own
identity and class status. Much of her ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But in her one of the collection, Mrs.Sen's is bviously dealt with the pain of culturaly alienation and
nostalgic feeling of the migrated people in a foriegn land, through out the character Mrs. Sen. She is
the protagonist of the story, mistress of the University professor, a thirty year old home maker. She
migrated from Calcutta to Boston with her husband mistress who teaches in the university of
Boston. This not only the changes of location but also facing the problem of traditional and cultural
conflict where they were migrated as well as they injured by socialy and psychologically causing a
strong sense of lonliness and segregation. Mrs. sen coud not adopt by hostculturalwhere she
missings her own traditional. Lahiri mentioned in an interview that she depicted the character of
Mrs. Sen while in her mind, she keeping about her mother and women of her

Critique Of Bhojohari Manna
Oh! Calcutta Located in Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Gurgaon and, of course, Kolkata,
this restaurant chain promises to serve the long lost dishes that speak volumes about Kolkata's
Bengali, Nawabi and colonial cuisine. Some may find the prices a bit stiff but the regulars swear by
its 'authentic' style of cooking. Address No.10/3, 4th Floor, Forum Shopping Mall, Elgin Road
Contacts 033–2283 7161 Website http://www.speciality.co.in/ Oh Calcutta Typical IndianLobsters
Bhojohari Manna The restaurant created a stir when they chose to bring to the table long–lost tastes
such as Dak Bangla Chicken and Goalondo Steamer Curry (a mutton dish). The restaurant takes its
name from a song by Manna Dey where he talks about the chef Bhojohari Manna who goes around
the world learning all types of cuisine. The very name of this restaurant – 'Bhojohori Manna' –
brings forth nostalgia in every Bengali, familiar with the popular rendition by Manna De with its
amusing lyrics," Ami Sri Sri Bhojohori Manna" The core founding team includes film director
Goutam Ghose. BesidesKolkata, it is also present in Bengaluru, Mumbai, Siliguri and Puri. The
popularity of their cuisine rests on the recipes of 'pice' hotels which were frequented by all and
sundry even a few decades ago. "Our very first outlet at Hazra, Salt Lake was at Ekdalia and we
worked out from a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Park Circus branch situated right in front of the Park Circus crossing has the best servings in
terms of taste. It is not much expensive. Inside the restaurant, it is difficult to find a person who does
not have a plate of Biryani apart from other dishes. There is no competition faced by this eatery
despite so any other places and it continues to attract people every day. A tip would be to order a
plate of Arsalan Special Biryani. Nothing on earth tastes

The Indian Of Indian Bengal
The famous scholar M.A. Rahim has said in his "The History of Bengal Muslims" that, " It is a
matter of great wonder that the Hindu politicians who have raised movements to protect the division
of Bengal in 1905 , have claimed for the division of Bengal in 1947.On the other hand, the Muslims
who have supported the decision of dividing Bengal in 1905 have protested against the division of
Bengal in 1947." Actually lack of solution of community disputes, lack of cordial approach of
British Government, selfishness of the politicians of two most political parties 'Muslim League' and
'Congress' etc. were the actors led the way of division of Bengal. The Bengal was divided into two
parts. The Hindu West Bengal became the part of India and the predominately Muslim East Bengal
(present Bangladesh) became the part of Pakistan. The partition was done on 14–15 August, 1947 in
the reign of Lord Mountbatten. This partition of Bengal also divided the people spoke Bangla in
different ascend in different areas.
Political Economical Reasons behind the Division of Bengal
There are numerous political economic reason working behind the division of Bengal. But political
reasons were mostly related to this division. They are:–
The Eagerness of British Government:
Bengal is a prosperous province. With the establishment of British rule and the establishment of
Kolkata as capital the importance of Bengal increased more and more. The West Bengal became an
industrially impoverished area. The target

Summary Of A Passage To India And A Passage To India
Despite having drastically different perspectives, E.M. Forster and Mulk Raj Anand display a
common disdain for British imperialism and racism while sharing in a struggle to fully capture the
complexities of the British Raj while still spreading their intended message in their novels, A
Passage to India and Untouchable.
Untouchable and A Passage to India were not written solely for entertainment. The authors' shared
purpose for writing the stories is more important than the stories themselves. Forster was largely
involved in the politics of imperialism, having worked with the International Red Cross in
Alexandria for four years and written a pamphlet that condemned the colonization of Egypt by
Britain (Meyers 238). Later in life he would write only essays, criticisms, biographies, and
broadcasts with the intention of sharing his liberal views (Parry 253). He was clearly motivated
intensely by his political views. When referring to his novel, Forster said, "The political side of it
was an aspect I wanted to express... It had some political influence –it caused people to think of the
link between India and Britain and to doubt if that link was altogether of a healthy nature" (Meyers
238). Anand was just as passionate in his desire to share his political opinions. In the words of R.K.
Dhawan, "Untouchable has no story interest; it is just an impassioned plea for social cause" (102).
In writing Untouchable, Anand's goal to shine light upon the trials of the Indian far surpasses the
significance enjoying the plot on its own. Each story is carefully crafted to influence the reader's
opinion on imperialism, and efforts to amuse the reader can be traced back to the authors' desire to
share their political viewpoints. These shared convictions come from writers who viewed the British
Raj from opposite sides, Anand as an Indian, and Forster as a British man. Anand was a resident of
Punjab, a hub for Indian rebellion, and a massacre where hundreds of Indains were killed took place
in his hometown (Harrex 36). He experienced the trauma of the Indian people personally. For him,
colonialism is something he has endured. He was also arrested and beaten brutally by the police,
having been left with dark marks on his back

Indian Trade And Exchange Internationally And Within The...
The Bengal region had a complex political organisation structure that completely changed the region
in the mid to late eighteenth century. This essay will examine the Bengali culture in broad sense and
then go on to discuss the political organisation of the Bengal region and study how governing of the
state occurred between the assigned time period of 1750–1800. The essay will also compare the
political organisation of the Qing Dynasty, the Chakri Dynasty, the Neo–Sumerian Empire, the Inca
Empire and imperial China to that of the Mughal Empire that ruled the Bengal region. To conclude,
the essay will explain how political organisation influenced Bengali trade and exchange
internationally and within the Bengal region.
The Bengal region is located in the north east area of South Asia and in the eighteenth century the
majority of the people that lived there were Bengali who spoke Bangla. Bengal is a diverse region as
it arose from the convergence of numerous societies that came to the region over many centuries.
The population of Bengal was combination of Hindus and Buddhists until the 13th century when
Muslims invaded from the northwest therefore Muslims predominantly occupied the eastern part of
Bengal and Hindus the west. Most Bengali's lived in a rural setting and the fertile Bengal Delta
meant that agriculture was a huge part of the Bengali subsistence, they mainly engaged in rice and
jute crops. In Bengal men were normally in charge of outside chores, while women were

Discrimination In Race By Marc Aronson
Freedom from Discrimination
Today, India is a free country, but this country's history to freedom was not pleasant. Britain, a
country that occupied many territories, came to conquer India for its valuables. During this time,
they treated Indians poorly and stole all the goods of the country to trade. This rule continued for
nearly two–hundred years, and India struggled to fight for freedom from 1857 to 1947. On August
15, 1947, India finally gained its independence through the India Independence Act passed by the
British House of Common. The British House of Commons is the UK parliament that is part of the
legislative branch. The act stated that India would be divided into two dominions, India and
Pakistan, thus granting Pakistan independence on August 14 and Indian independence on August 15.
Marc Aronson, in his book Race, explores and examines the concept of race where the reasoning
behind racial discrimination can be seen. Aronson provides the four pillars of race, which show an
ideology behind racism that occurs universally. During the British–rule in India, the British racially
discriminated Indians. As a result of the discrimination, Britain ... Show more content on
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The Government of UK in a national archive mentions about specific goods that were traded during
the rule over India. These specific goods helped in the political benefit of Britain. The national
archive states:
India, a densely populated place with long established civilisations, had a long history of contact
with Europe. The main contact between Britain and India was in trade. This really began to develop
during the 1600s, when the East India Company was created, a private company owned by wealthy
and important figures in Britain. The Company had a monopoly of trade between Britain and Asia.
The main goods traded were cotton, silk and tea. However, spices and gems were also important

Sea Port Importance
Sea port plays an important role of a countries economy and it is related to positive economic
growth and development. The economic history showed that it plays major role to growth of any
countries economy and development such as Britain, Spain, Portugal have sea ports that played in
the development of their economies.Establishment of a deep–sea port has become strategically very
critical for Bangladesh considering its potential impact on the development and economic growth of
the country. Deep sea port development has positive effects on employment and revenue earnings of
a country. It is significantly impact both locally regionally and nationally.In our country, Sonadia
island is a small island of about 9 square kilometers, offshore of the Cox's Bazar coast in Chittagong
Division, thatis a potential as a deep–water port lying on the Bay of Bengal. It could serve the
landlocked parts of India, Myanmar and China.
In fact, the leading sector of a country like Singapore Japan has its owndeep–sea port. Theoretically,
sea ports are an economicinfrastructure with significant multiplier effects on the domestic economy.
For Bangladesh, there are atleast four significant reasons for establishing a deep–sea port in
Sonadia. For example, coal supply for the power plants to be established in Moheshkhali, growing
seaborne trade needs of the future; to go along with the global shipping trend of moving towards
larger tonnage; and to utilize our geographical advantage to become a

The Decrease Of Forest Cover And Forest Resources
Introduction
Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries of the world with a population more than
150 million. The rate of population increase is decreasing in Bangladesh but still it is high enough to
create immense pressure on different sectors like agriculture, forestry, economy etc. To fulfill the
demand of increasing population more agricultural lands, buildup areas, settlements, roads and
highways are necessary. These development activities will definitely corroborate the decrease of
forest cover and forest resources in Bangladesh. It is evident that global climate is changing and
Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world due to climate change. In the near
future temperature will increase, sea level will rise, and incessant rainfall events will increase in a
whole there will be an accentuation of extreme events. These extreme events will affect the forest
resources and biodiversity of Bangladesh. For example only 0.5 meter sea level rise will inundate
the whole Sundarbans. So for ensuring habitat and sustainable environment for the present and
future generations of the country amelioration of forest and forest recourses, conservation and
identification of biodiversity and increase of forest cover up to idea limit are necessary. Forest
Resources in Bangladesh
Bangladesh lies in the north–eastern part of the South Asia between 20°34'and 26°38' North latitude
and 88°01' and 92°41' East longitude. The area of the country is 14.757

Taking a Look at the Bangladesh Genocides
The Bangladesh Genocides is remembered as the most concentrated genocide of the 20th century,
however it is an astonishing act of overlooking. In an attempt to crush forces seeking independence
for East Pakistan, the West Pakistani military regime unleashed an efficient campaign of mass
murder which aimed at killing millions of Bengalis, and succeeded in doing so.
For the bloodbath in March–December 1971 – when the Pakistani army executed a largely unarmed
Bengali population in the then vital part of Pakistan's state known as "East Pakistan", in an effort to
suppress the region's demand for independence – was at the time the biggest story in the world's
media.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Before 1971, Bangladesh was divided into two regions; both with opposing political power.
Although East Pakistan (Bangladesh) withheld the larger population between the two provinces, it
acquired much less political dominance than West Pakistan. Through the power and representation
of leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, East Pakistan rebelled. Rahman, leader of political party 'The
Awami League' demanded more powers both politically and economically. This struggle finally
cumulated into the war of independence for East Pakistan.
CAUSE OF THE GENOCIDE
In the 1971 national elections, The Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, had a major
success, winning 160 seats as well as majority of the national assembly. Rahman demanded
independence for East Pakistan, as well as the right to form a government.

Badal Sircar Analysis
Badal Sircar is one of the influential Bengali dramatists of the twenty first century. He was born in
Calcutta and most of his plays revolve around Calcutta. In most of his plays he has recorded the
turbulent period of Calcutta in 1960–70s. Sircar used the real space (Calcutta), the existing city
rather than the fictional space. Calcutta is considered to be one of the largest cities in India. Even
though the city seems to be economically well developed, most of the people suffer from poverty
and overcrowding. Sircar's letter to Richard Schechner, the founder of performance studies,
describes the 'city of alien culture'. He also opines that Calcutta is a city, both most loved and hated
intensely. Keywords: Calcutta, turbulent period, fictional space, overcrowding and alien culture.
Badal Sircar is one of the influential Bengali dramatists of the twenty first century. He was born in
Calcutta and most of his plays revolve around Calcutta. In most of his plays he has recorded the
turbulent period of Calcutta in 1960–70s. Sircar used the real space (Calcutta), the existing city
rather than the fictional space. Calcutta is considered to be one of the largest cities in India. Even
though the city seems to be economically well developed, most of the people suffer from poverty
and overcrowding. Sircar's letter to Richard Schechner, the founder of performance studies,
describes the 'city of alien culture'. He also opines that Calcutta is a city, both most loved and hated

The Cultural Capital Of India
ABOUT PHOTOGRAPHY
Photography is the symbolization, science and practice of making tough pictures by recording light
or other electromagnetic radiation, either artificially by method for a light–sensitive material, for
example, photographic film, or electronically by method for a picture sensor. Ordinarily, a lens is
utilized to center the light reflected or emitted from items into a true picture on the light–touchy
surface inside a Polaroid amid a timed introduction. The result in an electronic picture sensor is an
electrical charge at every pixel, which is electronically handled and put away in an advanced picture
document for ensuing show or handling.
The result in a photographic emulsion is an imperceptible inert picture, which is later artificially
"created" into an unmistakable picture, either negative or positive relying upon the reason for the
photographic material and the system for transforming. A negative picture on film is customarily
used to photographically make a positive picture on a paper base, known as a print, either by
utilizing an enlarger or by contact printing.
ABOUT KOLKATA
Kolkata is the Cultural Capital of India. It has long been known for its abstract, aesthetic and
progressive legacy. As the previous capital of India, not just Kolkata, West Bengal was the
origination of present day Indian artistic, masterful and educational thought. Bengalis have a
tendency to have a unique thankfulness for craft and writing; its custom of inviting new ability

Traditions vs. Personal Values: Everyone Wants to Belong...
The average person wants one thing more than anything else, and that thing is to belong. Without
interaction human beings are known to experience aggression, depression, anxiety, and other
psychological disorders, with a majority ending with murder and suicide as a side effect of not
acknowledging the problem. The one group in society with the most occurrences is teenagers. Due
to the fact of at that age, a person must discover who they are and what they want to be all the while
having to deal with the viewpoints of others looming over them. The latest fashions, social media,
among other things are all used to judge a person's social standing, which can cause stress in some
people. Even though teenagers are most often afflicted with ... Show more content on
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After entering middle school, Usha began to berate and ignore her mother's requests, even going so
far as to taunt her about Pranab Kaku's abandonment of their family. She would also go to parties
behind her parent's backs, to drink and perform sexual acts. Later, she started to wear typical
American attire provided to her by Deborah. However, after receiving heartbreak of her own, Usha
rekindles her relationship with her mother when Aparna confesses her attempted suicide. Pranab
Kaku, on the other hand, receives a culture shock due to his past wealthy life in Calcutta. Being
reduced to living in an attic of another woman's home, Pranab Kaku turns to Usha's family for
support. He would come to their home for dinner every day, as well as, going on outing with Aparna
and Usha. Soon this relationship became a regular feature to the family, causing Usha to feel as if
Pranab Kaku was like a second father to her. After living in America for some time, Pranab Kaku
didn't make much progress in integrating with American society, finding more confront in the
Bengali way of life presented by Usha's family, and even going so far as to complain about his new
homeland: "These Americans are learning equations I knew at Usha's age" (640). In 1974, Pranab
Kaku met Deborah; causing him to differ from the Bengali life style. He soon gains independence
from Aparna, as he would only appear once a week to eat with her. The next year, he went on to
marry Deborah,

The Between Pakistan And Pakistan
After the battle of Palashi in 1757, the English set their colony throughout the indian sub–continent
and they ruled 190 (1757–1947) years through great colonial impressions. In 1947 due to movement
over all india and their own egarness to free india from their rule they gave the independence as two
sovereign state named india and Pakistan where Pakistan had two parts– east Pakistan (todays
Bangladesh ) and west Pakistan (todays Pakistan) Background of language movement: After the
division, the two sovereign country became separated. Pakistan was consisted with two parts East
Pakistan and West Pakistan with the distance of 5600 square miles, but the two parts were different
from one another in many sectors including regional differences, political dissimilar, religious
belief, economic importance and other sectors. Where East Pakistan was economically more solvent
than West Pakistan and most of the people of west Pakistan were Muslim where the maximum
inhabitants of east Pakistan were Hindu. On the other hand, there were various language talked in
westPakistan, but the common language of east Pakistan was Bengali yet the autocratic ruler of west
Pakistan wanted to make Urdu as the state language of Pakistan, then the political, economic,
language related clashes took places in many times and one of them is the language movement of
1952. The reasons of Language movement: There were many legal reason behind the valiant
movement for language in 1952, they are economic,

The Heterogeneity Of India
"All the convergent influences of the world run through this society:
Hindu,Moslem,Christian,secular;Stanlist,liberal,Maoist, democratic socialist, Gandhian. There is not
a thought that is being thought in the West or East that is not active in some Indian mind."
E.P.Thompson "The singular thing about India is that you can only speak of it in the plural" says
Shashi Tharoor. Also, Amartya Sen in his Magnum Opus The Argumentative Indians talks about the
pluralist and tolerant culture of India. The heterogeneity of India is ,beyond dispute, a source of
immense pride for Indians. Although is there a single definition which encapsulates what is meant
by Indians; is can still, and quite rightly, be disputed. This makes us unique among nations. India is
a diverse not only in historical sense, but also in its geographical sense and both are indissolubly
linked to each other. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Secularists like JN Nehru, Universalists like RN Tagore, Emperors like Akbar and Asoka,
Philosophy like Upnishads, Immortal leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, intellectuals like Swami
Vivekananda have been part of this rich tradition and they propounded the inclusive and tolerant
idea of India. Each of them epitomises the essence of India's belief system. We have oldest Jewish
community in the world outside of the middle–east and a Christian community going back to the
first decade after Christ. New religions came in India and assimilated in its extraordinarily flexible
and accommodative culture. Each community thrived and none faced any

Nature Of Conquest : Understanding The East India Company...
Nature of Conquest: Understanding the East India Company 's role in Bengal
A reassessment of the eighteenth century in Indian politics goes hand–in–glove with a discussion of
the EIC 's intrusion. Before that, a few words are in order regarding Bengal during this period.
Referred to as Subah Jannat–i–Bilad–Bangla by Aurangzeb, the province of Bengal proved to be
one of the most successful experiments of successor states in eighteenth–century India.1 The
efficiency in administration brought about by Murshid Quli Khan in his capacity first as the Diwan
(civil and revenue administrator) and later, as the Nazim (governor) in 1717, on the one hand, met
the needs of the decadent Mughal state for revenues, whilst on the other hand, laid the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thereafter, Siraj 's defeat in Plassey as a result of the coalition of indigenous and British interests,
and the sequence of events that followed, are too well–known to be recapitulated here.4 Studying
the EIC 's conquests, P. J. Marshall argues that there were no conscious attempts towards political
dominance of India on the part of Britain until the the passage of the Pitt 's India Act in 1784.
Though the connections between trade and politics in this age can not be ignored, the EIC 's acts
should be seen as a response to the political and economic conditions in eighteenth–century India.
According to him, the British were active participants in struggles for power in the regional polities.
This involvement in local politics later gave way to empire. This was the handiwork of the men on
the spot. Lack of proper communication, and knowledge about conditions in India made the exercise
of effective control from home impossible, thus leading to a classic instance of what has been
referred to as 'sub–imperialism '. The company servants placed the directives from Britain at their
own discretion, exploited the opportunities of territorial and commercial gains that came their way,
and guarded their hard–won victories by the use of force.5 Whilst this emphasis on local interests is
useful in understanding the historical context in India as a prelude to the EIC 's intervention, it
altogether denies the

Famine, Affluence and Morality
Singer's Famine, Affluence, and Morality
Ametra Heard
PHI208
Ethics and Moral Reasoning
Instructor Zummuna Davis
January 14, 2013
Singer's Famine, Affluence, and Morality In the Peter Singer's article "Famine, Affluence, and
Morality", he discusses the way that people should take moral in their help toward the support of the
Bengal famine crisis. Singer states three obligations that would help the Bengal region through the
means of a wealthy person, and those individuals living life on a day to day basis. In this paper I
will expound on Singer's goal for each obligation, explain the three counter–arguments with Singer's
response, define and identify marginal utility as it relates to Singer's arguments, and compare the
ideas of duty ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"That persons with very low incomes may merit our sympathy is accepted, but sympathy leads to
charity, rather than to the involuntary exploitation of the better off" (Narveson, 2004). Singer also
says that people with a maintainable amount of wealth should give more than the X amount asked
for, being that the predicament that some are not able to give or they can give less than the amount
asked for. "Another, more serious reason for not giving to famine relief funds is that until there is
effective population control, relieving famine merely postpone starvation" (Singer, 1972). The final
and third counter–argument is that Singer question exactly how much we should be giving away. In
this counter–argument, Singer talks of giving until one reaches marginal utility; or in the case where
suffering would have greatly increased or decreased in his self, if he gave more than one can afford
to give. One should avoid bad things from happening or sacrificing too much to help those in need.
Giving until you reach your marginal utility is only required. "Singer believes we are obliged to give
money away until our sacrifice is of comparable moral importance to the agony of people starving
to death" (Specter, 1999). This is our duty to do so. An example

What Are The Causes Of The Partition Of India
Knocking the doors to history, the history that takes us to the world of facts, the Partition of India
was just an event crushed under the old pages of Indian history. But this event was the greatest
man– made catastrophe which not only divided the nation into two parts – the "New India for the
Hindus and Pakistan for the Muslims, but also led to the massacre of millions in this forced
dislocation. It was considered one of the largest mass migrations in the history of India killing two
million people1 and dislocating 14 million Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs from the areas of Punjab and
Bengal2.
The agreement of dividing the colonial India into two separate state – Pakistan having a majority of
Muslims and India with the majority of Hindus, was an
________________________________________1. The Other Side of Silence– Voices from the
Partition of India by Urvashi Bhutalia, pg– 3. 2. The United Nations High Commissioner for
Refugees (UNHCR) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"But wars and battles are notorious for crossing and not respecting boundaries and perhaps the most
tragic irony of all, the solution actually became the beginning of a problem".6
The Partition plan was put forward on 3rd June 1947 which decided the destiny of the masses
without their consent. Several questions were raised by the
________________________________________6. The Other Side of Silence– voices from the
Partition of India by Urvashi Bhutalia, pg– 74. masses – what areas had been allotted to the
migrants, what provisions were made to get them settled honourably, where should they migrate, in
what numbers and in what manner, what would happen to their immovable property, would there be
job opportunities etc; which went

British Rule in India and the Response of Indian Society
India is a country that is rich in culture and spiritual beliefs. This all changed when the British
landed a company that not only changed the societal business but also the government rule as well
as their cultural aspects. This company was named the East India Company. With its gradual
expansion, the company managed to build English communities in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras;
the three presidency states of India. Although the East India Company's intentions where to pursue
and expand trade with the East Indies, they manage to gain control of India by utilizing military
power. The appointed governor–general of this company was Warren Hasting who established the
base of British India as a controlled government system. Many Indian's were ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Making salt and eliminating salt tax was the way that Gandhi was heading. Even though he
continued on the journey, he was incarcerated as well as 60,000 more people because of this
disobedient movement. As India became more and more closer to the independence that they
sought, and British was declining slowly into the background, the Muslim's and Hindu's were in
question on how the nation state was going to be divided. The Partition of Bengal was developed in
1905 by a Viceroy named Lord Curzon. It was encourage for administrative motives. Due to its
enormous population, it was hard to manage. The government thought it would been a good idea to
divide Bengal into two because they know that they can never mix Hindu's and Muslim's together.
Muslim's highly favored this partition due to having a dominated control over the area, while
Hindus opposed it because they did not want Muslim's to have much of a control over them. The
Hindus protest against this partition led to Muslims forming a Muslim organization called the All
Muslim League. Muslims wanted to secure their place in eastern Bengal. Muhammed Ali Jinnah
was the leader whom tried to unite the Muslims and Hindus to gain the independence of India. But
he failed to unite the two nations and in a conference in Lahore in 1940, he stated: "Hindus and the
Muslims belong to two different religions, philosophies, social customs and literature.....To yoke

Examples Of Boundaries And Boundaries In The Shadow Lines
Borders and Boundaries in Amitav Ghosh's The Shadow Lines:
A Postcolonial Study
"The Shadow lines" is an award winning novel by Amitav Ghosh. The historical events like the
Swadeshi Movement, Second World War, partition of India and communal riots of 1963–64 which
took place in Calcutta and Dhaka are all mentioned. The concept of boundaries is an important one
for the postcolonial world writer's .This novel discusses these lines across cultures and boundaries
and tries to study them. These borders and boundaries not only divided the people but also relocated
them from their own country. The story is told in first person narrative and all the events are
described in a retrospective manner of about two decades .Because of the borders, borderlines,
nation and nationhood there is a certain degree of nuances which is created inside the human mind
which is also discussed in his novel. The plot of the novel centres ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He used his contents of recollections very efficiently. The issue of identity is also one of the
problems discussed by Amitav Ghosh. The concept of borders and how the life of people changed
and what are the effects of partition on them. He discussed the concept of partition by different point
of views through his different characters. Through this work he questioned the concept of borders
and according to him they are just done for the political purposes and they are just arbitrary. These
borders further enhance the trouble by creating differences among people and that affects their
mutual relationship. Amitav Ghosh through his work tries to explain that these borders have the
same effect on people on both the sides of the borders. Both the sides suffer the same violence. He
want to unify people and through The Shadow Lines he want to explain that unity is one of the
biggest asset that every nation should possess and have good relations with the neighbouring

The Social And Medical History For Women During 19th...
Haimabati's persona in the narrative reveals two contradictory aspects of her position and situation
in the social and medical history for women in 19th century Bengal. In a sense she was radical,
taking decisions for herself, rejecting Brahminical Hinduism, remarrying a Brahmo, and pursuing at
great risk her ambition to get educated and become self–sufficient. During her wanderings in search
for education and a better life, after she left Benares, she met a woman 'ruined' and deserted by the
man she hoped to marry. Haimabati immediately becomes sympathetic and calls her 'sister', showing
true female solidarity. From her own experience of being a child–wife, subjected to the traumatic
experience of a middle–aged man's lust and attempted ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Later in the narrative, he shows the true colours of his male ego, abusing Haimabati for nothing,
beating her at times, and jeopardising her professional life. At one point he got involved in a brawl
with Haimabati's superior at her workplace, and it was she who saved him from a legal action, by
apologising for his conduct. He knew that he would never be able to earn himself, yet it was no
longer bearable to his male ego to live on his wife's income. Haimabati does not use any harsh word
to describe these feats of her husband, but her sense of irritation is not always hidden, though she
tried to wear a stoical calm and accept everything as God's will. Her willing compromise with her
husband's abuses shows how internalised patriarchy could be: being otherwise so self–sufficient she
kept herself subservient to the man who, she believed, showed the 'generosity' of remarrying her and
providing her with a respectable status in society. These contradictions and complexities in
Haimabati's life, which Indrani Sen has also noticed (60) point towards an intriguing paradox in
feminist history. Her struggle for identity, extraordinary despite all these contradictions, shaped her
personality in two ways: by resisting patriarchy and by compromising with it.
Marriage, Family and Profession: Spheres of challenge for Lady Doctors
Regarding 'marriage' and family affecting or problematizing lady doctors' career in 19th century
Bengal , there are some general

White Teeth by Zadie Smith
1. Samad's great–grandfather, Mangal Pande was the first of the sepoys in the Bengal army to fire a
shot at a British soldier setting off a revolt against the British. However, the circumstances of the
events that unfolded are greatly debated as to whether he was drunk when he shot the soldier and so
on (209). However, for Samad, Pande represents an unsung hero of eastern culture, preserving the
culture of Bengal from the British (215). Samad also views Pande as a name that he must live up to;
Pande had a mark on history and so Samad felt that he had to do his best to live to the name and be
successful in the military (76/77).
2. Clara was driven away from her old life because of Ryan Topps. Originally she used him as a way
of getting away from her old family and as a way of living a double life; the life she lived at home
(around her mother) and the life she lived around Ryan's companions Merlin, Wan–Si and so on
(32). However, Ryan eventually becomes enamored with the idea of the rapture and being saved
from Gods fury and takes up the beliefs of Jehovah's Witness. He soon joins forces with Clara's
mother in an effort to bring Clara back to God in a last effort to save her. This in turn drives Clara
completely away from Ryan and her family (36). It was after all this loss that she met Archie and for
her, it seems he was her "last man on Earth" (38).
3. Samad has a glorified idea of who he really was. Obviously he takes into account the downfalls of
losing the function of

Essay on The Nightmare
The Nightmare
Dreams are often visions of the conscience that hold the most truth. In the novel, Cracking India, by
Bapsi Sidhwa, the narrator Lenny, has a reoccurring nightmare that contains much truth about the
state of India. In Lenny's nightmare,
Children lie in a warehouse. Mother and Ayah move about solicitously. The atmosphere is
businesslike and relaxed.
Godmother sits by my bed smiling indulgently as men in uniforms quietly slice off a child's arm
here, a leg there.
She strokes my head as they dismember me. I feel no pain.
Only an abysmal sense of loss– and a chilling horror that no one is concerned by what's happening
(Sidhwa 31).
Lenny's childhood nightmare is symbolic of the condition of India prior to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Indians' adoption of the British culture enables the British to remain in India and this
submissiveness is shown through the metaphor of the warehouse in Lenny's dream. Gandhi also
suggests that "we keep the English in India for our base interest. We like their commerce; they
please us by their subtle methods and get what they want from us" (Gandhi 216). Their subtle
methods and efficient ways are described in Lenny's nightmare as the businesslike and relaxed
atmosphere. Gandhi's point is proven in Cracking India when Colonel Bharucha suggests to a group
of people that they should stop buying British salt. Dr. Manek Mody, an upper–class citizen,
immediately objects because he prospers from the British presence in India and sees no reason to
stop buying their salt. Dr. Mody's failure to look past his personal profit is precisely the chilling lack
of concern about the holistic well–being of India that Lenny is referring to in the description of her
nightmare. Gandhi suggests that the solution to the problem of achieving Home Rule lies in getting
to the root of the matter. He proposes that "if an excess of food has caused me indigestion, I shall
certainly not avoid it by blaming water" (Gandhi 215). In Lenny's nightmare, the description of the
British officers dismembering the children's limbs is obviously disturbing. However, the underlying
image of the children helplessly lying there while their supposed

Social Problem Of India Today Essay
India is a very fast developing country in the world, one of the fastest. India also has the fastest
growing economy in the world (Beck). But at the same time there are several problems yet today in
Modern India which is affecting the development and growth of the country. The social problems in
India today have their roots in the diversity of religion, language, and culture. There were many
people to have huge attachment to one's region, language, religion and when these attachments grow
to an crazy extreme level they create intolerance for other religions, languages, problems are bound
to rise. So many cases of tragedy such as peaceful protests, riots and poverty has shaped the
outcome of what India has become today. "An eye for an eye makes everybody blind" summarizes
Gandhi's view of violence. Gandhi did not believe in violence as a technique of achieving his goal
of an independent India. He taught non–violent non effort to create for the people of India. When
Gandhi was arrested many times and put to prison, his followers were tempted to fight back to
British authorities. Gandhi fasted until he convinced his followers to stop fighting so that he would
eat again. After that Gandhi thought the British authorities would free the indian people as they
wanted to be. Gandhi was wrong. Brigadier General Dyer ordered his soldiers to open fire open
field of people. Killing thousands of women children and men. This massacre took place in Bagh
where they held their

India 's The Partition Of India
The partition of India is one of the defining chapters in India's entire history. Although many
different reasons caused the partition, political factors were a key player in bringing about this
monumental change in India's borders. The pre–existing communal differences between Hindus and
Muslims grew as a result of the fears of both groups losing power and giving up control to the other.
The partition which was supposed to grant freedom and independence for all Indians resulted in
creating a deeper hatred and animosity which would cost countless lives through riots, rape, and
mass murder for decades to come. Gandhi said "in actual life, it is impossible to separate us into two
nations. We are not two nations. Every Moslem will have a Hindu name if he goes back far enough
in his family history. Every Moslem is merely a Hindu who has accepted Islam. That does not create
nationality. . . . We in India have a common culture. In the North, Hindi and Urdu are understood by
both Hindus and Moslems. In Madras, Hindus and Moslems speak Tamil, and in Bengal, they both
speak Bengali and neither Hindi nor Urdu. When communal riots take place, they are always
provoked by incidents over cows and by religious processions. That means that it is our
superstitions that create the trouble and not our separate nationalities." He tried to unite all Indians
by showing them that having different religions does not separate Indians and the only path to true
independence would be to come

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Women Fashion
4.ADVANCEMENTS IN WOMEN CLOTHING
Fashion *is the style and custom prevalent at a given time. To some it's an art form, to others it's like
a part of their culture and religion but to most it is a method of utilizing cloth to show or hide
something about themselves. Fashion can be used to serve as an extension of one's own personality
or to disguise one's own true self. (Ukessays,2015)
Language **disguises the thought, so that from the external form of the clothes one cannot infer the
form of the thought they clothe, because the external form of the clothes is constructed with quite
another object than to let the form of the body be recognized (Calefato,2004.p.13).
1940s
In India, the 40`s was a decade marked by the World War II and the also the ensuing post
independence era with the result that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is probably the decade best attributable for the rise of fashion in the country that until then had
bigger issues to address.
1990s
The 90s, hands down, mark a major turning point in the journey of fashion in India, especially after
Sushmita Sen – one of the most prominent model–turned–actors till date – was crowned Miss
Universe, in 1994. After the event, it seemed as though all major fashion brands and labels finally
woke up to the existence of the country, making their way into the local markets, one after another –
also majorly attributable to the then revised foreign trade policies.
2000s
The *use of internet shopping paved the path of international brands setup their shops in India.
During this period, people could be seen sporting new styles and patterns from leading, but
mainstream, labels such as Adidas, Reebok, Nike, Puma, Wills Lifestyle, and similar names.
Moreover, Indian designers also started to make their existence felt during the era. (Thakkar,2016)

The Abdul Hamid Kh A Leader And The Mass Movement Of East...
Heading, Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan was a politician Popularly known as Maulana. Bhasan one of
India 's grassroots binsasataki British politicians and the mass movement of the hero, who in 1947
made life in Pakistan and Bangladesh, established in 1971, has played an important role in politics.
The people 'tribune of the oppressed ' is popularly known as. 1954 AD is one of the main leaders of
the United Front constituents. Played a prominent role in the establishment of an independent
Bangladesh. Most of the time, as well as leftist political life he was involved in politics Communist
maopanthi. So many of his followers, the "red Maulana" call. He was a visionary leader and was
assured that the decade of the fifties, Bangladesh and Pakistan as part of a paralyzed state. AD 1957
conference kagamari western rulers of Pakistan 'oyalakumusasalama as the first separation of East
Pakistan played a historic bell.
B
he was born in 1880 in Sirajganj district. His father, Haji Sharafat Ali Khan. He also studied a few
years in the local school and madrasa had no formal education. He began his career as a primary
school teacher at Kagmari in Tangail. He worked in a madrasa at village Kala Haluaghat
Mymensingh district. His political ideal was socialism. His political influence on Islamic socialism
and his strategies of political solidarity. . He has passionately embraced the ideology of
communism, the struggle for life, for the oppressed and abused people who had dedicated his life,

Similarities Between Exit East And A Golden Age
Tahmima Anam's "A Golden Age", published first in 2007 is set in the city of Dhaka during
Bangladesh's war of liberation in 1971 . Bangladesh then formed the eastern wing of the
Pakistan and after many years of negligent and contemptuous governance, became the battlefield for
the Pakistani Army and India backed Bangladeshi armed fighters.
This work has themes which elicit comparisons with "Exit West" by Mohsin Hamid . Both of the
books feature a city torn with civil war and main characters who are subject to a sudden upheaval in
their lives once the infighting starts. Unlike Hamid's magical realism inspired dystopian utopia
which envisions a world without border, Anam's work is a narrative firmly set in the bloody history
pages of Bangladesh's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Curfew is imposed
Eventually as her children threw themselves into the struggle, she too– unable to deny them, ends up
contributing to the struggle.
The most striking difference between "A Golden Age" and "Exit West" is the fact that the characters
are fighting for their idea of a home. The children think of home when Bangladesh is independent,
and Rehana when her family is safe and together in their house. Despite temporarily leaving Dhaka
for some time, they makes sure to return to their original abode, indicating that their struggle was
for their land itself.
The city of Dhaka itself show many characteristics that can be seen in almost all large cities.
There is some sort of degree of variety in population. Here, Muslims and Hindus coexist in a city
bustling with activity. Rehana's friend circle itself consists of members of both the groups as they
carry on with their mundane gossip and gatherings. The Dhaka college, like educational institutions
in times of unrest, is a breeding ground of revolutionary sentiments, highlighting the importance of
major urban colleges in terms of such mass movements. It is there where Sohail and Maya get a
chance to discuss, promote and act on their

English Architecture: Architecture And Architecture Of...
Panam Nagar or Panam city was one of the major townships of the historic administrative,
commercial and maritime centre in eastern Bengal, Sonargaon, about 2.5 kilometers to the north of
Dhaka Chittagong Highway at Mograpara Point.
15th century, Isha Khan established the first capital of Bengal in Sonagaon. During that time, the
industry and culture of Bengal flourished in the Sultanate era.
About that time, the city was established in the new colonial architecture of European inspiration
due to the commercial activities of the East India Company and the permanent settlement.
In Panam City, the architectural design of the houses indicates that the people of the wealthy
merchants lived there. Mughal and Greek architectural style can be viewed in the houses, and the
decorations of each room are unique., color use, and construction techniques . Wrought iron made
brackets used almost every ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then there was the famous poet of Persian poet Hafeez. The poet was invited by the Sultan of
Bengal Giyasuddin Azam Shah. Poet Hafeez could not come here, but he sent a ghazal written in the
form of gifts. Later a Frenchman came to Sonargaon. He was fascinated by the city of Panam.
Since 1971, after the independence of Bangladesh, Panam city houses were leased. But houses of
neglect and negligence continue to be wasted. So leasing has been stopped since 2004. Due to lack
of conservation, two houses collapsed in 2005. Later, the government of Bangladesh took various
steps to protect the City.
Here many amateur photographers came for the content of their photos. Apart from this, some parts
of the film 'Guerrilla' directed by Nasir Uddin Yusuf have been shot. Panam Nagar has been chosen
to capture some scenes before the War of Liberation. The film was released in 2011 and gets a lot of
popularity. In 2010, a Doku–drama called 'Subarnagram' was created in the history and tradition of
the

Plassey And Buxar Essay
Plassey and Buxar were fought with the purpose to establish English regime in the land of India by
English East India Company. Actually, battle of Buxar was the supplementary part of the battle of
Plassey. After this battle, the regime of English East India Company began in Bengal, and also its
influence was spread. During the existence of regime of Mogul empire in India, Europeans had
already entered. Mogul emperors were ruling their empire deputing or appointing representatives in
their emperors' provinces. Mogul Emperor Aurangajeb had deputed Mursidkulizafer Khan as the
representative (governor or Subedar) to Bengal in 1705.
* Author Adhikari is working as Associate Professor in teaching History Committee of Padmakanya
Multiple Campus, Tribhuwan University, Nepal.
During his regime, getting safe from the French power after the third Karnatak war, English
company officers thought to strengthened their dominants the fertile land of Bengal, which was
regarded as one of the important and fertile territorial part of the Mogul Empire. Not only
suppressed other European races remaining in India but also the English men dealt the Indian races
as the favorite. First of all, they got the custom exempted for convenient trading in the ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Robert Clive has accepted the battle as a revolution in the history of England. Likewise, as per the
saying of the historian Nelson, there was no another event which was such permanent and having
influencing result like it. In this way, English men have regarded the battle of Plassey as an extreme
conspiracy against the Indian princes and people. This battle is regarded as an important event from
both political and economical points of view. Reason of occurring war was that the Bengal was very
fertile state because English were discharging salvia (in the sense of greedy) willing to capture this

The Book ' The Namesake ' By Jhumpa Lahiri
The Struggle of Find a Cultural Identity
Many people of different ethnicity have passed over many obstacles and difficult experiences where
growing up in a new country has been like a great wall where you cannot exceed to the other side by
much effort can put. Growing up in the United States may differ between types of culture and
education given by parents. Over the years many people like me with double identity can struggle to
be two person at the time where you communicate and experience new cultures in other family or
persons. At home, you are the other person where you communicate with your first native language;
you interact with family regularly with manners, traditions and culture. It 's really difficult to have
two identities and do not know who you really are, in the book "The Namesake" by Jhumpa Lahiri
author, demonstrates the theme of how hard it is to find an identity in America. The protagonist of
the book Gogol, during his childhood went through many difficult stages related to his identity and
find himself like another characters that passed the same way.
Additionally, immigrants have been always tried to live with their same beliefs, traditions, manners,
and food. This may be due to the fact that most immigrants think that they could be betraying the
roots of ethnicity. According to Bagchi, Amitabha and Chatterji, Dejajyoti researches Bengalis
immigration began during the 1950s where the Immigration Act of 1965 opened the doors to many
professionals to

The American Revolution and India's Independence Movement...
Systems of governance and authority can have a profound influence on the development of human
societies. For example, the major influence of the British Empire in the development of Indian and
American human societies. All types of governments – from local politics to federal bureaucracies
to huge empires – maintain their authority through specific techniques, including fostering a shared
identity (nationalism), developing economic interdependence, and sometimes using overt force.
Challenges to that authority through violent and nonviolent revolution can have significant
consequences, including the collapse and replacement of whole systems of governance. Both the
American Revolution and the Indian Independence Movement gained their ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Unfortunately, the Indian Rebellion did not result in freedom for India. Eventually, the British
government had taken control over India when sepoys brought down the East India Company, and
established the British Raj. The British Raj was the British direct rule, and influence in India
between 1858 and 1947. The American Revolution was also a rebellion against the British Empire.
A violent revolution led by George Washington, and which took place between 1765 and 1783.
British colonists in America rebelled to regain freedom and become the independent country, United
States. There were a number of events that were the causes of the American Revolution. The First
cause which contributed to the American Revolution was the debt gained from the French and
Indian War was a contributing factor to the American Revolution. The British government decided
to make the American colonies pay a large share of the war debt, by imposing harsh taxes. Some of
these taxes were the Sugar Act, Currency Act, Quartering Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Acts, and a
number of other taxes. In addition to the high taxes, there were events, such as the Boston Massacre
which resulted in the loss of life.
Another event that led to the American Revolution was the Boston Tea Party which was followed by
the Intolerable Acts. The Boston Tea Party was a reaction to the British Empire; it was when
American colonists dumped tea overboard from three ships

External Factors Of Hinduism And Hinduism
Hinduism has continually modified itself due to a number of external forces but also to internal
forces. External forces that have helped modify Hinduism were Buddhism, Islam, British
Colonization, Christianity and even modernity. All have played in a role in shaping or modifying
Hinduism and Indian society.
Islam's major push into India began with Mahmud of Ghazni the Turkish ruler. He had established a
Turko–Afghan state boarding on Delhi. The successor to Mahmud did conquer Delhi and in turn
made it his capital. This marked the first in a series of Delhi Sultans. Their empire would eventually
reach from Punjab to Bengal. However, there is no evidence to suggest that a mass conversion to
Islam took place under this empire. While some Buddhist monasteries and Hindu Temples were
ransacked it was either due to their wealth or down by zealous Muslim rulers. Islam, Buddhism, and
Hinduism generally coexisted and had peaceful interactions.
Once Babar overthrew the Delhi Sultans he established the Mughal series of rulers over India and
became the first Mughal. They would then make Persian the official language of the government of
India. Each Mughal ruler had different attitudes towards Hinduism. Some abolished the special
taxes levied on non–Muslims while others would revive the tax. However, the Mughal rulers left
their mark on Indian civil governance and architecture. Some local and regional lineage heads,
chieftains and landlords benefited from Maghul ruling. They grew

Khudiram Bose
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Khudiram Bose
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | This article needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be
challenged and removed.(January 2010) |
| Khudiram Bose | Born | December 3, 1889
Habibpur, Midnapur | Died | 11 August 1908 (aged 18) | Nationality | Indian | Known for | Indian
freedom fighter |
Khudiram Bose (Bengali: ক্ষু দিরাম বসু Khudiram Boshu) (3 December 1889 – 11 August 1908) was
a Bengali revolutionary, one of the youngest revolutionaries early in the Indian independence
movement. At the time of his hanging, he was 18 years, 7 months 11 days old–barely a legal ...
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Immediately after settling down, they started planning and preparing for the attack. They gave
themselves a few days time to closely observe the daily routine, activities and movements of their
target, Kingsford–taking note of his timings at the court, the club and his house. They did not want
to risk the lives of innocent people by making an attack at the court during working hours. That led
to the passing of a few more days, and finally they decided that Kingsford had to be attacked either
during his ride from his house to the club, or vice–versa, when he would be alone. During this time,
the two of them wrote to one of their mentors, Barindra Kumar Ghosh, the eminent revolutionary
and the younger brother of Sri Aurobindo, whenever they needed money, addressing the Barindra
with the code–name "Sukumar" for safety. to assassinate Kingsford, the Calcutta Presidency
Magistrate, and later, magistrate of Muzaffarpur, Bihar.
On the evening of 30 April 1908, the duo waited in front of the gate of the European Club for the
carriage of Kingsford to come. The time was around 8.30 pm. When the carriage came out, they
responded quickly, holding their pistols in one hand as back–up and throwing their bombs. The hit
was a success and the carriage blew up and started burning. The duo immediately left the place,
covered themselves in the darkness, and reached the railways station, where they parted to escape
any suspicion, boarding trains towards opposite directions. But

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