An integrated circuit is a miniature, low-cost electronic circuit consisting of both active and passive components fabricated together on a single crystal of silicon. The active components are transistors and diodes, while the passive components are resistors and capacitors. Jack Kilby demonstrated the first integrated circuit in 1958 for Texas Instruments, winning a Nobel Prize in 2000. Integrated circuits provide advantages like small size, light weight, cost reduction through batch processing, increased reliability and reduced power consumption. They can be classified as either digital or linear based on their applications.

1. SHALET K S
Asst. Prof.

3. An integrated circuit (IC) is a
miniature, low cost electronic circuit
consisting of active and passive
components fabricated together on a
single crystal of silicon. The active
components are transistors and diodes and
passive components are resistors and
capacitors.

5. Electronic Components?
Miniaturized Active Devices:
1.Transistors
2.Diodes
Miniaturized Passive Devices:
1. Capacitors
2. Resistors

7. In 1958 Jack Kilby an engineer of
Texas instruments demonstrated the
first IC.
The first costumer was US Air Force.
In the year 2000 Jack Kilby won the
Nobel Prize in Physics for
miniaturized electronic circuits.

9. • Several hundred identical integrated
circuits (ICs) are made at a time on a thin
wafer several centimeters wide, and the
wafer is subsequently sliced into individual
ICs called chips.

10. Advantages of integrated circuits
1. Light weight.
2. Small in size
3. Cost reduction due to batch
processing.
4. Increased system reliability due to
the elimination of soldered joints.
5. Reduction in power consumption
6. Easy replacement

11. ON BASIS OF APPLICATIONS
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

12. DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
When the circuit is either
in on-state or off-state and
not in between the two, the
circuit is called the
digital circuit.
Example logic gates, flip
flops, counters,
microprocessors, memory
chips etc.

13. 13
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
When the input and output
relationship of a circuit is
linear, linear ICs are used.
Input and output can take
place on a continuous range of
values.
Example operational
amplifiers, power amplifiers,
microwave amplifiers
multipliers etc.

14. Q & A