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Social Machines: Theoretical perspectives, Paul Smart
This document outlines the structure and content of a book on theoretical perspectives of social machines. It discusses various views of social machines, including the mechanistic view which focuses on socio-technical mechanisms. It also examines how different views like the content creation view and extended systems view can co-exist under a relaxed pluralism. The conclusion advocates seeing social machines as systems realized by socio-technical mechanisms and as socially situated machines. The document lists several publications by the author on related topics of social machines and machine intelligence.
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- 1. Social Machines: Theoretical Perspectives September2017 Oxford, UK Paul Smart
- 3. Book Structure Sections • UnderstandingSocial Machines • Varieties of Social Machines • Interdisciplinary Linkages Chapters • Views of Social Machines • The Mechanistic View of Social Machines • Views, Revisited • The Conceptual Landscape of the Social Web
- 4. Book Structure Sections • UnderstandingSocial Machines • Varieties of Social Machines • Interdisciplinary Linkages Chapters • Socio-Technical Mechanisms • Classifying Social Machines • The Social Machine Morphospace
- 5. Book Structure Sections • UnderstandingSocial Machines • Varieties of Social Machines • Implications and Interdisciplinary Linkages Chapters • Social Machines and Social Mechanisms • Social Physics • Knowledge Machines • Problem-Solving Engines • The Social Computer
- 6. Views of SocialMachines Content Creation View Sociable Machines View Socially-Situated Machines View Extended Systems View Cognitive Systems View Socio-Computational View Narratological View Process View
- 7. Views of SocialMachines Content Creation View Sociable Machines View Socially-Situated Machines View Extended Systems View Cognitive Systems View Socio-Computational View Narratological View Process View
- 8. The Mechanistic View •Focus on socio-technical mechanisms. • Socio-technical mechanisms? • Mechanisms: • “A mechanism for a phenomenon consists of entities (or parts) whose activities and interactions are organized so as to be responsible for the phenomenon.” • Socio-technical mechanisms: • Mechanisms made of people and technology.
- 9. Social Machine (Ψ-ing) X3Φ3-ing X2Φ2-ing X1Φ1-ingX5Φ5-ing Socio-Technical Mechanism Phenomenon MECHANISTIC REALIZATION/CONSTITUTION
- 10. Views of SocialMachines Content Creation View Sociable Machines View Socially-Situated Machines View Extended Systems View Cognitive Systems View Socio-Computational View Narratological View Process View
- 11. Views of SocialMachines Content Creation View Sociable Machines View Socially-Situated Machines View Extended Systems View Cognitive Systems View Socio-Computational View Narratological View Process View
- 12. Room for theViews? • Content Creation View: • human and machine components assigned specific functional roles. • Extended Systems View: • human-extended machine cognition. • Process View: • processes realized by socio-technical mechanisms. • Cognitive Systems View: • phenomena of the cognitive kind. • Socio-Computational View: • phenomena of the computational kind. • Narratological View: • descriptions of mechanisms (Little, 2018).
- 13. Socially-Situated Machines • Smartand Madaan (in press): • The human mind is a socially-created artefact (phylogeny / ontogeny). • Two Red Queens: • Socio-cognitive complexity. • Socio-ecological variability. • Internet provides contact with humanity. • Social scaffolding of machine intelligence. • AI as the product of social machines?
- 14. The Gift ofLanguage
- 15. Conclusion • Mechanistic View: •Social machines as systems whose states, events and processes are realized by socio- technical mechanisms. • Relaxed (but not lazy) pluralism: • Multispectral conceptual analysis. • Socially-Situated Machines Views: • Social machines as socially-situated machines.
- 16. Publications • Smart, P.R. (2017) Machine Intelligence and the Social Web: How to Get a Cognitive Upgrade. COGNITIVE’17, Athens, Greece. • Smart, P. R. and Madaan (in press) The Social Scaffolding of Machine Intelligence. Int. Journal of Adv. Cognitive Systems. • Smart, P. R. (in press) Predicting Me: A Route to Digital Immortality? In The Mind–Technology Problem. Springer, Berlin, Germany. • Smart et al. (submitted) Towards an Understanding of Social Machines. AI & Society. • Smart et al (in prep) Social Machines: A Mechanistic Perspective.