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Male and Female Reproductive Systems
- 1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System Bellringer • What do you think reproduction means? 6th Grade
- 2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Male Reproductive System What the Male Reproductive System does… 6th Grade Works to produce sperm and deliver it to the female reproductive system •Sperm – sex cells that are produced by the testes and that is needed to fertilize an egg •Eggs (ova) – sex cells produced by the ovaries that can be fertilized by sperm •Fertilization – the process by which a sperm and an egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life •Reproduction – the process of producing a new human
- 3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade Testes (Testicle) • Male reproductive organs that make sperm and testosterone – Produce several hundred million sperm each day
- 4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade Testes (Testicle) cont… • The 2 testes rest in the scrotum – Scrotum - Skin-covered sac that hangs from the body – Small muscles in the scrotum move the testes closer or farther from the body – help regulate temperature of sperm
- 5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade Penis • The male reproductive organ that removes urine from the male’s body and that can deliver sperm to the female reproductive system • Made of soft tissue and blood vessels • During sexual activity, the penis becomes erect or firm – Ejaculation – occurs when sperm are released from the penis after sexual excitement • Urethra – a passage for urine to leave the body • Foreskin – a sheath of skin that covers the tip of the penis – Circumcision – surgery to remove foreskin
- 6. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade Male Reproductive System Epididymis and Vans Deferens • Epididymis – tightly coiled tube where sperm mature and are stored • Vas Deferens – a long tube where sperm mix with fluids made by three accessory reproductive organs
- 7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade Male Reproductive System Seminal Vesicles • Produce thick secretions that nourish the sperm and help sperm move easier • Found near the base of the urinary bladder
- 8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade Male Reproductive System Prostate gland • A gland in males that adds fluids that nourish and protect sperm when the sperm are in the female body. • Secretes a thin, milky fluid that protects the sperm from acid in the female reproductive system
- 9. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade Male Reproductive System Semen • Mixture of sperm and other secretions from the male reproductive organs
- 10. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade Male Reproductive System Urethra • Tube that passes through the penis. • Sperm leave the body during ejaculation via this tube.
- 11. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade Testosterone • The male hormone made by the testes
- 12. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade What happens if sperm get to hot? • Sperm made at high temperatures are defective and cannot fertilize eggs.
- 13. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade What 3 parts make up the sperm? What is the function of each part? -the head contains substances that help the sperm enter the egg. - the mid piece contains structures that release the energy needed for the long trip through the female reproductive system. - the tail is made of proteins that help the sperm move.
- 14. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade How long does it take an immature sperm to mature? • An immature sperm takes 2 – 10 days to fully mature.
- 15. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade What 3 organs add fluid to the sperm? • The seminal vesicle, bulbourethral glands (Cowpers glands) and the prostate gland
- 16. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Male Reproductive System 6th Grade What prevents urine and semen from going through the penis at the same time? • A flap in the urethra prevents urine and semen from going through the penis at the same time.
- 17. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu What are some signs that a male is going through puberty? • Shoulders get wider • The muscles get larger • Hair grows on the face and other parts of the body • The voice deepens • At this time testosterone also causes the body to start making sperm 6th Grade Male Reproductive System
- 18. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu List 5 things you know about the female reproductive system. 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 19. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu What the female reproductive system does – Function is to make eggs and provide a place to support and nourish a developing human 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 20. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade
- 21. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu How the Female Reproductive System Works
- 22. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Ovaries – Are the female reproductive organs that produce eggs • Eggs (ova) – sex cells that are produced by the ovaries and can be fertilized by sperm • All of the eggs a female will ever have, are in her 2 ovaries when she is born – Make the hormones estrogen and progesterone • Regulate the monthly release of an egg and prepare the body for pregnancy 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 23. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Vagina and Urethra Vagina • Female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus • Receives sperm during reproduction Urethra • Located above and separate from the vagina – carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 24. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Fallopian Tubes and Uterus – Fallopian tubes • the female reproductive organs that transport an egg from the ovary to the uterus – Uterus • female reproductive organ that provides a place to support a developing human • muscular cavity the size of a fist 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 25. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 6th Grade
- 26. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu How the Menstrual Cycle Works
- 27. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Menstrual cycle A monthly series of hormone-controlled changes that prepare the uterine lining for a pregnancy – Ovulation – the release of an egg from a follicle in the ovary • High levels of estrogen and progesterone thicken and maintain the uterine lining • If pregnancy does not occur – estrogen and progesterone levels quickly fall – Menstruation – breakdown and discharge of the uterine lining out of the vagina • Usually lasts between 3 and 7 days 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 28. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Menstrual Cycle can vary • Average cycle is 28 days – Can vary from one individual to another and from month to month • Ovulation usually occurs on the 14th day – Environmental factors can influence the timing of a cycle Stress Exercise Weight gain or loss Diet Travel Illness 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
- 29. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Discussion Questions – Describe the pathway an egg takes after it is released from an ovary. – Summarize the steps of the menstrual cycle. – Some products claim to to be able to treat premenstrual syndrome (PMS). After discussing PMS, discuss whether you think these drugs are likely to be effective. 6th Grade Female Reproductive System
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