booklet

1. Informational Booklet
x]df]*fonfO{l;;sf]
lj/fdLn]
hfGg' kg]{ s'/fx?
Ram Sharan Mehta
Nephrology Unit
B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences Dharan,
Nepal
1= d[uf}nfn] s] sfd ub{% ?
d[uf}nfn] lbgsf] 24 ;} #)^f xfd|f] zl//sf] /ut
;kmf ug]{ sfd ub{% . o;n] zl//nfO{ al(ePsf]
kfgL tyf cgfjZos tTjx? %fg]/ lk;fjsf]
?kdf kmfNg] sfd ub{% . ;fy} zl//nfO{ rflxg]
na)fsf] -;f]l*od, kf]^l;od O{=_ ;+t'ng agfO{
/fV% .
2= d[uf}nf lju|]sf] jf km]n ePsf] slxn] dflgG%
?
Pp^f d[uf}nfn] 20 k|ltzt dfq sfd u?Gh]n
AolQm :j:Yo /xg ;S% . olb o;eGbfklg sld
cfPdf zl//sf] ljsf/ lk;fjsf] ?kdf kmNg gl;s
/utdf hDdf x'G% / lj/fdLnfO{ sdhf]/L, ysfO{,
vfgfdf c?rL, zl// ;'lgg], kmf]S;f]df kfgL hDg],
/ pRr/Strfk h:tf /f]u b]vf kg{ ;S% . of]
cj:yfnfO{ g} d[uf}nf lju|]sf] (Renal Failure) elgG%
.
3= d[uf}nf lju|g] (Renal Failure) sf/)fx? s]s] x'g
?
lrgLsf] /f]u -*fOj]l^S;_ / pRr/Strfk
(Hypertension) d[uf}nf ljufg]{ k|d'v sf/)f x'g .
cGo sf/)fx?df xfO{kf]^]G;g -zs_ d'^'sf]/f]u, /St
gnLsf] /f]u, lj;fn' kbfy{sf] ;]jg (Toxins), OTofbL
klg d[uf}nf lju|g] sf/)fx? x'g .
4= d[uf}nf lju]|sf] (Renal Failure) pkrf/ s;l/
ul/G% ?
d[uf}nf lju|]/ clGtd cj:yfdf k'u]sf] lj/fdL (End
stage Renal disease) df d[uf}nfsf] sfd lgDg
dfWodaf^ u/fpg ;lsG% .
s= *fonfO{l;;--k]l/^f]lgon jf x]df]*fOnfOl;;_
v= d[uf}nf k|Tof/f]kg (Real transplant).
5= x]df]*fOnfO{l;; eg]sf] s] xf] ?
x]df]*fonfOl;;df zl//sf] /utnfO{ aflx/ lgsfn]/
s[lqd d[uf}nf -*fonfO{h/_ / dl;gsf] ;xof]uaf^
/ut ;kmf ul/G% . ;kmf eO;s]sf] /ut k'gM zl//df
k&fOG% . zl//af^ yf]/} /ut -250 ld=ln= hlt_
aflx/ d]l;gdf lgsfn]sf] x'G% / ;kmfub{} zl//df
k&fOG% . x]df]*fonfol;; ug{sf]nflu lkm:^'nf
(Fistula), u|fkm^ (Graft) jf sofg'nf (Canula) sf]
dbtn] zl//af^ cfjZosdfqfdf /ut lgsfNg dbt
k'Cofp% . ;dfGotf lj/fdLnfO{ xKtfsf] 2 b]lv 3
k^s;Dd x]df]*fonfO{l;; u/fpg' k%{ / x/]s k^ssf]
*fonfOl;; 3 b]lv 4 #)^f ;Ddsf] x'G% .
6= x]df]*fonfO{l;; af^ s] s] kmfObf x'G% ?
x]df]*fonfO{l;; pkrf/ xKtfdf 2 b]lv 3 k^s
u/fPk'U% / Ps k^s ug{ 3 b]lv 4 #)^f ;do
dfq nfU% . pkrf/ kl% t'/Gt #/ hfg ;lsG% /
k]l/^f]lgon *fonfO{l;; eGbf al( k|efjsf/L x'G% .

2. 7= x]df]*fonfO{l;;sf] lj/fdLn] s] s] ;fawfgL -k/x]h_
x? ckgfpg' k%{ .
vfgfM *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ vfgf vfg' k%{ .
vfgfdf k|f]l^g, ;f]l*od -g'g_, kf]^fl;od, Sofnf]/L
tyf kfgLsf] k|of]u *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ ug'{ k%{
. kmnkm'n ;Nnfx cg';f/ dfq vfg'k%{ .
w'd|kfg tyf dBkfgM *fonfOl;;sf] pkrf/df /x]sf]
lj/fdLn] w'd|kfg tyf dBkfg ug'{ x'b}g .
x]k^fol^; lj= EoflS;gM zl//sf] k|lt/f]wfTds Ifdtf
sd x'g] ePsf]n] *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/
x]kf^fOl^;sf] ;"O{ nufpg' k%{ .
/utsf] hfrM lgoldt ?kdf /utsf] hfr o'l/of,
lqmol^lgd, ;f]l*od, kf]^fl;od, Sofnl;od, km:km]/;
tyf x]df]Unf]ljg, *fS^/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ u/fpg' k%{
.
8= d[uf}nf k|Tof/f]kg (Renal transplantation) eg]sf]
s] xf] ?
zNoqmof u/]/ :j:Yo d[uf}nf lj/fdLsf] zl//df /fVg]
jf k|lt:yfkg ug]{ k|s[ofnO{ d[uf}nf k|Tof/f]kg elgG%
. o; zNolqmofdf csf]{ :jf:Yo d[uf}nf lxksf] xf*
(Hip bone) ghLs} d'qgnL (Ureter) df hf]l*G% .
slxn]sfxL lju|L;s]sf] d[uf}nf ;+qmd)f tyf pRr/Strfk
x'gaf^ arfpgsf] nfuL lgsflnG% . cGoyf klxn]s}
cj:yfdf ;f] d[uf}nf /xG%g . k|Tof/f]kgsf nfuL
d[uf}nf lbg] bftfx? 2 k|sf/sf x'G%g . k|yd :jf:Yo
jf lhjLtbftf (Living doner) h:t}M kl/jfsf ;b:o,
gft]bf/x?, tyf :jbftfx? kb{%g . tyf bf];|f]DF
d/]kl% lbg] bftf (Cadaver doner) x? kb{%g .
9=k]l/^f]lgon *fonfO{l;; eg]sf] s] xf] ?
o; k|sf/sf] *fonfOl;; lj/fdLsf] zl// leq
g} ul/G% . lrlsT;s$f/f k]^df ;fgf] #fp
jgfP/ Pp^f gnL jf ^o'j k]^leq -
k]l/^f]lgoddf_ /flvG% . pQm gnLaf^
*fonfO{l;; ;f]n';g k]^df k&fOG% / s]lx a]/
kl% k'gM jflx/ lgsfnLG% . k]^df *fonfo{l;;
;f]n';g -kfgL_ /xbf o;n] /utdf /x]sf] ljsf/
tfG% / jflx/ lgsfNg dbt u%{ . o;sf] w]/}
k|sf/x? %g . l;=P=lk=l*= (CAPD) df
u'?Tjfsif{)fsf] ;xof]un] *fonfO{l;; ul/G% .
cr]n P=lk=l*= (Ambulatory peritoneal dialysis)
sf] k|of]u klg x'g yfn]sf] % .
-10_ x]df]*fonfOl;;sf] s] s] g/fd|f c;/x?
x'g ;S%g .
jfsjfls nfUg], jfGtfx'g], vfg dg gnfUg],
sDkg cfpg], sd/Qmrfk x'g', ;'hg, Hj/f],
/ut jl(cfpg] h:tf ;d:ofx? b]vfkg{ ;S%
t/ o;af^ aRg ljleGg pkfox? ckgfpg'
k%{ .
11= lkm:^'nf, u|fkm^ tyf ;G^ nufPsf] j/fdLn]
s] s] ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' k%{ .
/Qmrfk pQm xftdf (Fistula graft etc ePsf]_
gfKg' x'b}g . pQmxftaf^ /ut tfGg] tyf kfgL
r(fpg' x'b}g . xftsf] jofd ug'{ k%{ . ef/L
lrh p&fpg' x'b}g tyf pQmxft tn /fv]/
;'Tg'x'b}g .
12= lj/fdLn] Wofglbg' kg]{ d'Vo s'/fx?M
*fonfO{l;; d[uf}nfsf] ;§fdf sfd ug]{ Pp^f
pkrf/ dfq xf] . o;n] k')f{ ?kdf d[uf}nfsf] sfd
ug{ ;Sb}g, To;}n] tkfO{n] cfkmgf] /xg;xgdf s]lx
kl/jt{g Nofpg kb{% / lgDg s'/fx?df Wofg
lbg'kb{% . -s_ vfg]s'/f -v_ lkpg]kfgLsf] dfqf
-u_ lgoldt cf}iflwsf] ;]jg tyf -#_ tflnsf
cg';f/ lgoldt *fonfO{l;; -~_ d[uf}nf lju|g]
cf}ifwLx? h:t}M Brufen, voveran etc vfg' x'b}g .
-r_ AolQmut z/;kmfO{ /fVg' k%{ . -%_ d'v
lgoldt ?kdf ;kmf /fVg' k%{ / Mouth wash n]
w'g' k%{ . -h_ le*ef*df w]/} hfg' x'b}g .
-em_ #/df ksfPsf] vfgf tyf pdfn]sf] kfgL vfg'
/fd|f] x'G% -`f_ /Qmrfk lgoldt gfKg' k%{ .
-^_ lgoldt tf}n lnO /]s* /fVg' k%{ . oL
s'/fx?df Wofg lbg' ePdf tkfO{n] :jf:Yo /xL
klxn] em} cfkmgf] hLjg /dfOnf] ;+u AoflQmTj ug{
;Sg' x'G% . ;fy} cfkmgf] sfdx? klg lgoldt
?kdf ug{ ;Sg' x'G% .
wGojfb,