The document describes an automatic irrigation system that uses a soil moisture sensor and microcontroller to minimize water waste and manual labor in agriculture. The system monitors soil moisture levels and automatically turns a motor on to start irrigation when the soil is dry and off when the soil is wet. An owner can also control the motor remotely via text messages to a GSM modem. The system aims to save water, energy, and labor costs while precisely meeting crops' watering needs. It could help farmers in India where seasonal rainfall means manual pumping is currently required.

1. AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Presented by,
SARIN.S.ABRAHAM
JUSTIN
SHANSON JOHN SHAJI
SREERAJ R NAIR
Guided by

2. INTRODUCTION
• In India, agriculture is a major occupation of the people. The major part of
the country receives seasonal rainfall. Here the farmers pump the water
manually, hence there is a major problem of wastage and the crops
receive in adequate amount of water . This results in damage of crops and
poor profits during harvest.
• Therefore our aim is to replace manual intervention of farmers, by using
microcontroller which would minimize wastage of water,i.e it would
automatically water the crop when their is lack of moister content in soil,
which gives much needed rest and saves a lot time of farmers.

3. MOTIVATION
• To save water, energy and man power in the agriculture field.
• Converting from labour-intensive method to modern-scientific
method.Hence reduce labour costs.
• Much watering to crops results in disease and may even die out, with the
help of the micro controllers watering can be uniformly precise and at
required level. This reduces unwanted weed growth and is a major step for
water conservation.
• Remote control access of the system as well as handle the system
manually.
• To design, which will be less costly, easy to handle, efficient and putting
minimal efforts of the farmer.

4. BLOCK DIAGRAM
SOIL
MOISTURE
SENSOR

5. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
When,
SOIL IS WET MOTOR IS OFF IRRIGATION STOPS
SOIL IS DRY MOTOR IS ON IRRIGATION STARTS
&
ALSO CONTROLS THE FUNCTION OF THE
MOTOR THROUGH MOBILE(GSM) VIA SMS

6. WORKING
{ Assuming, cotton piece as portion of soil}
• When the soil is dry (putting dry cotton piece), lack of moister content, is
detect in the sensor. The motor starts working, ie irrigation process starts.
At the same time, a message is send to the owner as “MOTOR ON”
• When the soil is wet (putting wet cotton piece), moister content, is detect
in the sensor. The motor stops working, ie irrigation process stops. At the
same time, a message is send to the owner as “MOTOR OFF”
• The owner can conrol the operation of the motor by sending a text
message as XMOF for motor off and XMON for motor on through gsm
modem

7. start
Initalizing
8051
Allow
connec
tion to
device
Get data from field station
wet
Motor ON
Status
update
Initalise gsm
Wait for
stop
message
Check
condit
ion
MSG
recieve
Stop motor
Initalise gsm
Send msg
Status
update
Motor OFF
Yes
No
No
Yes
XMON
XMOF
Program Flow
Chart

8. HARDWARE COMPONENTS:
• Microcontroller (AT89C51)
• Soil Moisture Sensor
• Pumping Motor
• Power Supply
• GSM Modem
FIG:AUTOMATIC IRRGATION SYSTEM

9. SOFTWARES
Kiel U vision
Proload
Terminal
Irrigation purpose
Field monitoring system
APPLICATONS

10. ADVANTAGE
• Saves water - Studies show that drip irrigation systems use 30 -
50% less water than conventional watering methods, such as
sprinklers.
• Saves time - Setting and moving sprinklers is not required. A
timer delay as per environment can be added to the system for
automatic watering
• Simplest Method - Start by drawing a map of your garden and
yard, showing the location of plantings. Measure the distances
required for lengths of hose or plastic tubing to reach the
desired areas
• Discourages weeds - Water is only delivered where it's needed.

11. Conclusion & Result
A Automatic irrigation systems have been proposed, but
most of them have been found to be very expensive and in
avalabile. In the future each of the farmer, whether poor or
uneducated might wake up in the wake up in need of such a
system, therefore the proposed applications must be targeting
an automatic irrigation systems with minimal cost, time and
human-computer interaction.
By this mini project we can control the moisture content
of the soil in the cultivating field automatically.

12. THANK YOU.