The document discusses the philosophy of pragmatism as put forth by its main proponents Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. It outlines that pragmatism believes reality is always changing and focuses on finding practical solutions to problems through experience and experimentation. The philosophy views knowledge as arising from experience and emphasizes applying the scientific method. When applied to education, pragmatism stresses using experience and problem-solving to develop skills applicable to life, with the teacher acting as a facilitator and students as active learners.

1. PRAGMATISM
Dewey, James & Peirce

2. Proponents
• Charles Sanders
Peirce
– Coined the word
“pragmatism” =
Gk. “pragmatikos”
or “praktikos”
means practical

3. Proponents
• William James
– “Idea must have
practical and
satisfactory results”
– “Pragmatism is a
method of solving or
evaluating intellectual
problems and a
theory about the
kinds of knowledge
we are capable of
acquiring.”

4. Proponents
• John Dewey
–Concept of
experience and
thinking
–“Experience is
not an object
known but an
ACTION
PERFORMED.

5. Proponents
• John Dewey
– Thinking arises as a means of dealing
with these disturbing situations by
working out hypotheses, or guides to
future instructions.
– Believes that if the student learned how
to solve, presumably, he would be better
fit for living in our ever-changing world
with its manifold perplexities.

6. Pragmatism
Generic Notions
• Pragmatism is the philosophy that
encourages people to find processes that
work in order to achieve their desired ends.
• Reality is that everything changes. (Theme:
the world is constantly changing and we have
to adapt)

7. Pragmatism
• They study the past but they are generally
more interested in contemporary issues and
in discovering solutions to problems in
present-day terms.
• They are action-oriented, experientially
grounded, and will generally pose questions
such as:

8. Pragmatism
• “ What will work to achieve my desired ends?”
problem speculative thought action
results
 then Question: “Do the results achieved
solve the problem?”  Then solution is valid.

9. Field of Philosophy
Philosophy of Education
• Metaphysics
• Epistemology
• Axiology
• Educational Implications

10. Metaphysics
• Studies the nature of reality and
being.
• What is real?

11. Metaphysics
• Reality is the interaction of an
individual with environment or
experience.
• It is ALWAYS changing.

12. Epistemology
• Inquires about the nature,
presuppositions, scope of knowledge.
• What is true?

13. Epistemology
• Knowing results from experiencing
• Use of scientific method

14. Axiology
• Studies the nature, status, and types of
values.
• What is right?

15. Axiology
• Values are situational or relative.

16. Educational Implications
• Organized instruction around problem-
solving according to the scientific
method.

17. Pragmatism
as Applied in
Education

18. Goal of Education
• Develop and apply practical knowledge
and skills for life in a progressive
democratic society.
• Individual growth through processes,
experience and problem solving.

19. Nature of Curriculum
• Child & process - centered

20. Role of Learners
• Active learning and participation
• Problem-solvers
• Observe the scientific method
• Curious
• Critical result & process oriented

21. Role of Teacher
• Teach inductive and deductive
reasoning, the scientific method, and
the powers of observation and practice.
• Facilitator/dynamic
• Good classroom manager
• Result and process-oriented

22. Method of Teaching
• Hands-on curricula
• Group work
• Scientific method
• Experimental

23. Subjects Studied
• Emphasis on citizenship, knowledge
and skills applicable to daily life and
career or job preparation.

24. Nature of Classroom
• Flexible
• Rich in opportunities for students to
experience what they are learning

25. Source of Knowing
• Challenging EXPERIENCE

26. Influences on the Present
Educational System
• Learning by EXPERIENCE

28. Thank you & God bless!