Ukraine Research Paper

Ukraine Research Paper
UKRAINE
Introduction_ Current
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia, Belarus, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova. It is also bordered by two
major Sea's called Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Ukraine has an area of 603,628 km2 (233,062 sq mi), making it the largest country entirely withinEurope
and the 46th largest country in the world, and a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world.
Ukraine is a large country in Eastern Europe known for its Orthodox churches, Black Sea coastline and forested mountains. Its capital, Kiev, features the
gold–domed St. Sophia's Cathedral, with 11th–century mosaics and frescoes. Overlooking the Dnieper River is the Kiev Pechersk Lavra ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is another Important factor in the growth of the Zaporizhian Cossacks. They had Favourable conditions to sell the grain to Weastern Europe,
The polish introuced a manorial system of agriculture. they asked for peasentry. they alloted less lands to the people they gave less freedom to
people and their land. Then, The Fugitive peasents and Townpeople fled to steppes and established settlements, for a specific time period of 30 years
. they fought for the Right to tax free settlement called Sloboda. and also they called themselves as Cossacks. But the Polish Kings who occupied
created large latifundia and also tried to impose feudal dependency on both peasents and cossacks. these all led to bloody conflicts in which cossacks
fought the polish government and the landowners, all of them brutally suppressed by the Poles. the growth of cossacks brought a confusion for the
polish Government that the cossacks are helpfull for the defence of steppe frontier. they tried to control the cossack problem but they lost in the hands
of cossacks. the cossacks became more stronger in the 17th century. Hetman petro Konashevych–sahaidachny spread their fame through successful
campains against the tatars and the turks. also revived the traditions of the Kyivan Rus
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Poland's Role Of The State Of Poland
The Republic of Poland, commonly referred to simply as Poland, is a unitary state that operates with a parliamentary republic government. In
addition, Poland has also been a member of the European Parliament since 2004 in which it is the sixth largest member state with a population of over
38.53 million as of 2013. The politics of Poland can arguably be viewed as complex to an outsider, such as one from the United States of America.
Unlike the United States, Poland does not use a two–party system in elections and it also operates under a semi–presidential system meaning the
country has both a president and prime minister. Poland operates with a semi–presidential system in which there is both a president and a prime
minister taking part ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Duda is an independent politician meaning he does not particularly align with any political party. Contrarily, SzydЕ‚o is a member of the political
party known as the Law and Justice party. The political parties, or lack of, of Polish politics can greatly assist in influencing how Poland is governed.
Poland operates under a multi–party system in which various political parties compete against one another in elections. This system contrasts from the
United States in that the United States operates within a two–party system in which elections are between only two major political parties. Poland
currently has 15 political parties that hold seats in either the Sejm, Senate or the European Parliament. These parties include Law and Justice, Civic
Platform, Modern, Polish People's Party, Union of European Democrats, Union of European Democrats, Democratic Left Alliance, Solidary Poland,
Poland Together, Liberty, Congress of the New Right, Right Wing of the Republic, National Movement, Real Politics Union, Labour United and
National–Catholic Movement. Civic Platform and Law and Justice are the two major political parties of Poland, as they accumulate the most seats by a
plurality in the Sejm, Senate and European Parliament. Due to their pluralities in these institutions, members of these two parties have a large impact
and influence on decisions in the country of Poland. In addition to

The Second Polish Republic
The history of Poland results from the migrations of Slavs who established permanent settlements on the Polish lands during the Early Middle Ages.
In 966 AD, Duke Mieszko I of the Piast dynasty adopted Western Christianity; in 1025 Mieszko's son BolesЕ‚aw I Chrobry formally established a
medieval kingdom. The period of the Jagiellonian dynasty in the 14th–16th centuries brought close ties with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a cultural
Renaissance in Poland and territorial expansion that culminated in the establishment of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1569.
The Commonwealth in its early phase represented a continuation of Jagiellonian prosperity, with its remarkable development of a sophisticated noble
democracy. From the mid–17th century the huge state entered a period of decline caused by devastating wars and by the deterioration of the country's
political system. Significant ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Millions of Polish citizens perished in the course of the Nazi occupation of Poland between 1939 and 1945 as Germany classified ethnic Poles and
other Slavs, Jews and Romani as subhuman. Nazi authorities targeted the last two groups for extermination in the short term, deferring the
extermination and/or enslavement of the Slavs as part of the "Generalplan Ost" conceived by the Nazi rГ©gime. A Polish government–in–exile
nonetheless functioned throughout the war and the Poles contributed to the Allied victory through participation in military campaigns, including the
final anti–German offensives, on both the eastern and western fronts. The westward advances of the Soviet Red Army in 1944 and 1945 compelled Nazi
Germany's forces to retreat from Poland, which led to the establishment of a communist satellite state of the Soviet Union, known from 1952 as the
Polish People's

Poland As A Developed Nation
Poland as a Developed Nation Every nation on this planet seeks to grow and develop. In recent years, the European Union formed to help the
European nations grow and develop. Europe is no stranger to conflict of opinion. Many nations have been under duress economically, politically, or
even socially. Poland is setting itself to become a key European nation. Poland has had many tribulations in attempt to move forward. Poland has come
a long way from the influence of Russia. The Polish government voted and approved a constitution post communism in 1997. "The 1997 constitution
was the result of an extended drafting process that started with roundtable talks in early 1989." (Poland 1997) This was a big move for the country to
establish itself and create order among its people. This constitution helped outline The Republic of Poland 's future. The politicians and diplomats of the
country worked diligently to create opportunity and growth throughout their borders. Unfortunately, not everyone agreed the governance of the country
was correct. "[O]ver 2.2 million Poles have left Poland for other EU countries in the past 12 years, and the ones who stayed behind are witnesses to a
process that atrophies the state, rather than making it fully democratic and stronger." (Monroe 2016) Many have fled the country because of the
leadership and opportunities abroad. This suggests that the politicians do not have the countries interest in mind. An example of this

Franco and Fascist Spain
The long term misunderstanding and simplification of RIGHT vs. LEFT terminology in political discourse is responsible for the misconception that
"The RIGHT" with its emphasis on traditional, nationalistic, conservative or religious values is inevitably a step in the direction of the FAR RIGHT
"ending in Fascism." Yet history has demonstrated that both political extremes share a basic common appeal to the "masses" and depend on a
collectivist ideology that glorifies abstractions such as "The Nation," "The People," "The Throne" or "The Working Class."
On the eve of World War II, various so called "Right Wing" authoritarian regimes of the conservative, traditional, national and religious type (always
considered by the Left to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many conservative supporters of the church, military and monarchy were concerned as much by the leader of the Falange, Jose Antonio, (always
referred to by his admirers and followers by his first names only) as by the Marxists and their myriad anarchist and socialist parties. The moderate
conservative right, monarchist and centrist parties that opposed the Leftist "Popular Front" in the elections in 1936 refused to enter into an electoral
alliance with the Falange which stood isolated.
Jose Antonio had stepped on too many toes by his justifiable criticism of scandal and corruption among parties of all shades. His calls for social
justice for the Spanish working class, small farmers and agricultural workers led to charges by the Catholic and conservative Right Wing Press that he
was a "Bolshevik" to which he responded that all those wealthy Spaniards who valued luxuries and their petty whims more than the hunger of the
people were the real Bolsheviks –"the Bolshevism of the Privileged" and added oil to the fire by proclaiming "In the depths of our souls there
vibrates a sympathy toward many people of the Left who have arrived at hatred by the same path which has led us to love – criticism of a sad
mediocre, miserable and melancholy Spain."
Mussolini had been a Socialist in his youth and shown anti–Catholic sentiments during the first ten years of Fascist rule. Similarly in Spain, the
Catholic Church was suspicious of the Falange and its street

Religious Conflicts: The Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War did not emerge merely as a class conflict; the dispute was also a religious conflict that had some of the characteristic of the
insurgencies that occurred in Eastern Europe. Such as in Poland, the Catholic Church in Spain counterpoised the Communist administration. The most
notable countermovement in Poland was Solidarity, which sought a wide–reaching change in the ethical principles that guided Communism and which
in most cases was advocated through powerful religious rhetoric and connotations. Moreover, the emergence and growth of Solidarity and therefore
the downfall of the Polish Communist regime was to a great extend caused by Pope John Paul II and the visits he paid to his native Poland. John Paul
II drew forth... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They came to the same conclusion as Britain did: a direct action in Spain would almost certainly cause a strong reaction by Germany and Italy. It was
not until a meeting in August 8, 1936 that the French government explicitly and officially adopted neutrality in the conflict. The determinant factors
that caused Blum to accept neutrality were the following: the realization of the likelihood of an European war arising from the conflict in Spain, the
absence of British backing, the inner disunity within his government, and because of the danger that socialist extremists posed by threatening to
dissipate the French Popular Front

The Treaty Of Non Aggression Treaty
The MolotovВ–Ribbentrop pact, named after the Soviet secretary of state Vyacheslav Molotov and also the German secretary of state Joachim von
Ribbentrop, formally the treaty of Non–aggression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and additionally called the
RibbentropВ–Molotov pact or NaziВ–Soviet pact, was a non–aggression treaty signed in Moscow within the late hours of twenty three August 1939.
The pact 's publicly declared intentions were a guarantee of non–belligerence by every party towards the opposite the others a commitment that neither
party would ally itself to or aid an enemy of the opposite party. Additionally to stipulations of non–aggression, the accord enclosed a secret protocol that
divided... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pact remained operative till the German government violated it by attacking the USSR on 22 June 1941. On 16 April 1922, Germany and also the
USSR entered the treaty of Rapallo, pursuant to which they renounced territorial and economical claims against one another. The parties further
pledged neutrality within the event of an attack against each other with the 1926 written agreement of Berlin. Whereas trade between the 2 countries
fell sharply when world war I, trade agreements signed within the mid–1920s helped to extend trade to 433 million Reichsmarks each year by 1927. At
the start of the Thirties, the Nazi Party 's rise to power multiplied tensions between Germany and the USSR at the side of different countries with ethnic
Slavs, who were considered "Untermenschen" according to Nazi racial ideology. Moreover, the anti–Semitic Nazis associated ethnic Jews with each
communism and money laissez–faire economy, each of that they opposed. Consequently, Nazi theory command that Slavs within the USSR were being
ruled by "Jewish Bolshevik" masters. In 1934, Adolf Hitler himself had spoken of an unavoidable battle against each Pan–Slavism and Neo–Slavism,
the conclusion in which would result in "permanent mastery of the world", tho ' he declared that they 'd "walk a part of the road with the Russians, if
that may facilitate United States of America." The

Taking a Look at Primark
Primark is an Irish retailing company that is widely established in the value fashion sector. The company is a subsidiary of ABF plc (Associated
British Foods) and its main headquarters are in Dublin, Ireland, where the first store opened on Mary Street in 1969 under the trading name Penneys.
Primark now operates in 9 countries, 268 stores, in Ireland (branded as Penneys), the United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Portugal, Germany,
Belgium, Austria and France. The company employs more than 48,000 people across its European stores on more than 9 million square feet of retail
selling space. Although Primark is primarily known for offering on–trend ladies fashion at the low cost end of the market, it stocks a diverse range of
products including baby and kids clothes, menswear, footwear, accessories, home ware, beauty products and confectionery. Primark prides itself on
being "adored by fashion fans and value seekers alike" and being "right on the bubble in terms of fashion and what people want to buy". The company
does so by keeping costs to a minimum, getting its buying right and investing in big bright stores. According to ABF, Primark sold out both its autumn
/winter and spring/summer ranges with little discount, which is a 'testament to the success' of the company's buying teams. The company has all of its
merchandise made specifically for its stores and so Primark has its own fast–fashion brand names. ABF's Annual Results Announcement 2013 reported
that Primark had

Collective Memory
Narratives are the culturally historical symbols and "memories" nation's use to uphold modern values, customs, and practices. Through the course of
history and the collective memory of the people, a variety of narratives are formed; and while some last in the mainstream, other narratives fade into the
background of the national and practiced culture. However, these narratives do not necessarily disappear, and some remain relatively strong in the
mentalities of the publicвЂ•even in times of legitimate and/or long–lasting hegemonic values that stand in opposition. This paper will examine the
influences of official and alternative narratives, how they are selected through historical and collective memory, and hegemonic impacts through the
narratives... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, by generating the Communistic pride and strength with themes of celebration, such as the May Day parades (International Worker's Day)
and the October Revolution, Gierek gave the public a new social and political culture and narrative of practice. He continued this patriotic theme of
Communistic and authoritative legitimacy through propagating regularly social and politically cultural events, instilling the public with deeper
connectivity to the Communist regime and the pride one can take in its governance. While these strategies showed relative but temporary success,
Kubik notes ceremonials and rituals that took stronger hold amongst the Polish public:

A New Middle Class Government And The Declaration Of The...
Dylan Johnson
APUSH
Final Research Paper
From the election of a new middle class government and the declaration of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931 until the outbreak of the Spanish
Civil War in 1936, Spanish society struggled to establish a stable, representativedemocracy for only the second time in its long political history. With
the spread of industrialization, the rise of a new working class, and the emergence of a new era of political movements, ideals, and philosophical
ideologies or "isms" throughout Europe and the United States–communism, socialism, marxism, anarchism, fascism, etc., Spanish society grappled to
find common ground between more traditional and conservative political groups–the Catholic church, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The war also embroiled many other European and world nations and pitted supporters and opponents of democracy, fascism, communism, and anarchy
against each other in what many critics have labeled a prelude to World War II. TheSpanish Civil War, choking the unity of the United States,
exacerbated already present political and public rifts of the nation, bringing into question the claimed neutrality of America throughout the three–year
war. Although the Spanish Republican government had been democratically elected and the Nationalist side was allied with and receiving support
from Mussolini's Italy and Hitler's Germany, who guaranteed a Franco victory along as a result of their support rather than supporting the Republic, the
American government approved an official Act of Neutralityi. US diplomatic officials in Spain were even told to refrain from any interference with the
unfortunate Spanish situation.ii The United States viewed their role in the conflict as one of keeping Democratic European nations from embarrassing
themselves in the attempt to "localize the Spanish Civil War."iii Although Germany and Italy officially agreed to this stance of non
–intervention,
German aircraft was used to bomb the innocent Republican town of Guernica, murdering 800 townsfolk, mostly women and children, while the
majority of the town's men were away working in the fields.iv The city, too small to be of any military threat to

The Impact Of 1848 Was The Year Of Revolutions
Nationalism is defined as spirit or aspirations common to the whole of a nation; devotion and loyalty to one's own country; patriotism; excessive
patriotism. In 1848, Europe experienced back to back revolutions in different countries led by rebels and nationalists who wanted constitutional and
democratic governments to replace the monarchies that ruled. Although these revolutions were unsuccessful in achieving their goals of turning their
country into a new,stronger nation, they did have significant impacts in Italy, France, Austria and Germany, where they influenced the course of future
political change.
1848 was the year of revolutions. The Revolution in France gave its people a new wave of nationalistic pride and it ignited a fire to a series of
revolutions in Western and Central Europe. However, the new French... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Soon after, however, the republic moved in a conservative direction, and Louis–NapolГ©on Bonaparte, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, was elected
president with the support of farmers and peasants. Four years later in 1852, Louis Napoleon abolished the Republic, established the Second French
Empire and declared himself Emperor Napoleon III. After the revolution of 1830, Louis Philippe took over the throne in place of Charles X. Louis
Philippe sat at the head of a moderately liberal state controlled mainly by educated elites. Supported by the Orleanists, he was opposed on his right by
the Legitimists (former ultra–royalists) and on his left by the Republicans and Socialists. Under his rule, privileged groups were favored, and only
approximately 1% of the French population were allowed to vote. Louis Philippe was viewed as generally indifferent to the needs of society, and was
therefore turned against by even some of his liberal supporters, because of opposition towards

Pablo Picasso Guernica Essay
The echo of war resonates in the air of the countries and the hearts of the people it has affected even years after it subsides. When Pablo Picasso
created the larger–than–life mural Guernica, it becomes rightly apparent that Picasso wanted it to impact the people so as to gain more support and
sympathy for the Spanish Republican cause, but I am not exactly sure if he realized how relatable this painting would be for all of the wars of the
future that would follow after World War II. Viewing the painting from an inevitably political perspective, I find the picture to speak loudly to my own
views on the necessity of war, particularly on innocent bystanders and civilians, which, from my understanding, relate greatly to Picasso's own anti–war
sentiments. War impacts everyone differently, especially since it is dependent on multiple, subjective matters: feelings towards both fighting sides,
relationships to soldiers, perspective on how necessary the war may appear, and so on. Up until May 1, 1937, Picasso had been relatively uninspired
for his grand addition to the Spanish Pavilion at the Paris World's Fair. His stance on the war greatly inspired the mural. He was very much against the
Spanish dictatorship taken on by Generalissimo... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As someone whose family comes has suffered from genocide, I feel as though I can understand Picasso's pain for the Spanish people that he
emulated onto the canvas. In the end, it comes down to political perspective and how one may relate this to a social or political problem going on
during their time. All social and political problems are ultimately wars, at least in a figurative sense. Picasso's mural can relate to any issue that we
have faced, are confronted with, or will have to overcome in the future, which defines it as the greatest anti–war piece, at least in my

The Spanish Civil War: The Second Spanish Republic
In 1936, the Spanish Civil War started on a hot summer day in July in the Spanish held Morocco. There was a group of generals that started a coup
d'etat against the republic to start a more nationalist country. One of these generals, Francisco Franco, called for all army officers to join and destroy
the leftist government of Manuel Azana, the Second Spanish Republic. They succeeded in taking over with the help of the Republicans in Madrid and
other major Spanish cities. The new inventions of carpet bombing, a large aerial bombing done in a progressive manner, by Luftwaffe, was used in
many cities but a major use was in the Spanish town of Guernica. The nationalists wanted a strong singular government that some cities didn't want,
such as Catalonia ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Francisco Franco would be known as a fascist by modern standards. Fascism is a totalitarian philosophy of government that glorifies the state and
nation and assigns to the state control over every aspect of national life. The regular concept that comes out of Fascism is the suppression of
religion by outlawing the right of freedom of the practice of religion. Instead of suppressing religion, Spain actually increased the power of the
clergy to have policing power. The Law of Political Responsibility in 1939 gave the church powers equal to those as government officials and those
officials had to get statements from the priest. This made Spain in the minority of the world powers that were fascist including Germany and Italy. For
example, Germany suppressed catholicism by outlawing the practice and imprisoned the priests in Germany and Poland. They also killed many
catholics and jews because they wanted them to be the only thing that the citizens believed in. Italy in tern abolished the papal states in favor of
putting the Capitol in Rome and they melded religious religious rhetoric and symbolism into their policies. They also made catholicism the state
religion, which is typical form of fascism by mainly religious

A Brief Note On The World War II
Monika Gruca
Professor Moore
History 150
9 May 2015
Final Exam
Part I: Identifications
1.Fascism–
Fascism is a governmental system led by a dictator having complete power. It is usually emphasized by aggressive nationalism and often racism. Two
countries that adopted fascism were Germany and Italy. Germany was under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, while Italy was under Benito Mussolini.
Fascism led both countries to have extreme nationalism and instilled a great sense of pride in both countries. This great national pride can be seen
during the initial years of World War II. Both countries took aggressive actions in Europe and Africa because of their national pride.
2.Calvinism–
Calvinism was a branch of Protestantism formed by John ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bismarck was a master political strategist who was able to make many alliances that helped secure Germany security. Following German unification
Germany became one of the most powerful nations in Europe.
4.The Black Plague–
The Black Plague or popularly know as the "Black Death" was one of the most horrifying and deadly diseases in human history. Between 75 and 200
million people were estimated to have died. From 1346 to 1353 the Black Death was expanding across Europe. The Plague created religious, social,
and economic problems all across Europe.
5.Glorious Revolution–
The Glorious Revolution also called the Bloodless Revolution occurred between 1688–1689. This resulted in the deposition of James II and the
accession of his daughter Mary II and her husband William III who was the prince of Orange and stadholder of the Netherlands. With their ascension to
the throne came the constitutionalized English Bill of Rights of 1689. The revolution permanently established Parliament as the main ruling power of
England.
Part II: Essays
2. Nationalism

At the beginning of the 19th century there was a turn from religious loyalty or loyalty given to a particular leader towards loyalty owed to a particular
nation. Nationalism came from the formation of the public sphere. It allowed for the institution of patriotic symbols such as national songs, literature,
and emblems. The French Revolution was the first to institute the idea of a nation–state, in which the

The Fall Of The Berlin Wall
Introduction
In November 1989, the lives of almost half a billion people throughout Eastern and parts of Western Europe drastically and completely changed. This
month marked the beginning of the two–year demolition of the "Iron Curtain" that descended across the continent and the thawing of the Cold War
that waged between the world's two rival superpowers. The fall of the Berlin Wall not only marked the reunification of Germany after 28 years but,
also, the reunification of all of Europe after almost three entire, long decades. Out of the nine original countries that comprised the Eastern bloc and
were effectively separated from the Western world by the "Iron Curtain," all but one later sought membership in the European Union. Since... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, things have not always appeared as great for this nation–state. The 44 years the country suffered under the communist government's rule are
considered to be some of the most terrifying, poverty–stricken, and miserable in Poland's thousand year long history. The Polish people were repressed
by their own government in all areas of life, especially politically, economically, and socially. Human rights were practically non
–existent and violated
on an every day basis, while the communist government sowed fear throughout the country's entire population.
Due to the immense importance of the effect of communism on human rights, this essay attempts to answer the following question: how did citizens of
communist Poland conceive of political and economic human rights? The best and most widespread answer to this question is, simply, that they did
not think about human rights at all. The state of terror that existed throughout the nation and the threat of starvation, among many others, occupied the
forefront of importance in most Poles' lives. Additionally, as a nation of mainly uneducated farmers and workers at the time, many Polish citizens were
not altogether even aware of the existence of human rights that could improve their lives. If they were aware, the government's repression made most
educated individuals feel either too helpless or

Conflicting Opinions Over the Popular Front Government in...
After the ruling of the corrupt King Alfonso XIII and the horrible massacre the army faced when it was sent to Spanish Morocco, the progressive
Popular Front government was elected. In 1936, with the promise of land reform, the conservative forces gathered to plan for resistance. The Spanish
left wing, on the other hand, celebrated the elections so joyfully that made the conservative military officers, capitalists and churchman worried that a
much broader reform would begin. Rumors of plotting for a military coup led the Republicans to send high – ranking military officers to remote
postings in order to make communication and coordination between them more challenging. However, it was not enough, the planning for a military
uprising continued. When the military coup failed to gain control of the entire country, the civil war started between the Nationalists and the
Republicans. The Nationalists received aid from Italy ( at the time, fascist and under the control of *******) and from the Nazi Germany. The
Republicans, however, received aid from the Soviet Union and from the International Brigades (composed of volunteers from Europe and the United
States). The war was the result of the polarization of the Spanish life and politics that developed over the previous decades since it's monarchic
government. Roman Catholics, businessman and landowners were the most notable components of the Nationalist side. At the time, the Republic was
considered to be a danger to the

Country Study Project : Poland
Country Study Project – Poland
Background
Physicians Formula is privately held cosmetics company based in the USA. The company was established in 1937 by a physician who developed a
line of skin–care and make–up products for patients with skin conditions. The company manufactures and distributes its products through retailers such
as department, drug and other mass–market stores. In addition to the USA, the company sells its products in Canada, Latin America, Australia, South
Africa and France where it has partnered with a distribution company (1).
For the purpose of this report, it is assumed that Physicians Formula will continue its expansion in Europe by establishing a branch office in Poland. A
sales team will be used to identify new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The private sector gained tremendously from these reforms and as a result Poland is now the sixth–largest economy in the EU. In addition, the country
plans to adopt the Euro currency, which will help boost its economy further. (1) and (5). The chart below illustrates Poland's economic growth since
joining the EU.
People, Society and Education With a population of 38 million, Poland has the 35th largest population in the world. The official language Polish is
spoken by 96.2% of the population. Almost 70% of the population is urbanized with Warsaw and Krakow being the two largest cities in the country.
The people of Poland are highly educated with 99.7% of those aged 15 and over who can read and write, and it is ranked 4th in Europe for the
number of students attending University. In 2010, 5.2% of GDP was invested in Education.
Political and Legal
Officially, the country is known as the Republic of Poland with Warsaw as its capital city. Despite having frequent changes of government since its
independence from Russia, Poland continues to have a stable democracy from Russia (11). Its government is made up of three branches; executive,
judicial and legislative and the country adopted a civil law legal system.
Official Name: Republic of Poland
пЂType of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
п‚§President – BronisЕ‚aw Komorowski
п‚§Prime Minister – Ewa Kopacz
пЂCapital: Warsaw
пЂTime

History вЂ“ Source-Based Questions on Ussr Weakness After...
Grade 11
07/05/13
History – Source–based questions.
1)
a.According to Source A, the USSR is not a threat to Germany because it is not in their interest to overrun Germany. Also Source A pin points the
weaknesses of the Soviet Republic such as their need for economic aid for a ruined economic system and the fact that its soviet ideals have robbed
itself of a large part of its economic strength, hence emphasizing on the fact that the USSR is not a threat to Germany.
b.Source A's purpose if to inform the Reichstag of the USSR's weakness and needs in economic aid. Dr Walter Simon is paying respects to the Soviet
Republic, hence giving a positive view on the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
2) The treaty of Rapallo had enormous ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The purpose of this letter was clearly to let the French government know that the treaty of Rapallo had no secret intentions against the French. The
value of this source for historians would be its connectivity with the moment in history when it was recorded and the actual point of view of one of the
players of European history. The fact that it is such a major component of the time – Chicherin – that writes the letter gives this historic letter an even
greater deal of importance, for he had personal experience and direct views on what was happening at that time. However the limitation in this letter is
that it may as well be untrue facts he is stating but only his personal opinion and viewpoint. Considering the relationship between the reader and writer,
prejudices and cultural standpoints of the author are to be questioned.
The origin of source D is one of the proposals to partition Poland to the Reichswehr leaders after the Treaty of Rapallo by General Von Seeckt on
September 11th 1922. The purpose of this proposal is to express a negative viewpoint on the elevation of Poland as an independent country. The
speaker is clearly trying to convince his audience teaming up with Russia to eliminate Poland. The value of a document like this for historians is that it
provides and indication of the nature of some feelings against Poland from the Germans, as the facts that are stated

Cultural Interview : ' Texas A & M International University '
Cultural Interview Two
April Moreno
Texas A&M International University
April Moreno
Texas A&M International University
I contemplated several people for my second interview; nevertheless, the most logical person that I could interview was Dr. Cieslicka. I have always
been fascinated with her European culture, and it became the logical decision. The interview was conducted in her office, and I was embarrassed at
first, nonetheless, Dr. Cieslicka made me feel comfortable and at ease.
Dr. Cieslicka is from Poland, and both of her both parents are Polish. Her grandmother comes from Georgia, which is currently, the Russian Republic.
Dr. Cieslicka came to Laredo in 2009 to teach at TAMIU; furthermore, she teaches at TAMIU, she is an academician, a researcher, and the director of
the MS in Psychology program at TAMIU. Dr. Cieslicka's Polishfamily roles are very contemporary, and both partners work due to the difficult
financial situation in the country. Both salaries are needed to survive). Dr. Cieslicka's role is that she is her parent's daughter, and her parents are both
retired doctors. She supports them; therefore, Dr. Cieslicka only family in the United States is her cats. Dr. Cieslicka is the mother of several cats, and
they are all gorgeous and unique.
Dr. Cieslicka is Polish and she discusses her culture proudly and she wants to maintain her cultural ties, even if she ultimately

What Is The Federal Republic Of Germany
The Federal Republic of Germany is a country located in north–central Europe and the seventh largest country in Europe. The country lies at the center
of Europe and shares more borders with other countries than any other in Europe. The capital city is Berlin, which is over 775 years old and is the
most populated city in the country. Before the nation of Germany formed, it was the capital of Prussia, that later developed into the Federal Republic of
Germany. The country borders not only other countries, but also the Baltic Sea to the north–west and the North Sea to the northeast. The landscape is
diverse and ranges from flat plains utilized for farming to mountains enjoyed for skiing. The land of Germany has over 300 lakes and rivers that ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Along with the ancient sites are majestic castles such as the one made famous by Walt Disney, the Neuschwanstein Castle, located near the village
Hohenschwangau and built during the 19th century. The oldest inhabited is Meersburg Castle, located in Baden–WГјrttemberg and built 630. There
are World War II sites and museums such as Lichtenburg concentration camp near Wittenburg and follow in the footsteps of American and other Allied
soldiers on a cruise on the Rhine River.
The different peoples moving into and out brought their unique cultures and added to the mixture that became Germany. The first known people to
settle in Germany was the Celts, who lived there before the birth of Christ. Words from the Celtic language became part of what would later develop
into the German Language. The name of the Danube, Neckar, and Rhine Rivers, were names left over by the Celts. The Celts were great traders and
left behind trade routes that the Romans subsequently reused and improved. Julius Ceaser, Roman Emperor, gave the area east of the Rhine the name
of Germania and the Romans ruled Germany for two hundred years. Also, they brought with them the religion of Christianity and their laws which
influenced the structure of German law. The religion of Christianity continues to be the primary religion of the nation today. After the deterioration of
the Roman empire in Germany, the Franks took control and introduced the feudal system, a hereditary

Second World War: Relationship Between The USSR And The West
Using these four passages and your own knowledge, assess the view that during the Second World War the relationship between the ussr and the west
was characterised more by co–operation than by disagreement. The four interpretations are in agreement that during the second World War the
relationship between the USSR and the West was characterised more by cooperation than disagreement. There was major conflict over various issues
regarding Communisms security in Eastern Europe, specifically expansionism in Eastern Europe which caused the relations between allies to
deteriorate after the war, however the Allies maintained an alliance despite the pressure frequently placed upon it. Similarly Loth and Boyle argue that
the relationship was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This interpretation can be supported by several events throughout the period, firstly, lend lease was set up in 1941 to supply Soviets with the vital
resources and munitions they required to push back the Nazi forces, preventing them taking control of the USSR and their natural resources like oil,
which would allow them dominate Europe. Secondly in November 1942 it was agreed that a policy of unconditional surrender should be enacted,
crushing all chance of future rebellion in the countries, as depicted by the Atlantic Charter. Finally the Tehran conference further supports this
interpretation because the Allies agreed on a date for the Second Front which would bring a close to war in the West after many delays over fears it
would be insufficient, to ameliorate Stalin the US and Britain launched an offensive in North Africa and carried out bombings on German cities. The
second view expressed by Loth is that their mutual interest in aid by the US in order to minimise the cost of war for both allies, "render the effects of
the war– more tolerable for both sides". This view could be reliable because it supported by Peter Boyle's interpretation that US aid ameliorated
differences between the two sides allowing wartime cooperation to exist. The US gave the USSR $11 billion in materials: over 400,000

Guernica: Investigating the Impact Essay
In times of crisis and public upheaval, artistic representations emerge as both a way of remembering an event historically and as a means to interpret
and overcome the past. This response is universal, and in the case of Picasso's Guernica, the emotional, social, and political impact it had and
continues to have on people perpetuates its complex universality. Guernica became a symbol of pride to the Republican supporters and a force to be
reckoned with for General Franco and the Nationalists. The painting's overwhelming response from both sides aided in the call for European and
international awareness of the Spanish Civil Warand reflected a horrified outrage towards immoral bloodshed – an emotion so familiar throughout the
world that it ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In an effort to break the morale and cause panic among his opposition, Franco sanctioned the aerial bombardment of Guernica, a historically
significant Basque town, by his German and Italian allies. The date was April 26, 1937, and after the bombing finished Guernica was left in shambles
with many of its citizens killed and the rest fleeing out of fear. This strategy of attacking civilian centers was a preamble to what would be experienced
during WWII.
Pablo Picasso, an already famous Spanish painter and expatriate, was living in Paris at the time of the incident. The mixture of anger and grief he
felt translated into the artistic Republican protest we know as Guernica. Picasso unveiled his representation during the 1937 Paris International
Exhibition (or World's Fair) only weeks after the event occurred. The fair was meant to be a celebration of modern technology, but the work
exhibited in the Spanish Pavilion by Picasso and other Spanish artists was adverse to this intent. Although the Spanish Pavilion opened late in the
Fair (and therefore lost a lot of its potential publicity and initial effectiveness), the people who entered were disillusioned by what they saw.
Guernica, which many had preconceived notions of already, received mixed reviews: some were overly critical and equated Picasso's work to that of
a child's, others reacted in the same way they did to his other works – with confusion and a misunderstanding of the surrealist and cubist style.
Conversely, some

Bringing Papa John's to Poland
From 1997–2001, Poland's compensation per employee (CPE) was increasing at double digit growth rates, according to the OECD. Starting in 2002,
Poland's CPE growth rate was less than the EU average. In 2007, Poland's CPE growth rate exceeded the EU average again. CPE growth reached
3.08% in Poland in 2013 while CPE in the EU as a whole remained stagnant.
Labor productivity in Poland has consistently been above the EU average. From 1997 to 2013, Poland has seen a 3.78% growth rate while the EU
average has only experienced a 0.75% growth rate. Even in the 2008 recession, Poland had a positive growth rate while the Euro average declined.
Poland experienced double digit unemployment rates from 2000–2006. In 2008, the unemployment rate dropped to 7.1% which was the first time the
unemployment rate fell below the EU average. Unfortunately, since 2008, the unemployment rate has steadily increased to 10.5% in 2013. However,
Poland's unemployment rate remains below the EU average and forecasts for 2014 show the rate decreasing slightly.
Poland's GDP growth did not stop during the recession and has been above the EU average since 2002. In 2013, Poland's GDP growth rate was 1.45%
while the EU average was –.43%.
Current Affairs in Poland
According to the European Commission 2020, major challenges faces Poland's economy are concentrated into four areas: labor market, research and
development, infrastructure, and public finances. Considering the current labor market, Poland has

Which Structural Factors Facilitate Democratisation?
Which Structural Factors Facilitate Democratisation?Simon Angelini The question of what facilitates democratisation is one of great debate, with
numerous theoretical paradigms attempting to provide an answer. Structuralism is one such approach, generally placing emphasis on macrocosmic
forces and processes that are abstracted from individual situations, and thus apply universally. Structuralism has been dominated since the 1950s by
socio–economic theories, starting largely with Lipset . He asserted that various factors related to socio–economic development "increasingly load the
dice" in favour of democratisation, suggesting the existence of a linear and natural process of state development. Theories of this nature are often
referred... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whilst there are clear differences between these states, their similarities are key in explaining this theory. Poland presents us with a textbook
example of the modernisation story. Following the Second World War, Poland was rapidly reconstructed and hugely invested in by the USSR,
resulting in Poland's GDP per capita reaching over $2,000 USD by 1989 and the elimination of illiteracy by 1978 . Poland had by 1980 reached an
advanced standard of development demonstrated by its mid to higher level HDI (Human Development Index) of 0.687 . This aggregate of life
expectancy, education, and income indices provides us with a clear image of a Poland that was modernising and moving towards a more favourable
climate for democratisation. There were of course problems with the Polish economy. By the mid–1970s government policy had produced a depression
that saw food prices, particularly meat, rise by over 60%, whilst real wages remained stagnant, and the economy shrank for the first time since 1945.
Education also suffered, and as with many elements of policy in Eastern Bloc states, had by the late 1970s "lost its coherence" , with a clear lack of
direction in central planning. These issues catalysed the campaign for democratisation. Strong state ownership and the planned economy were no longer

Why Did Polish Manipulate The Soviet Union
The Soviet Union's methods and intentions differed from that of Germany's to the extent that they wanted to manipulate the Poles to go against one
another in order to unify Poland and the Soviet Union instead of eradicate the Polish population. When the Red Army invaded from the east, they:
"scattered leaflets designed to arouse class hatred towards the owners of the larger estates and factories, officers, judges, magistrates, priests, and
politicians" (Garlinski 34). The country still included multiple ethnic minorities which did not yet learn to live harmoniously with each other. The Red
Army used this lack of unity to their advantage and aimed disassembling the Polish underground movements. The Soviets subtly proclaimed misleading
slogans... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Garlinski states:
The academic curriculum was altered completely; the teaching of Polish language, history, geography, and of religious instruction was forbidden, and
all Polish textbooks were withdrawn...many lecturers were arrested and deported. (35)
The Soviet Union, unlike Germany, did not only want the territory of Poland, but they wanted the people as well. However, in order to prevent any
uprisings from occurring from Polish citizens, the Soviet Union deported any leading figures in the communities, such as officers, professors or
lecturers. A large dispute from this time period was the ethical dilemma of the KatyЕ„ massacre, where 4,410 Polish officers were murdered
(Richie162). The KatyЕ„ massacre strengthened General Rowecki's fears about the Soviets because: "Stalin broke off diplomatic relations with the
Polish government–in–exile" (Richie 162). Not only did the Soviet Union eradicate any sense of leadership, but they also deprived any sense of Polish
nationality. They took away the culture, religion, and language in order to promote Soviet

Should the State of East Prussia be Returned to Germany?
The region of East Prussia (Kalingrad Oblast) was taken by Russia from Germany, and was previously owned by Germany for over 700 years.
Considering the history of the area and homes of millions taken and robbed, the state of East Prussia should be returned to Germany. In addition, the
remnants of the local citizens and relatives of victims should be compensated for their hardships and gained the right to return home. Near the end of
World War II nearly 2 million civilians evacuated East Prussia, Because of the imminent Soviet invasion. Following the Second World War Germany
was undergoing judgment by the allies and the victors of Europe. At the Potsdam meeting, they unanimously agreed that the ultimate root of German
aggression and militarism was Prussia and following this meeting set out to abolish it. Millions of people were evacuated from the area and
thousands were killed and raped. Today 1 million descendants of people kick out from the area wait to return home. Many people feel cheated and the
Soviet Union expelled all non–Russians from the region and re–settled their own people in the territory. By the time the Soviet Union fell, very few of
the original ethnic Germans, Poles, and Lithuanians remained. Today East Prussia is known as Kaliningrad Oblast and is a federated state of the Russian
Federation, completely cut off from the rest of Russia. Today 86.4% of the population of Kaliningrad Oblast is Russian, 3.7% are Ukrainian, 3.6% are
Belarusian, 1.1% is

Analysis Of Pablo Picasso's Guernica
In June of 1937, Pablo Picasso completed what some consider to be one of the most influential pieces of artwork ever created, Guernica. The piece
was commissioned by the Spanish Republican government for an international exhibition in Paris. Originally Picasso had a completely different
subject in mind, but on April 26, the revered Spanish town of Guernica became the first occupied civilian center decimated by carpet bombs. The
complete and total destruction of the ancient and honored Spanish town ordered by fascist Francisco Franco and carried out by Nazi German allies
outraged Picasso and was the inspiration for this work. Picasso's Guernica is internationally known as a symbol for the destruction of war and it had
such immense significance during the Spanish Civil Waras it does now because of the form, composition, and content.
The canvas in which Guernica is painted on was a large undertaking for Picasso, in fact, it was so enormous that Picasso had to find a larger studio.
At 11.5 feet tall and 25.5 feet wide, he had to and use a ladder in order to paint parts of it. Using shades of grey, black, and white oil paint along with
textural elements, he created the masterpiece we know today. Aspects of the composition are influenced by Picasso's cubist style, this can be seen by
his use of multiple viewpoints and shifting perspective in the piece creating a unique visual experience for the viewer (Arnheim 51). Picasso also
doesn't adhere to traditional depictions of body

Molotov Ribbentrop Pact
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, colloquially named after the Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov and the German foreign minister Joachim von
Ribbentrop, was an agreement officially titled the Treaty of Non–Aggression between Germany and the Soviet Union[1] and signed in Moscow in the
late hours of 23 August 1939.[2] It was a non–aggression pact under which the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany each pledged to remain neutral in the
event that either nation were attacked by a third party. It remained in effect until 22 June 1941, when Germany invaded the Soviet Union.
In addition to stipulations of non–aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol dividing Northern and Eastern Europe into German and Soviet ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
countries occurred from late 1938 to March 1939.[29] The third Soviet Five Year Plan required massive new infusions of technology and industrial
equipment.[27][30]
On 31 March 1939, in response to Nazi Germany's defiance of the Munich Agreement and occupation of Czechoslovakia,[31] the United Kingdom
pledged the support of itself and France to guarantee the independence of Poland, Belgium, Romania, Greece, and Turkey.[32] On 6 April Poland and
the UK agreed to formalize the guarantee as a military alliance, pending negotiations.[33] On 28 April, Hitler denounced the 1934 German–Polish
Non–Aggression Pact and the 1935 Anglo–German Naval Agreement.[34]
Starting in mid–March 1939, the Soviet Union, Britain and France traded a flurry of suggestions and counterplans regarding a potential political and
military agreement.[35] Although informal consultations commenced in April, the main negotiations began only in May.[35] At the same time,
throughout the early 1939,Germany and the Soviet Union had discussed a possibility of an economic deal involving industrial equipment and
armament for the USSR in exchange for raw materials needed for German war production.[36] German war planners had estimated massive raw
materials shortfalls if Germany entered a war without Soviet supply.[37] For months, Germany had secretly hinted to Soviet diplomats that it could
offer better terms for a political agreement than Britain and France.[38][39][40]
The Soviet Union feared Western powers and

Why the ratification of the constitution was a good thing
Why the ratification of the constitution was a good thing
The Constitution of the United States is one of the first written constitutions and one of the 'oldest' to have been made on the national level and
applicable today. It was developed and adopted by the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in May and September, 1787. TheConstitution of 1787
followed the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.
The U.S. Declaration of Independence, as the precaution of the U.S. Constitution, is a historical document in which the British colonies in the North
America declared the independence from Great Britain, which was unanimously adopted by the Second Continental Congress on July ... Show more
All this together gives grounds to say that the adoption of the U.S. Constitution was a historic event and played a major role in the development of
democracy in the USA, as well as throughout the world. According to one of its founding fathers and the third U.S. President Thomas Jefferson, "The
Constitution of the United States is the result of adding the wisdom of our country".
The U.S. Constitution was the first constitution in the world, and for its time, it was an outstanding document. For this reason, the subsequent
constitutions could not ignore the experience of the drafters of the U.S. Constitution. The U.S. Constitution (including the Bill of Rights) had great
influence on modern policy documents: the Declaration of Human and Civil Rights of 1789 and the Polish Constitution of 1791.
Despite the fact that Polish Constitution (which was the second constitution in world history but lasted only a year) established a form of government
as a constitutional monarchy, the impact of the U.S. Constitution in this document was found. Constitutions of Latin American countries that gained
independence in the early XIX century borrowed from the U.S. Constitution not only general principles but also the state system (structure of executive
authorities, in some cases – the federal structure). Almost all countries in Latin America are presidential republics. In some cases, American lawyers
were directly involved in the creation of the constitutions

American Self Perception Vs. The Truth Essays
American Self Perception vs. The Truth
Lee Greenwood, a song writer, describes the emotion involved in
American self–perception in a song by saying, "I'm proud to be an American. For at least I know I'm free." Freedom is the founding pillar
of the American self– perception. Self–perception is the culmination of how one views oneself. Other aspects which make up American self–perception
are wealth, power, and the pursuance of happiness. Self–perceptions, whether confined to the individual or confined to an entire country, usually leave
out negative aspects such as hypocrisy. When dealing with the perception of a country, the true image of a society comes from self, or internal
perceptions, combined ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The base of Soviet fear was based and strengthened not on fact but a fear of the unknown. The American response to the Soviets was to contain U.S.S.R
through political and military interventions in countries where there was a possibility of the formation of a communist government. American
intervention dominated the western hemisphere as a bipolar world system arose with the United States in the west and the Soviet Union in the east. By
using extensive intervention, the
United States turned incredibly hypocritical as they were pushing their form of government upon smaller, weaker countries which were dependent on
American aid.
This is no different than what the "evil" Soviet Union was doing in the eastern hemisphere. Also by forcing American government style
upon other nations, the
United States was restricting the choice and freedom of independent states. This threatening of choice contradicts the American belief that every
country should be democratic. Again another form of hypocrisy has occurred in American self– perceptions and beliefs.
Other nations view America slightly differently than what the American self–perception details. Let's take the Polish perception of Americans. Ever
since the Polish Solidarnosc movement of the late 1980s, America has been there to lend a helping democratic hand. Help from the United States come
in the forms of economic aid and increased

Pan 's Labyrinth : Fascism Faced With Fantasy
Pan 's Labyrinth: Fascism Faced with Fantasy Pan 's Labyrinth is a film based in 1944 fascist Spain during the reign of Francisco Franco,
following the Spanish civil war. His regime stressed rules and order as well as the repression of the individual. The very basis of fascism revolves
around the idea that a country should be ruled by a single power and all others should follow this power regardless of their own individual opinions. It
is this notion that brought the strict regulations and violent actions that became common during this time; however, such a notion also gave birth to the
anarchist rebellion that opposed simply blindly following the rules of a single man. Pan 's Labyrinth uses this idea of rebellion versus military to
create an image of the 1944 fascist Spain environment and explore this complex atmosphere through aspects of fantasy. Pan 's Labyrinth depicts the
world of a young girl, Ofelia, as it is "deeply torn by factions" in the aftermath of the civil war. The story revolves around three orders of influence
on Ofelia 's world: the forest (the forces of the revolution), the estate (Vidal and the fascist regime), and the world of fantasy. Each force provides
Ofelia with insight in regards to how the world functions. These forces also play a key role in her journey to discover herself and the true nature of
the world around her. Captain Vidal, the stepfather of Ofelia, is a military officer that rules over the estate in which they inhabit. His character

Poland Research Paper
Poland is located in Central/Eastern Europe. It's locational and geographical properties have been in a constant changing state. It covers 120,700
square miles. On the north Poland is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Russia, and Lithuania; on the east by Belarus and Ukraine; on the south by Slovakia
and the Czech Republic; and on the west by Germany. Originally, the capital was Cracow, but in 1611 it was moved to Warsaw, the current seat of
government.
Seventy–five percent of the land lies below 650 feet. The Baltic Sea forms a natural northern border, and the Sudetes and Carpathians form the southern
border. Poland does not have any natural borders on the east or west. Polish wars and large scale changes in the borders, both ethnically and ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The "socialist" city was constructed after World War II to accommodate the rapid increase of people caused by industrialization. The general
appearance of this type of city was heavily influenced by what was in practice in the Soviet Union. The city has vast streets and large public areas.
Housing consists of four tofive story apartment buildings. Normally, construction was sub–par. Apartments commonly consist of two or three rooms
plus a kitchen and a bathroom. All apartments have access to gas, electricity, and municipal water and most have central heating. There is minimal
space for parking and children's play. The center of the city is devoted to government buildings, not to commercial outlets and the service sector. Places
of employment, especially industry, are located some distance from

Cultural Differences Between Poland And Religion
There are a lot of difference religions (about 46 religious denominations) in Poland. The largest and most important is Catholicism. According to
official data, more than 35 million people, or about 95% of population are Roman Catholic. The second largest church in Poland, in size and importance
is the Polish Orthodox Church. It counts more than 500,000 followers, mainly in the eastern regions of Poland. Protestant Churches are also numerous
in Poland. Muslim and Krishna confessors number about 5,000 members each. And there are only a few practicing Jews left in Poland. Today,
Poland Constitution guarantees freedom of religion and provide right to religious minorities to practice. Poland is located in the central Europe, and
the country is one of the biggest in central Europe and the 9th largest in the whole Europe with an area of 312,679 SQ km (120726 SQ mi). The
border had changed many times over the centuries. The current border were set only after World War II, and the neighboring countries areGermany to
the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east and Lithuania and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad to the
northeast. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the weather report, Poland has six seasons in a year. Spring begin in the month of March and usually end on the late of May. The summer
is between June through the end of August. Autumn (fall) is generally begin in the month of September and end on November. Winter last from
December through late February or early March. July is the hottest month and January is the coldest month of Poland. The temperature could be the
hottest time at 80'F through the coldest 30'F. According to the weather record Poland seems like the best time to visit is in about June and

Allegory Of The Cave Summary
The Allegory of the Cave
The Allegory of the Cave is actually a part of the Plato's writings who is a Greek philosopher in his series of writings titled as "The Republic"
(Plato, 514). The Republic was written in different parts and took different years to compile the writings together from years 514a to 520a. These
series of books were written to highlight the psychology of the people individuals and how they act in different situations and era of life. It is written
in the form of dialogue between Socrates and especially this writing "The Allegory of the Cave" is written in the dialogue form between Socrates and
the brother of Plato named as Glaucon by Plato. Those series of Plato actually describes how the education in the lives of the people brings change.
He explains it to the readers by defining two sides of the people one inside the cave where they are bound and the other is the life outside the cave
where they are free to make their own decisions. Socrates is actually the mentor of Glaucon who is answering him several questions of the life and the
reality of the life that people faces during their lifetime era. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He has described that the people are tied up in the cave from their childhood and are not allowed to move as their hands are tied and they cannot
take their independent decisions. They are kept insides as prisoners, "here they have been from their childhood and have their legs and necks
chained so that they cannot move," He also explains that how the people live in the caves are only used to the shadows they see inside the cave as
they are unable to see the basic reality if the life. "....and they see only their own shadows, or the shadows of one another, which the fire throws on the
opposite wall of the

Poland : History, Politics, United States Partner
BACKGROUND PAPER
ON
POLAND: HISTORY, POLITICS, UNITED STATES PARTNER
1. Poland's past and present is both complex and lively. Located in the "heart of Europe," Poland has been conditioned by a history of foreign
aggression, stampeding empires and communism. Stemming from today's political scene, Poland has many attributes which make it an appealing
international partner. This paper addresses how Poland's history has shaped its current political domain and, in turn, how this domain contributes to the
interests of the United States (US).
2. The founding of Poland can be traced back to the myth of Lech, Czech and Rus, three brothers who went out hunting and ran into a white eagle
protecting its nest, positioned against the red rays of the sun. Lech took this as a positive sign and decided to settle there, naming the site Gniezno (in
polish: 'nest'). This settlement became Poland's first capital. Czech continued to travel west and Rus headed east, founding the Czech Republic and
Ukraine, respectively. Poland's roots date as far back as 966AD, when it became Christianized. Poland's modern history begins with the signing of the
Constitution on May 3, 1791, the world's second oldest constitution. Shortly after, Poland was partitioned amongst Austria, Prussia and Russia. In 1918,
Poland regained independence after 123 years of being non–existent on territorial maps. However, soon Poland was overtaken by the Germans and
Soviets during World War II and remained under Communist

Gorbachev And The Soviet Union
This is a photo of Gorbachev giving a speech. Mikhail Gorbachev became Secretary General of the Soviet Union in 1985, until he resigned in 1991.
Gorbachev was much younger than the previous leaders of the Soviet Union and had many ideas for reforms. After entering office, Gorbachev began
to implement a wide range of reforms. He sought to correct many problems in the Soviet Union, including economic problems, the issues and history of
harsh punishments against dissidents, and unrest among the different groups that made up the Soviet Union. Gorbachev began to encourage a culture
of openness and honesty between the government and the Soviet people. This policy was known as "glasnost". Gorbachev also instituted a reform of
restructuring the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the United States and the Soviet Union began to normalise their relationship, many people in the Soviet republics began to feel that they no
longer needed to be part of the Soviet Union for protection against a military threat. President Richard Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev
began this process of dГ©tente in an attempt to pull back from the threat of nuclear war and to begin increased trade between the United States and
the Soviet Union. DГ©tente made people feel safer as it decreased the threat of nuclear war and included formal agreements on arms control and the
security of Europe. However, dГ©tente contributed to the fall of the Soviet Union as some of the Soviet republics decided that they no longer needed
to be part of the Soviet Union for protection against a military threat. Therefore, they gradually realised that if they did not need that protection, then
they did not need the Soviet Union at all. Consequently, dГ©tente planted the seeds for some of the Soviet republics to dream of independence.
This photograph is the mark of the Polish Trade Union, Solidarity. The symbol of the Solidarity movement became renown throughout the world. In
1980, the Solidarity movement began in Poland and set the stage for a weakening of Soviet Communist power. Solidarity was a trade union started in
the shipyards of

Public Diplomacy And The Foreign Affairs Of The Republic...
Working for government we can't distinguish specific industry that it function in. Governments take care of varieties issues that are important for
country and its society. As an industry in this specific environment I would call it public diplomacy industry. Public diplomacy pursued by the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs consists of a set of strategic, conceptual, analytical, coordinating and executive actions seeking to impact social attitudes and public
opinion abroad and thereby to secure the principal interests of the Republic of Poland across the globe. This is done by using tools and methods from
outside the realm of traditional diplomacy, essentially confined to intergovernmental relations. The primary aim of public diplomacy is to... Show more
History In 1822, when Brazil won its independence, Poland did not exist on maps of the political world. In the years 1795–1918 the Polish lands were
occupied countries by neighboring countries – Russia, Austria and Prussia. The struggle for independence, taken by another generation of Poles,
reflexes elicited sympathy of many societies, including Brazilian. Emperor of Brazil, Peter I, during a performance in Paris, issued in favor of
participants of the November Uprising (1831), he exclaimed: Vive la Pologne! It ts successor in turn, Peter II, agreed to accept the membership of
Polish Г©migrГ© patriotic associations based in Rapperswil, Switzerland, which certifies todays diploma awarded by the SociГ©tГ© Nationale des
Amis et Polonaise de la Pologne. In the year1907 at the Second International Peace Conference in The Hague, the representative of Brazil – Ruy
Barbosa, a prominent lawyer and politician, in his fiery speeches repeatedly advocated the restoration of Poland 's independence. Not surprisingly, that
Brazil was the first country in Latin America, which announced that it "recognizes the emergence of a united and independent Polish". The position of
these was presented August 17, 1918 year note Minister of Foreign Affairs of Brazil, Nilo PeГ§anhi the French envoy in Rio de Janeiro, Paul Claudel.
In the interwar period (1918–1939) the message of the Republic of Poland in Rio de Janeiro subject Consulate General in

Poland Research Paper
Jacob Ketcham
12/17/2015
World Cultures
Project 2: Poland
Of the countries of Europe, Poland is especially unique due to it's location and conflicts of recent history. The countries exact location lies at 52
degrees N, and 19 degrees E. Poland lies next to the Baltic Sea which borders it's coastline to the north. In addition to the Baltic Sea, Lithuania and the
Kaliningrad Oblast are to the country's northeast. West of it isGermany, while the Ukraine and Belarus are to Poland's east. Lastly, Slovakia and the
Czech Republic are to the south.
The topography of Poland has some minor distinctions with the southern Slovakia border having a much higher altitude than it's low lying counterparts
to the north. In fact the highest point of Poland ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A chance to visit this country should not be turned down lightly, as it has something for any person to enjoy. Poland is a gem among the countries of
Europe and I myself hope to visit it some

Francisco Franco, the Ultimate Fascist Dictator?
Introduction
Fascism can be defined as a political system with centralization of power under a single–party dictatorship. Fascist dictators maintain authority through
strict socioeconomic controls, suppression of the masses through censorship and terrorism, and policies of aggressive nationalism and racism ("Fascism
"). Francisco Franco first implemented this government policy in Spain after witnessing its achievements in Germany and Italy. Franco's strong
nationalistic and military upbringing was the basis for his fascist dictatorship. What made Franco the "ultimate fascist dictator" was the fact that he was
more palatable to the western countries. His focus was not on world domination, but rather on the consolidation of his own ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Franco believed that by consolidating the working class and the trade unions under one organization, he would create a better relationship between
worker and employee under his rule.
Typical to fascist rule, Franco limited the freedoms of his people. Spanish citizens were stripped of their basic rights and freedoms including freedom
of speech and freedom of association. Franco considered criticism a crime, therefore opposing political parties were outlawed and universal suffrage
was eliminated ("Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly"). Franco's intention was to preserve his regime's principles and isolate Spanish culture
from foreign influences. In order to achieve that goal, censorship was enforced by the Book Censorship section, the Cinema and Theater Department
and the Information and Censorship section (English–Spanish). The influence of the Franco regime on school curricular and school textbook contents
was used as part of a rigorous brain washing exercise ("Council of Europe Parliamentary Assembly").
As an attempt to impress the world's democratic powers, Franco issued a fundamental law that granted a bill of rights, the Charter of Rights ("Spain –
THE FRANCO YEARS"). The rights were more for show than anything else. The charter placed a strong emphasis on the Spanish duty to serve their
country and to obey the laws. They did not give the Spaniards any additional rights, for guaranteeing freedom of expression still

Ukraine Research Paper

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Sandra Campbell

More from Sandra Campbell (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Ukraine Research Paper