2. Reproduction
• Reproduction - is the process of producing offspring. This process
is important to keep species alive and continue to perpetuate life.
Like all the other living things, humans produce new individuals
through reproduction. Both the male and female have reproductive
systems that play important roles for reproduction in humans to
take place.
3. Reproduction
• Males and females have different
reproductive organs. All of these organs
have their own set of functions that
ensure that they can produce the
necessary materials needed for
reproduction.
• Before reproduction can occur,
however, the body of both males and
females need to be physically prepared.
The body will need to develop and
undergo changes to make sure that the
person is physically ready and capable
of producing offspring.
4. Understanding Reproduction in Humans
• To understand reproduction in humans:
- recognize first the basic units responsible for the formation and
propagation of life – the sex cells. These are also known as gametes,
which are unique for males and females. The male sex cells are called
sperm while the female sex cells are called ova (sing. ovum) or eggs.
Gonads or reproductive glands produce sex cells. The main function of
the male reproductive system is to produce sperm cells. This plays an
important role for life to begin, as life begins with the union of the
sperm and ovum. This union of male and female sex cells is a process
known as fertilization.
5. The Male Reproductive Organ
• The male reproductive system consists of the following:
1. Testes
2. Scrotum
3. Epididymis
4. vas deferens
5. seminal vesicle
6. prostate gland
7. Penis
8. urethra.
6. The Testes
•The testicles or testes (sing.
testis) are the major organs of
the male reproductive system.
These are the gonads that
produce sperm cells and
release the male sex hormone
called testosterone.
7. The Testes
• The testes are found inside a pouch of
skin called the scrotum. It protects the
testes from changes in temperature. In
fact, the scrotum has a lower
temperature compared to the rest of the
body. Its size also changes to maintain
the right temperature. For example,
when the body is cold, it shrinks to keep
the testes warm. But when the body is
warm, it becomes loose to get rid of the
extra heat in the body. This is to ensure
that testes will have a normal production
of sperm cells.
