This document provides an overview of scientific discoveries and cultural developments during the modern age. It outlines key scientific figures like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Descartes, and Newton and their contributions to understanding the solar system, blood circulation, the existence of thought, and plants. In art and culture, it mentions periods like the Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical eras and influential artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bernini, Rembrandt, Rubens, Caravaggio, and Spanish writers and painters including Santa Teresa de Jesus, Calderon de la Barca, and Velazquez.