5. Introduction:
Electronic devices are components for controlling the flow of
electrical currents for the purpose of information processing
and system control. Prominent examples include transistors
and diodes. Electronic devices are usually small and can be
grouped together into packages called integrated circuits.
Transistors IC Diode
5
Electronic device and circuit
6. Why electronic device?
Now a days all of the modern electronic devices like laptops,
tablets, PCs , smart phones are made up with semiconductors.
That is electronic device. They use semiconductors because :
1. An insulator substances do not conduct electricity very well.
2. An conductors substances that electricity readily.
3. But a semiconductor is a man made material that can be
made to conduct electricity at sometimes and conduct other
times.
4. Semiconductors are used to create discrete electronic circuit
elements , like transistors , diode and to simulate resistances,
inductances and capacitance also integrated circuit chips.
6
Electronic device and circuit
7. How works electronic devices ?
The heart of modern electronic devices are semiconductors
and these semiconductors are two types
1.Pure or intrinsic semiconductor:
Example: Silicon, Germanium
2.Impure or extrinsic semiconductor:
There are two types : p –type and n- type semiconductor.
Both p and n –type semiconductors are made with doping
on the pure semiconductors. As pure semiconductors
conductivity is not up to the mark. We use doping method
pure semiconductors to increase conductivity
7
Electronic device and circuit
8. Doping
1. In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional
introduction of impurities into an
intrinsic semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its
electrical, optical and structural properties.
2.The doped material is referred to as an
extrinsic semiconductor. Doping is also used to control the
color in some pigments.
8
Electronic device and circuit
9. History of semiconductors :
The story starts with named william shockley.He was a
brilliant academic from eqully roots. His father was a
mining engineer fluent in eight languages, and his mother
was a highly successful Standford graduate. The three
scientists were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in
Physics for "their researches on semiconductors and their
discovery of the transistor effect".
9
Electronic device and circuit
10. Semiconductor/electronic device in
computer science:
The importance of those semiconductor/electronic device is huge in computer
science education and we will discuss some of these here:
1.These devices are made with silicon that heart of all personal computer
2.Semiconductors allow electricity to be used to perform just about all of the
useful functions we see in everyday life.
3.A large number of these semiconductor switches (called transistors) can be
built on tinny pieces of silicon and used perform calculations. Even in
supercomputer also use of semiconductor
4. In computer signaling LED which is made with diode.
5. Digital signaling system totally dependent on semiconductor.
6. Each and every system as like as motherboard, CPU also semiconductors
device
7.Even in memory card to flash drive using semiconductors devices for saving
data 10
Electronic device and circuit
11. Semiconductor/electronic device in
computer science:
1.Big data center is using semiconductor systems.
2. Cloud computing is totally based on data center.
3.Techgiants like google, facebook are making millions of
data. To save those information they are using harddrives
on the computer systems which are totally based on
semiconductors technologies
11
Electronic device and circuit
12. Values:
1. There are lot of demand of semiconductors on the
electronic industries
2. There has been created lot of semiconductors
companies in the world. Some of these prominent
company : Intel, samsung, Texus, Tosihba
12
Electronic device and circuit
13. Conculsion
Without semiconductors in 20th century is like impossible
things. Because now simple calculator, wrist watch, tablet PCs
each and every digital devices are built with semiconductors
technologies.
Whole data base systems are now rely on semiconductors
directly or indirectly.
Even the digital lighting systems to surrounding all the
following semiconductors technologies.
So that this modern age would be impossible without
semiconductors that means without electronic device
knowledge in the computer science education the modern era
would be impossible.
13
Electronic device and circuit