The document provides an overview of the human reproductive system, detailing the functions and structures of both the female and male reproductive systems. The female system produces ova and nurtures embryos, while the male system produces sperm and involves various glands and organs for reproduction. Understanding these systems is crucial for recognizing their roles in species survival and the distinctions between male and female reproductive functions.

1. Human
Reproductive
System
KNOW MORE ABOUT YOUR
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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Reproduction can be
defined as the
biological process of
producing a new
individual or an
offspring identical to
the parents. This
process ensures the
increase in the number
of individuals of a
species when
conditions are
favourable. It is one
of the fundamental
characteristics of
living things and an
essential life process.

2. Female Reproductive
System
Female reproductive system has two functions
1.Production of female gamete called
ovum/egg.
2. Providing nutrition and protecting the
developing embryo.
The female reproductive system is active before,
during, and after fertilization as well. It
consists of the following parts:
A pair of ovaries: Ovaries produce and store ovum
in them. They also produce a female hormone
called estrogen.
Fallopian tubes: They are the site of fertilization.
They connect the ovaries with the uterus.
Uterus: Uterus is the site of development for the
embryo.
Vagina: It is the part that connects the cervix to
the external female body parts. It is the route for
the penis during coitus as well as a fetus during
delivery.
Cervix: is a cylinder-shaped neck of tissue that
connects the vagina and uterus.
Fimbriae: it helps in the movement of the egg cell.
Male Reproductive
System
The male gametes, sperms are produced
within the male reproductive system.
Sperms are small unicellular structures
with a head, middle piece, and tail.
Testicles (testes): A pair of oval-shaped organs masked in a pouch
called the scrotum. They are responsible for the production of
sperms and the male hormone testosterone.
Scrotum: It is a sac-like organ that hangs below the penis and
behind it. It is the houses of the testicles, or testes, and maintains
a temperature that is required for the production of sperm by it.
Vas deferens: The sperms produced in testes are stored in a tube
called the epididymis. Here the sperms get matured and pass to
urethra through the muscular tube called vas deferens.
Accessory glands: This includes three glands, namely seminal
vesicles, prostate gland, and Cowper’s gland. The secretions from
the three glands mix to form a fluid called semen. Semen nourishes
the sperm, increases the volume and helps in lubrication.
Penis: Penis is a cylindrical tube which serves as both reproductive
organ and an excretory organ. It delivers sperms into the vagina
during sexual intercourse.
Urethra: which is part of both the male reproductive system and
the urinary system, has the dual function of transporting sperm
and urine.
The male reproductive system consists
of :
Why is it important to
study the reproductive
system?
The reproductive system is an important
set of organs because it facilitates the
reproduction process since it contains
fluids like hormone and pheromones that
are important accessories for
reproduction.
What is the importance of
the reproductive system?
The major function of the reproductive
system is to ensure survival of the species.
Other systems in the body, such as the
endocrine and urinary systems, work
continuously to maintain homeostasis for
survival of the individual.
The functional and most significant difference in
the male and female reproductive system is that
the male reproductive system only produces
sperms and delivers to the female reproductive
system. On the other hand, the female
reproductive system is designed to produce a
baby and promote its development.
Also, why is it important to know
the difference between the male
and female reproductive
systems?