Challenges in education FGEI federal govt educational institutions

1. Back to
school

2. Challenges in Education
and need of FGEI’s to keep
abreast of them
Samreen Shabbir
TGT
FG PS NO.1 (G) BWP.

3. INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this
discussion is to investigate
the key issues, problems
and the new challenges of
education in Pakistan

4. “Education in its general sense is,
increase in stock of skills, knowledge
& understanding possessed by
individual or society . Back to
school
Introduction to Education

5. 5
The proper definition of education is the
“process of becoming an educated person”.
Being an educated person means you have
access to optimal states of mind regardless
of the situation you are in.

6. PRIMARY (grade 1 through 5 )
MIDDLE ( grades 6 through 8 )
SECONDARY ( grades 9 & 10 )
HIGHER SECONDARY
(grades 11 & 12 )
UNIVERSITY
PROGRAMS
Levels Of Education

7. Education In Pakistan
• Education in Pakistan is overseen by
Ministry of Education, government of
Pakistan.
• The academic institution are the
responsibility of provisional
government.
• Federal government is responsible for
curriculum development, recognition
& some finance research.

8.  Federal Government Educational Institutions
(Cantt/Garrison) are our valuable national assets,
which are imparting quality education to hundreds
of thousands wards of Armed Forces personnel as
well as civilian residents of cantonments. The
achievements and contribution of these institutions
towards the promotion of quality education in the
country can easily be compared with the attainments
of the most reputed educational institutions, being
run by public as well as private organizations.

9.  FGEIs (C/G) Directorate manages 311 schools
and 44 colleges spread all over the country. The
Directorate has a dual role both as a Directorate
of Inspector General of Training and
Evaluation (IGT&E) Branch, GHQ, and as an
attached civil department of the Ministry of
Defence. It has more than 10,000 employees,
paid out of civil estimates, and
the strength of students in FGEIs is approxi
mately 2, 00,000.

10.  Before 1975, these institutions were under the
control of respective Cantonment Boards (CB),
and were commonly known as CB schools/
colleges. In 1975, these institutions were
nationalized, and placed under the control of
Federal Ministry of Education. In 1977, their
administration and management was
transferred to the GHQ, (Army Education)
Directorate. In 1981, a separate
Directorate was established to exclusively
manage FGEIs (C/G).

11. Serial Status Closed Cantts Open Cantts
(1) Serving Armed Forces
Personnel/ FGEI Employees/
MES
65% 35%
(2) Retired Armed Forces
Personnel
10% 10%
(3) Civilians Paid Out of
Defence Estimates
10% 10%
(4) Open Merit 15% 45%
Quota for admissions for schools is as follows

12. Serial Status Quota
(1) Students of same college Priority
(2) Serving Armed Forces
Personnel/FGEI Employees
35%
(3) Retired Armed Forces Personnel 10%
(4) Civilians Paid Out of Defence
Estimates
10%
(5) Open Merit 45%
Quota for admissions for colleges is as follows

13. S.No
Regional
Offices
Name of Institutions
Colleges Schools Total
1. Peshawar 10 41 51
2. Wah Cantt 04 42 46
3. Rwp 12 95 107
4. Kharian 05 11 16
5. Lahore 01 24 25
6. Gujranwala 03 24 27
7. Bahawalpur 01 07 08
8. Multan 03 18 21
9. Quetta 02 14 16
10. Karachi 03 22 25
11. Fazaia 00 13 13
Total 44 311 355

14. High School 183
Middle Schools 31
Primary Schools 97
Colleges 44
Total 355

15.  To ensure the implementation of the National
Policies on education in all schools and colleges.
 To suggest appropriate measures to improve the
quality of life and education in these institutions.
 To approve and check all development schemes,
 To render all help in maintaining high academic
standards in these institutions.
 To accept grants-in-aid and donations from
Government and other agencies and arrange the
utilization of such funds for the betterment of
students/institutions.
 To help solve problems faced by Regional/Sub
Regional Boards and the Directorate.

16.  “Education is the third eye of a man”
 Key for the development of country
 A very good environment is produced for better
accomplishment of the policies with good
contribution and collaboration of the people.
 Education brings economic growth because it
enhances the productivity and efficiency of the
people, and provides them essential skills which
enable the people to play their role in supporting the
sustainable economic growth of the country.

17. 17
Literacy Definition
(As in 1998 Census)
“The ability of a person who
can read a newspaper and
write a simple letter in any
language”

18. 18
Country Ranking (out of 177 countries)
2005 2006 2007
Iran 99 96 94
Sri Lanka 93 93 99
Maldives 96 98 100
India 127 126 128
Bhutan 134 135 133
Pakistan 135 134 136
Bangladesh 139 137 140
Nepal 136 138 142

19. 19
• PAKISTAN = 55 % (Male = 67 %,Female = 42%)
Province Literacy Rate
• Punjab= 60.2%
• Sindh = 57.7%
• NWFP = 49.9%
• Balochistan = 48.8%

20.  In Pakistan peoples of different age having
the literacy rate as follows ,….
AGE LITERACY RATE
%
Age b/w 55-64 30 %
Age b/w 45-54 40 %
Age b/w 25-34 50 %
Age b/w 15 -24 60 %
It indicate that
with every
passing
generation
Literacy rate is
increased
By 10 %

21. Back to
school
NEW CHALLENGES IN EDUCATION
1. Lack of Financial Resources
2. Lack of Learning Resources
3. Lack of Professional Development
4. Relevance of Education
5. Inadequate Research Activities
6. Outdated Examination System
7. Ineffective Communication/Lack of
Coordination
8. Curriculam issues
9. Lack of positive Supervision

22. 1. LACK OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES
1.Finance is the life blood of any system. Lack of
money.affects the growth and development of a
system. The budgetary allocation for education in
Pakistan is lesser than other countries in the region.
The current education budget allocation is less than
2% of the Gross Domestic product (GDP).
Furthermore, the system is infested with financial
corruption which increased the problems of the
system. Resultantly, the quality of teaching and
learning, administration and planning,
implementation of policies got affected.

23. 2. LACK OF LEARNING RESOURCES
Due to lack teaching and learning aids in schools
teacher face many difficulties during teaching
process. There are not enough playground
facilities in schools which affects the physical
development of students.This situation has
created more problems for teachers as they
cannot provide the students wider
opportunities for learning and development.

24. 3 LACK OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPEMENT
Teaching is a professional activity. There are new changes that
occur on continuous basis in the society and around the
world. Teachers need to be continuously abreast with latest
theories, research and new knowledge. Teachers who are
not professionally sound cannot solve their professional
issues. Teachers who acquire latest knowledge and develop
their skills teach effectively.There are less training
facilitates available to teachers at primary level in Pakistan.
Due to lack of latest knowledge and skills the teachers are
found weak in solving the problems of students in the
process of schooling. Untrained teachers cannot manage the
behaviors of maladjusted students and use corporal
punishment as tool. This attitude of teachers discourages
students.

25. It is the need of the time to make the the content
of education more meaningful and the
methods of delivery more effective. The
attention should be given on the role of
education in preparing children to participate
actively and productively in national building.
Curriculam should be more closely related to
the daily lives of students and providing
practical skills for students.
4. RELEVANCE OF EDUCATION

26. 5.INADEQUATE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Research gives rise to curiosity and a desire to
look for, and find, better solutions to our everyday
problems or better explanations for whatever
happens. Research in the field of education is the
need of the time. It is nessory to inqure about
different issues of education and find methods to
abreast with them. Research in the field of
education is the most important step towards the
betterment of our education system and obviously
it is the need of the hour.

27. 6.OUTDATED EXAMINATION SYSTEM
The standards of examination in the education in
Pakistan are the lowest in the world. The system of
examination is outdated. It does not meet the needs of
the national and international standards. The practices
of assessment and evaluations at school levels are
traditional. Assessment and evaluations are conducted
to check only the memory of students rather than quality
of performance. Examinations are influenced by
institutional politics. The system of supervision in
examination is very poor which creates room for
malpractices such as copying and other exam related
crimes in schools. The quality of paper setting and
checking is poor which affects the overall performance
of the student.

28. 7. INEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Communication is the backbone of any system or
organization. It connects the various parts of a system
and develops sound coordination. It has been observed
that teachers in the primary schools often remain
indifferent(separate) to the developments in the overall
system of education due to poor system of
communication. Most of the time teachers remain
uninformed about the policies and plans framed at the
governmental level due to poor communication. All this
affects the quality of teaching and learning in primary
school.

29. 8. CURRICULUM ISSUES
The curriculum in Pakistan is outdated. It does not cater to the
needs of the nation in the present age. Students are required to
memorize the content and reproduce it inthe examination. Thus
schools in Pakistan are producing the best types of parrots in the
world. The current curriculum does not improve the thinking
abilities of students. It is useless and impractical. Teachers are
asked to cover the given syllabus and prepare the students only
for examination. This practice has left the teachers ignorant of
many aspects of the curriculum which ultimately affects not only
their own performance but also the process of teaching and
learning in schools. In many cases teachers are not aware of the
aims and goals of curriculum. This creates gaps between
understating of the curriculum and its effective implementation. In
developed countries of the world teachers are invited to
participate in the process of curriculum design and development.
Their inputs are considered vital for the right direction of the

30. 9. Lack of positive Supervision
process of supervision in the education system is
more beautifully mentioned in the policies but badly
practiced in the fields. The supervisors are
professionally untrained. They behave with teachers
in an arrogant manner. This trend has diminished the
purpose of professional supervision in schools due
to which teachers get discouraged and feel inferior.
This trend has created mistrust and discouragement
among the teachers. The supervisors instead of
giving effective feedback for improvements, harass
the teachers and no improvement takes place.

31. 1. Education system needs financial support. For this
purpose government may increase its budgetary
allocations.
2. The number of teachers per schools needs to be
increased.
3. In order to reform the system of education in
Pakistan teachers need to be trained effectively on
continuous basis.
4. Examination system needs to be modified and made
effective in the light of new changes and needs of the
day.
5. Curriculum needs to be revised, evaluated and
revised keeping in view the needs of the child and the
demands of the current age.
SUGGESTIONS TO IMPROVE THE SYSTEM

32. 6. Medium of instruction in the schools is
needed to be improved. Teachers could be
trained in the languages especially in
English.
7. Teachers are needed to be motivated
through financial and other social benefits.
The financial support to hounrary teachers
needs to be increased.
8. Resources of teaching and learning
need to be increased at the school level.
9. Instructional methods should be
improved.
10. Improvement in learning environment
is needed.

33. Country World
Ranking
Educational
Budget
Cuba #1 18.7%
Malaysia #10 8.1%
Iran #58 4.9%
India #81 4.1%
Bangladesh #119 2.4%
Pakistan #126 1.8%
Indonesia #130 1.2%

34. Back to
school

35. LITERACY
RATE
IS IT POSSIBLE ??????
57 %
50%
80%
2009
Ultimate Objectives Of Pakistan
2015