This document discusses global wind patterns. It begins by explaining that wind is the movement of air from high to low pressure areas. It then describes how wind is formed through convection currents caused by uneven heating of the Earth's surface from the sun. The Coriolis effect causes winds to curve due to the Earth's rotation. There are local winds formed by local geographic features and global winds formed by larger air masses. Global wind types include polar easterlies, prevailing westerlies, trade winds, and doldrums. Prevailing winds typically blow from west to east in the mid-latitudes. Nepal experiences a temperate climate due to its location in the Himalayas between the Tropic of Cancer and Arctic

1. GLOBAL WIND PATTERNS
By : Renu Rajbahak
Neha Adhikari

2. CONTENTS
• Wind
• Formation of wind
• Coriolis effect
• Types of winds: Global and Local wind
• Prevailing wind
• Location of Nepal

3. WIND RELATES TO AIR
• Air is the combination of all the gases –
that surrouds the earth atmosphere-
• -like carbon dioxide, argon, oxygen,
nitrogen, hydrogen and many more
• The movement of Air from place to place,
typically from a high-pressure area to a
low-pressure area i.e, wind
• Winds behave differently in many
different places and conditions around the
earth.
A 'wind' is simply the flow of a huge
amount of air, usually from a high
pressure-area to a low-pressure area.
Fig: layers of atmosphere
Fig: pressure and
wind direction

4. FORMATION OF WIND
• Begins with sun’s radiation- absorbed
differently on the earth’s surface and
heated differently –
• Due to cloud cover, water bodies,
vegetation, uneven surface like mountains,
valleys
• Variation of temperature on earth surfaces
• Air on surfaces with higher temperatures
-begin to rise - it is lighter, - creates low
atmospheric pressure
• Air on surfaces with cooler temperatures
sink - sinking creates higher atmospheric
pressure.
Fig: formation of wind

5. FORMATION OF WIND
• The behaviour when warm gases or liquids
moving upward and being replaced by
cooler particles is called Convection.
• The energy moving during convection is
called convectional current.
• Convection occurs in liquids and gases –
land breeze and sea breeze
• Sea breeze occurs at day time where as
land breeze at night time
Fig: formation of wind
Sea breeze
Land breeze

6. CORIOLIS EFFECT
• Wind appears to curve due to earth’s
rotation
• Northern hemisphere- wind curves to the
right
• Southern hemisphere- wind curve to the
right

7. PRESSURE BELT

8. TYPES OF WINDS
• Different classified winds like gentle
breeze, moderate winds, strong winds gale
winds(end up as tornadoes and hurricane)
• Types are: Local wind and Global wind
• Local wind- created as a result of scenery
such as mountains, vegetation, water
bodies and so on-
• ex:sea breezes and land breezes, and
mountain and valley breezes.
Slope
wind

9. TYPES OF WINDS
• Global wind - large air masses - created
mainly as a result of the earth’s rotation, the
shape of the earth and the sun’s heating
power.
• Types –
1. Polar easterlies
2. Prevailing westerlies
3. Tropical easterlies/ trade winds
4. Doldrums

10. TYPES OF WINDS
1. Polar easterlies- covers from 60° latitudes to the
north and south poles- wind blows from east to
west
2. Prevailing westerlies- covers 30° to 60° latitude
to the north and south - wind blows opposite
direction from west to east-Horse latitudes:Where
the Westerlies meet the trade winds at about 30
degrees (Jacksonville, Florida) is the Horse
latitudes, also Variables of Cancer, Subtropical
High, or Subtropical ridge. This is a region of
high pressure, dry air, and variable winds, and is
associated with deserts over land.
3. Trade wind- covers 0° to 30° latitude- wind
blows from east to west
4. Doldrums - 0° to 5° latitude to the north and south
of equatorial area- very low pressure area caused
by constant heating of the sun – calm area with
very little wind

11. PREVAILING WINDS
• Prevailing winds are the directions that
wind typically come from a location
• Distribute large amounts of solar
energy across the world
• Cause variety of precipitation like rain
or snow

12. LOCATION OF NEPAL
• The main latitude and longitude of
Nepal is 28° North and 84° East.
• small Asian country falls within the
Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic
Circle.
• The climatic condition of Nepal is
not typically a temperate one as the
country is located at the foothills of
the Himalayas.

13. CONCLUSION
• Hot/moist air rises up and cool/dry air
sinks down
• Low pressure due to hot air
• High pressure due to cool air
• Coriolis –curve wind due to earth’s
rotation
• Types local and global wind

14. • http://people.senecac.on.ca/kathy.kells/TGL200BB/Intro/winds.html
• Eschooltoday, 2010 http://www.eschooltoday.com/winds/the-coriolis-
effect.html
• https://quizlet.com/22270365/jet-streamsglobal-winds-flash-cards/
• https://quizlet.com/22270365/jet-streamsglobal-winds-flash-cards/

15. THANK YOU!