1. CRISIS MANANGEMENT ON
ICT
--C. Blurton
RICHARD O. CODERIAS
REPORTER
--The Research Council of Norway

2. ICTs Defined
• A diverse set of technological tools and resources
used to communicate, and to create, disseminate,
store, and manage information. --C. Blurton
• Defined as the basis for developing and using
telecommunications and computer systems and
digital information and communications systems in
the broadest sense. ICT includes hardware, software
and netware, as well as institutional, financial,
cultural and application-related parameters that
determine how ICT will be shaped and developed by
--The Research Council of Norway
society at large.

3. National Vision for ICT
“ICT will be harnessed as a powerful enabler
of capacity development. It will therefore be
targeted directly towards specific
development goals like ensuring basic
education for all and lifelong learning,
among others.”

4. National Vision for ICT
in Education
• The education goal set forth MTPDP 2004-2010 is
that by 2010 “[e]veryone of school age will be in
school, in an uncrowded classroom, in
surroundings conducive to learning. Three thousand
school buildings a year shall have been built and a
computer put in every high school.”
• The MTPDP provides for the wider use of
computers to support teaching-learning processes,
the promotion of e-learning and information literacy
shall, and the establishment of e-learning
competency centers.

5. ICT Plan
for Basic Education
• Drafted in 2002 and focuses in the ff key areas:
– infrastructure development
– technical support
– teacher training on the design, production and use of
ICT-based instructional materials
– research and development
– technology integration in the curriculum
– use of innovative technologies in education and
training
– fund generation, particularly through non-traditional
financing schemes

6. ICT Plan
for Basic Education
• Operational targets by 2009
– provision of appropriate educational technologies to
all public high schools
– provision of a computer laboratory with basic
multimedia equipment to 75% of public high schools
– provision of electronic library systems to all public
science-oriented high schools
– training of 75% of public secondary school teachers
in basic computing and Internet skills as well as in
computer-aided instruction (CAI)
– integration of ICT in all learning areas, when
appropriate

7. Computers in Schools
• 14.28% of ESs & HSs, public and private, have
computers
• Highest PC penetration rates
– NCR Region 21.3%
– Region III
15.6%
– Region IV
12%
• Note that only 66% of schools have electricity!
• Computers in schools are acquired mostly through
purchases using school funds (45%) or through
donations by government and private groups (40%).
--SEAMEO Survey, 2000-2001

8. Computers in
Public High Schools
• DepED estimates to date 69% of public HSs
already have at least one computer, and expects
this to increase to 75% by end of 2005.
poor student-to-computer ratio
ranges from 12:1 to 1,098:1
mean ratio = 267:1
modal ratio = 209:1
poor teacher-to-computer ratio
75% of schools have a ratio of 5:1 or worse
mean ratio = 9:1
modal ratio = 8:1
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

9. Computers in
Public High Schools
Instructional Use of Computers in public HSs
Percentage of schools that use computers for teaching
and learning activities in the indicated subject areas
Technology and Home Economics
96.9
Science and Technology
77.1
Mathematics
67.7
English
62.5
Multidisciplinary projects or activities
43.8
Social Studies
30.2
PE, Health and Music
27.1
Filipino
Values Education
25
25
RHGP
17.7
Literacy Program
1
Journalism
1
Citizen Army Training
1
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002
80.4% of the total
number of hours of
computer use in the
schools is for basic
ICT skills training
under Technology
and Home
Economics for
predominantly 3rd
and 4th year students

10. Computers in
Public High Schools
DESPITE...
Computers having fast processors and fairly
recent operating systems
•
•
96.4% have Pentium processors
96% run on Windows 95 or 98
Computers having multimedia capability
(with CD ROM drives and sound cards)
•
86% computers available for teacher use
•
87% computers available for student use
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

11. Computers in
Public High Schools
Computers in public HSs are
UNDERUTILIZED
• Computers are not used primarily for their
intended, curricular purpose, i.e., to enhance the
teaching and learning process
• Computers are not used to their full potential as
machines—they are being used as glorified
typewriters!

12. Why are Computers
Underutilized?
Lack of educational software
Percentage of schools with educational software available for
use by students
Mathematics
77
Science and Technology
76
English
76
Technology and Home Economics
50
Social Studies
17
Multidisciplinary projects or activities
9
Filipino
4
PE, Health and Music
Values Education
4
2
RHGP
1
NONE
7
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

13. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Lack of hardware peripherals
Percentage of schools with hardware peripherals
available for use by students
Color printer
Dot matrix printer
Scanner
Inkjet printer
Laser printer
TV and decoder
Video/LCD projector
CD writer
Devices for digital imaging & video processing
Graphical tablet
NONE
90.6
53.1
21.9
18.8
9.4
6.3
4.2
3.1
3.1
1
4.2
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

14. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Lack of local area networks (LANs)
• Networking indicates a higher level of
efficiency in management of educational
resources (e.g., sharing of files,
distribution of Internet connection)
• Only 7% of schools have computers used
for educational purposes that are
networked
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

15. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Lack of Internet access
• Only 13% of the schools have Internet access
• Only 9% of schools have computers with
Internet access available for teacher use
• Only 8% of schools have computers with
Internet access available for student use
• Only 5% of schools have simultaneous
Internet access: between 2 to 35 computers
• Online time is limited: Half of the schools go
online an average of less than one hour per
day. Mean access time per month = 32 hours
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

16. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Lack of Internet access
• Bandwidth is limited: The majority
of schools have dial-up
connections, max of 56.6 kbps
• Educational use is limited:
• In 75.6% of schools: 10% or
less of faculty use the Internet
• In 57.1% of schools: 10% or
less of student population use
the Internet for educational
purposes, mostly for “online
research”
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

17. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Generally low level of computing and Internet
skills of teachers
Percentage of schools by percentage of
teachers with basic computing skills
1% to 10%
13
11% to 25%
8
26% to 50%
31
51% to 75%
19
More than 75%
29
Percentage of schools by percentage of
teachers with basic Internet skills
None
1% to 10%
11% to 25%
26% to 50%
51% to 75%
More than 75%
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002
20
54
9
12
3
2

18. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Generally low level of skills in using subjectspecific applications among faculty
Percentage of schools by percentage of
teachers who can use subject-specific
applications
None
1% to 10%
11% to 25%
26% to 50%
51% to 75%
More than 75%
8
36
19
23
8
6
There is a lack of
technical support skills
as well.
• Only 32% of schools
have at least one member
of its staff who can install,
maintain and repair
hardware and software
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

19. Why are Computers
in Public HSs Underutilized?
Perceived major obstacles to ICT use
• lack of computers
• lack of technical support
• lack of training opportunities for teachers
• lack of standards and guidelines for ICT
integration
• lack of funds for operations and maintenance
--FIT-ED Survey, 2002

20. Some Efforts
to Fill the Gaps
Networking & Internet Access
• Special rates for schools: 1 year free access
and preferential rates thereafter, offered by
Innove and PLDT
• CLIC Program (USAID-Growth with Equity for
Mindanao) for ARMM and conflict afflicted areas
in Mindanao
• YouthTech (Ayala Foundation)
• ConnectEd’s GILAS Project (in the pipeline)
• Thin Client Pilot (DOST-SEI)

21. THANK YOU!!!