This is a simple presentation prepared so students can understand the working and about types of different earth moving equipments.

2.  Earthmoving equipments are the equipments
used for the purpose of moving earth for long
distances, compacting, placement, dozing,
grading, and hauling etc.,

3.  Earthmoving equipments include the following
types of equipments:-
1. Tractors
2. Bull dozers
3. Scrapers
4. Graders
5. Rippers

4.  Tractors are the equipments mainly used for
pulling of the other equipments. From the point
of view of earthmoving equipments they are used
for pulling of earth filled trailers.
 They are of two types as following:-
1. Crawler mounted tractors
2. Wheel mounted tractors

5. Wheel mounted Crawler mounted
tractor tractor

6. Crawler mounted tractor Wheel mounted tractor
Slow speed Greater speed
Costly Comparatively cheaper
Higher cost of operation and maintenance Lower cost of operation and maintenance
Used for rough road Can be used rough as well as smooth
roads
Compacted, powerful, and can handle
heavy jobs
Can handle light jobs only
Stick control for steering Wheel steering control
Used for short distances Used for longer distances
Requires skill full operation, maintenance,
and repairs
Requires lesser skill full operation,
maintenance, and repairs

8.  Bull dozers are the versatile equipments which have
angular blade mounted in front of a tractor
 Classification of bull dozer is as follows:-
 Based on blades -Perpendicular blades
- Blades at an angle
 Based on mounting -Wheel mounted
-Crawler mounted
 Based on control -Cable control
-Hydraulic control

9.  Construction of bull dozer :-
1. Consists of heavy blades with concave profile
2. Blade is attached to the body with two arms, a
supporting frame and held by two pushing arms
 Application of bull dozer :-
1. Spreading earth fill
2. Clearing , opening of pilot roads
3. Back filling trenches
4. Clearing of construction sites

12.  Scrappers are the equipments which is capable
digging, hauling, and placing the earth in layers.
It is unique equipment for long distance hauling
 Types of scrappers are as follows:-
1. Crawler tractor pulled
2. wheeled tractor pulled
 Basic parts of scrappers include bowl, apron,
ejector (tail gate).

13.  Operation of scrappers is as :-
While digging cutting edge enters the ground
by lowering the bowl, the front apron is raised.
Edge is raised, while apron is lowered while
hauling.
While dumping ejector is used.

16.  Grader is an earthmoving equipment which is
used for grading of earth surface during grading
process it is also known as road grader or motor
grader
 Speed of grader is as follows:-
1. Heavy duty - 2-3 km/hr
2. Normal duty - 4-6 km/hr
3. Light duty - 6-10 km/hr

17.  Construction of grader is as follows:-
 Front of the grader frame is supported on the
front wheels, and the rear frame is supported
on tandem wheels.
 Curved blade is supported on the circle be
turned through 360 degrees
 Blade has replaceable edges
 Cutting depth - 2-4 cms

18.  Uses of graders are as follows :-
Gravel road repairing
Bank cutting
Base course spreading
Snow, land clearance
Road shoulder reshaping
Ditch filling
Material mixing
Frozen top soil, asphalt breaking

21.  Ripper is an earthmoving equipment in which a
ripper attachment is attached to a bull dozer.
Rippers can come as a single shank ,or multi
shank. Usually a single shank ripper is preferred
for heavy ripping ,the ripper shank is fitted with a
replaceable sharp tungsten steel alloy known as
boot.

24.  https://www.slideshare.net/ShankarRamasamy3/ctep-unitv-
construction-equipments-pdf
 https://www.umequip.com/wheels/replacement/classic-
tractor-rims/
 http://www.agindustrial.com/store/product.aspx/productId/5/T
K4000-Crawler/
 http://www.visualdictionaryonline.com/transport-
machinery/heavy-machinery/bulldozer.php
 http://www.visualdictionaryonline.com/transport-
machinery/heavy-machinery/scraper.php
 www.youtube.co.in

25.  http://www.earthmoversmagazine.co.uk/european-success-
for-case-grader-range/