We see a lot of hype about security in today's networks. This presentation outlines where cybersecurity is going, the global paradigm, the role of government and civil society in building transparency as security evolves.

1. Cybersecurity: Increased
Transparency and the Role of
Civil Society
Presented by Sarah Granger
from the Center for Technology, Media & Society
to the Monterey Institute of International Studies
May 7, 2013

2. Cyber Threats

3. Reality

4. Threat Origins
• State based military cyber offense experts
• Mercenary hacker networks, hired by
governments or non-state organizations
including terrorist groups
• Rogue hackers
• Hactivists

5. Who’s on Alert?
• Military / DoD
• Critical infrastructure organizations
• Government agencies
• Financial Industry
• Companies with valuable technologies
• Media

6. Expanding Concerns
• No longer in the Containment Era – new
threats everywhere
• Technology and hacking tools becoming
easier and cheaper to obtain
• Critical systems decentralized and often
privately held, security levels unknown
• Most incidents happen across multiple
boundaries; tracking is difficult & law
enforcement challenging

7. The New Military

8. Meanwhile…
• Greater demand from the public for
government transparency
• Greater push within government for
increased transparency
• International pressure for responsible
governance

9. Walking Transparency
Talk

10. Transparent
Cybersecurity
• White House cybersecurity executive order for
improving critical infrastructure
• Transparent process involving multiple
stakeholders, including civil society leaders
• Public-private partnerships, information sharing
• General public providing tips, assistance via social
media
• Hactivists participating in limited major events

11. Recent Examples
• Wikileaks – hacker group stole
information, published secrets
• Stuxnet – military cyber
offensive used for kinetic attack
• Boston – public use of social
media assisted in apprehension

12. Gray Areas
• Pre-emptive cyber attacks (Iran)
• Hybrid attacks (Israel)
• Cyber espionage (China)
• Propaganda proliferation (North Korea)
• Surveillance (UK)
• Censorship (Everywhere)

13. The New Normal

14. Global Paradigm
• Blending of virtual and physical security
• Assumption of ubiquitous connectedness and
limitless data
• Creation of resilient, protective defensive networks
• Adoption of dispersed threat response framework
• Recognition and preparation of scalable policies

15. Government Shifts…
• Away from coercion, toward credible influence
• Away from exclusion, toward participation
• Away from borders, toward networks
• Away from secrecy, toward transparency
• Away from reaction, toward resilience
• Away from containment, toward sustainment

16. Role of Civil Society
• Education – to government, stakeholders, public
• Participation – engaged with government
initiatives
• Innovation – providing new tools, technologies,
processes
• Partnerships – building bridges between
government and industry, academia, general
public
• Vigilance – never letting up on the role of
transparency

17. Major Hurdles
• Accelerated growth of technology
• Limited human resources in government
• Existing bureaucracy, red tape
• Existing power structures around security
• Data ownership disputes
• Silos of open government communities
• Language barrier between government, public

18. At the End of the Tunnel

19. Seeds of Success
 We’re learning (ref. recent major hacks, Boston
response)
 Access to government data and information
becoming easier and cheaper
 Civil society is becoming closer to government
through social media, crowd sourcing
 More online services than ever before
 Rapid response is becoming a reality

20. Next Steps
• Increase technology education of government
leaders, work force
• Build better crowd sourcing and communication
tools for all – from White House to town councils
• Adopt smarter policies, including mobile and
social
• Open data gradually and purposefully
• Invite officials to participate in the dialogue online

21. Questions?
Contact:
Sarah Granger
Center for Technology, Media & Society
http://www.cftms.org
Twitter: @sarahgranger @cftms
sarah@sarahgranger.com