it is a prototype arduino based auto irrigation system which turns on the pump while the field is dry. it uses soil moisture sensor to detect the amount of soil moisture content. As the system is arduino based it uses an arduino software which can be downloaded from https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software

1. Under the guidance of Mr. Anand Deshmukh
Presented by
Abhishek T 2SD12EE002
Shashikala 2SD12EE048
Suved Mahajan 2SD12EE057
Md. Rafi 2SD12EE065

2. Need for
automation
Circuit
Diagram
Why
Arduino?
How it
works?
Programming
an arduino
Results
Contents

3. Conclusion
Contd…
Advantages &
disadvantages

4. • Automatic irrigation systems can be programmed to
discharge more precise amounts of water in a targeted
area, which promotes water conservation.
• To ensure the planned usage of water so that a lot of
water can be saved from being wasted.
• To ease the work of the farmers by reducing frequent
rounds to the field.
• To reduce hazardous electric shocks to the farmers while
switching ON the pump.

5. • A large assortment of included libraries for
interfacing to a wide range of hardware.
• An Arduino includes important on-board
peripherals like ADC & DAC , but 8051 won’t.
• Least maintenance is required : once
programmed the product may work life long.
• 14 digital pins and 6 analog pins: These pins are
key for extending the computing capability of
the Arduino into the real world.
• An open source design: debugging is easier
because large number of people using and
troubleshooting it.

6. Hardware and software requirements
Hardware requirements :
1. Arduino UNO board
2. Soil moisture sensor
3. LM-393 Driver
4. 20x4 LCD display
5. Stepper motor (used as a rotating platform for the water pipe)
6. L293D driver for stepper motor
7. Submersible Water Pump
8. 12V, 2A Adapter
9. TIP 122 transistor
10. IN4007S Diode
11. Resistors
12. 10k pot
13. Jumper wires
14. Water pipes
15. Bread boards.
Software requirements : The Arduino software (can be downloaded
from official Arduino website)

7. Circuit diagram

9. Calculating R1:
The above circuit is to be designed for the value of R1 through which pin 13 of
arduino sends a signal. From the data sheet of transistor TIP122, we have
Current Gain=1000 Current gain =
𝐼𝑐
𝐼𝑏
Ic = 2A
To find Ib:
Ib =
2
1000
Ib = 2mA.
To find R1:
R1=(V-Vbe)/Ib
R1=(5-2)/2x10-3
R1 = 1.5 KΩ (this resistor connects base of TIP122 & pin 13 of arduino)

10. Graph obtained for a sample of a soil:
Significance of the graph :
It indicates the moisture level of a soil sample.
the lowest percentage moisture is 1%(1023) in the graph i.e.
the field is too dry. The field needs to be irrigated.

11. When the pump starts to irrigate the field the moisture level
in the soil increases, when percentage moisture reaches 60%
or 62% (400) the pump automatically turns off indicating that
there is sufficient moisture in the soil.

12. Applications
• It can be agricultural fields, lawns & as drip
irrigation sytems.
• It can be used for cultivation purposes.
• It can be used to provide water in nursery
planting arena.
• It can be used for wide range of crops as one can
customize reference required for different kind of
crops.
• Pond water management and water transfer.

13. Conclusion
• Using the automated irrigation system
optimizes the usage of water by reducing
wastage of water.
• The proposed controller eliminates the
manual switching mechanism used by the
farmers.
• The system can also be designed for
temperature sensor based cooling system for
temperature sensitive plants.
• The use of this system will be able to
contribute to the socio-economic development
of the nation.
• It is Fast response & User friendly.

14. References:
[1] Energy management in an automated powered irrigation system Yalla, S.P.; Kumar
K.V.R.; Ramesh, B.Year: 2013 IEEE Conference Publications.
[2] Arduino based Automated irrigation system using power using solar Uddin, J.; Reza,
S.M.T.; Newaz, Q.; Uddin, J.; Islam, T.; Jong-Myon Kim Year: 2012 IEEE Conference
Publications.
[3]Solar powered wireless multi-sensor device for an irrigation system Codreanu, N.;
Varzaru, G.; Ionescu, C. Electronics Technology (ISSE), Year: 2014 IEEE Conference
Publications
[4]The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C Second Edition
Muhammad Ali Mazidi Janice Gillispie Mazidi Rolin D. McKinlay.
[5]M. D. Dukes, J. M. Scholberg,”Soil Moisture Controlled Subsurface Drip Irrigation On
Sandy Soils”,Applied Engineering in Agriculture,Vol. 21(1): 89−101,2005.