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Climate change presentation+ REDD AND REDD+
- 1. TOPIC: REDD/REDD+ PRESENTED BY: SABIH UD DIN HAKAL ABDUL AZIZ DASHTI ZUBAIR MUBARAK URKO
- 2. BACKGROUND • UNFCCC IS AN INTERNATIONAL COVENTION COMES AFTER A RIO 1992 • KYOTO PROTOCOL WAS NEGOTIATED,RATIFIED IN 1998 BUT THE RULES ON HOW TO ACCOUNT AND REPORT THE EMMISIONS WERE NOT AGREED TILL 2002. • ONE OF KYOTO PROTOCOL MECHANISM IS CDM “CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM”-WHICH ALLOWS FOR GENERATION OF CARBON CREDITS FROM AFFORESTATION AND REFORESTATION, WHICH IS VERY COMPLICATED.
- 3. CONTINUED… • COP 11, MONTREAL 2005 THE COALITION OF RAINFOREST NATIONS AGREED ON PAYING FOR THE ACTIONS WHICH LEAD TO REDUCED RATE OF DEFORESTATION “AVOIDED DEFORESTATION” • SOON IT TURNS TO “RED” REDUCED EMISSION FROM DEFORESTATION • THEN REDD • COP 15,COPENHAGEN,THEY INCLUDE CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, LATER RATIFIED IN COP16 IN CACUN(2010),THEN “REDD+”
- 4. PARTERNERS • FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION (FAO) • UNITED NATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (UNDP) • UNITED NATION ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAME (UNEP) • UN-REDD PROGRAMME • FOREST CARBON PARTNERSHIP FACILITY (FCPF) WORLD BANK • MAIN INITIATIVE TO PROVIDE A SUPPORT TO COUNTRIES RELATED TO REDD+ • FINANCED BY MULTI-DONOR TRUST FUND, WHERE NORWAY IS MAIN DONOR • 46 PARTNER COUNTRIES,IMPLEMENTED IN 16 COUNTRIES
- 5. WHAT IS REDD+ • IS A MECHANISM THAT WILL GIVE ECONOMIC COMPENSATION TO COUNTRIES THAT REDUCE THEIR EMMISION OF GHGs FROM DEFORESTION ,FOREST DEGRADATION AND RELATED ACTIVITIES. • REDUCING DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION CONSIDERD AS CHEPEAST AND EASIEST WAYS TO REDUCE THE GHGs EMMISIONS. ?
- 6. WHY THEY ARE IMPORTANT? • CARBON SEQUESTRATION • HEALTH (DISEASE REGULATION) • LIVELIHOODS(PROVIDING JOBS AND LOCAL EMPLOYMENT) • WATER( WATER FLOW REGULATION, RAINFALL GENERATION) BESIDES THESE FUCTIONS: • COVERS 4 BILLION HECTARES WORLDWIDE(31%) • LOSS OF 8.3 MILLION HECTERS PER YEAR IN 1990S TILL 2000 • UPTO 2010 THERE IS NET LOSS OF 6.2 MILLION HECTERS PER YEAR 17-25% REPORTED SHARE FROM DEFORESTATION AND FOREST DEGRADATION OF GLOBAL GREEN HOUSE GAS EMISSION
- 7. REDD ACTIVITIES (COP 16) • REDUCE EMMISIONS FROM DEFORESTATION • REDUCING EMMSIONS FROM FOREST DEGARDATION • CONSERVATION OF FOREST CARBON STOCK • SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF FOREST • ENHANCEMENT OF FOREST CARBON STOCKS
- 8. REDD+ AND PAKISTAN • PAKISTAN FOREST COVER IS LESS THAN 5%. • AS WE KNOW THAT PAKISTAN IS MUCH VULNERABLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE • REDD+ IS IN READINESS PHASE IN PAKISTAN • SO BY APPLYING THIS PROGRAME WE DECREASE THE VULNERABILITY • IT PROVIDE BENEFIT IN INCREASING THE VEGETAION COVER • BY INCREASING VEGETATION COVER WE WILL MITIGATE THE CLIMATE CHANGE
- 9. FINAL REMARKS TO MAKE REDD+ SUCCESS,THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR MUST BE INVOLVED IN OUR NATIONAL POLICY. FOOD SECURITY PROVIDED. IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IS A KEY TO MAKE REDD+ WORK IN PAKISTAN.
- 10. NO EASY AND CHEAP WAY TO REDUCE DEFORESTATION WE STILL HAVE TO WAIT SOME TIME UNTIL REDD+HAS BECOME AN OPERATIONAL INSTRUMENT. REDD+ HAS MANAGED TO POSITION THE FORESTS AND FOREST SECTOR ON THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL AGENDA.
- 11. • HUGE FINANCIAL RESOURCES ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE FOR REDD+. • IT IS A GOOD OPPORTUNITY TO USE THESE RESOURCES FOR ACTIVITIES,SUCH AS INSTITUTIONAL STRENGHTHING,FOREST MONITORING.. • THE FORESTS SHOULD GIVE OTHER ECONOMIC BENEFITS THAN JUST REDD MONEY.