Here are three sentences from the passage separated into simple, compound, and complex: Simple: He has done me a favor. Compound: Peeta is bleeding too heavily, and Portia leads him off for medical treatment. Complex: By the time we’ve finished, they’re back.

1. CMT Prep
Every Friday
December to March

2. No. 1
• Us kids are not like grownups who can work a
long day.
• B. Insert a comma after grownups.

3. No. 2
• Before tackling our homework we need to go
rest our brains.
• C. Insert a comma after homework.

4. No. 3
• If you are worried about the safety of students
who’s parents work, I think you should make
the after-school program available to
everyone for free.
• B. change who’s to whose.

5. No. 4
• Then the students would be safe and the
parents would have peace of mind the kids
would be able to play or get their homework
done.
• A is the answer. CMT people are not author’s
craft people (but you should write that way in
the persuasive essay).

6. No. 5
• I know that you have reasons for wanting to
make the school day one hour longer. A longer
school day would allow students more time to
learn. Teachers would have more time to help
students who need extra help. Students could
do enrichment projects who were done with
their work. A longer school day would help
working parents because their children will be
safe at school in the afternoon.

7. No. 6
• dear Dr. Frenette,
• C: Change dear to Dear

8. No. 7
• Sometimes I learn from my classmates, too.
• D: Make no change

9. No. 8
• Students could do enrichment projects who
were done with their work.
• B: Students who were done with their work
could do enrichment projects.

10. No. 9
• Sometimes I think it’s better we having to do
things by ourselves.
• D: Sometimes I think it’s better when we have
to do things by ourselves.

11. No. 10
• A longer school day would help working
parents because their children will be safe at
school in the afternoon.
• A: Change will to would

12. Participial Phrase (Adjective Phrase)
• Before tackling our homework we need to go
rest our brains.
• Participle: usually the first word in participial
phrase
– Ends in –ed, -ing

13. Introductory Participial Phrase
• Comes at beginning of sentence
• Needs a comma
• Roaring through the night, the tornado ripped
through the wheat fields.

14. Essential Participial Phrase
• Comes in middle of sentence
• No comma
• Information is needed
• The woman wearing the long, red, silk dress
won Best New Artist of the Year.

15. Nonessential Participial Phrase
• Comes in middle of sentence
• Needs a comma
• Information is extra
• The Sahara, covered by miles and miles of
sand, is the largest desert in the world.

16. Writing a Response to a Story
• How do you answer a question like that?
• First, it’s asking you to do three things:
1. Determine the most important thing that
happened
2. Use information from the story to explain why
you think that
3. Back that up with your own ideas about
whatever happened

17. So How Do You Answer a Question Like
That?
• By organizing our thoughts: Use “ADE” to AID you.
A: Answer the question
What is the most important event? Why important?
D: Include a specific detail from story
Detail showing cause or effect “Because in the story it said . . .”
E: Explain or provide evidence
Give personal opinion/make
Support what you’re saying
connection

18. Let’s Try
• Question: What was the most important event in Chapter 2 of “Stone
Fox.” Use information from the story and your own life to answer the
question.
A: Answer D: Detail E: Explain/evidence

19. Put It All Together
A: Answer D: Detail E: Explain
The most important This is important because it .
helps Willy, later in the I know that not being
event in Chapter 2 of
chapter, realize that able to communicate
“Stone Fox” is when
Grandfather is not sick with someone is
little Willy figures out
because he was worried incredibly
how to communicate about having a good crop. frustrating, and if little
with Grandfather, who We know this because after Willy had not discovered
has mysteriously not little Willy sells all the that, he would be
spoken or gotten out of potatoes, Grandfather
entirely lost.
bed for weeks. signals “no.”
The most important event in Chapter 2 of “Stone Fox” is when little Willy figures out how to
communicate with Grandfather, who has mysteriously not spoken or gotten out of bed for
weeks. This is important because it helps Willy, later in the chapter, realize that Grandfather is
not sick because he was worried about having a good crop. We know this because after little
Willy sells all the potatoes, Grandfather signals “no.” I know that not being able to
communicate with someone is incredibly frustrating, and if little Willy had not discovered
that, he would be entirely lost.

20. NAME(S) ______________________________________ DATE __________
Question: What was the most important event in Chapter 4 of “The Outsiders.” Use information from the
story and your own life to answer the question.
A: Answer D: Detail (from story) E: Explain (from own life)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

22. E&R Tip of the Day: Separating phrases
with commas
• What’s wrong with this sentence?
• Before tackling our homework we need to go
rest our brains.
• We need to go rest our brains before tackling
our homework.
• We need to go rest our brains before we
tackle our homework.

23. Writer’s Notebooks
• Turn them in before class begins

24. Before tackling our homework we
need to go rest our brains.

25. Sentence Combination
The dishwasher was invented in 1889.
The dishwasher was invented by an Indiana
housewife.
The first dishwasher was driven by a steam
engine.
Invented in 1889, by an Indiana housewife,

26. Sentence Combination
5. The house sat stately upon a hill.
The house was gray.
The house was weather-worn.
The house was surrounded by barren tobacco
fields.
• The gray weather-worn house surrounded by
barren tobacco fields sat stately upon a hill.

27. Commas? Quantity and Location?
• The gray weather-worn house surrounded by barren tobacco fields sat stately upon a hill.
• The gray, weather-worn house, surrounded by barren tobacco fields, sat stately upon a hill.
• Surrounded by barren tobacco fields: phrase (does not have a subject and verb)
• Since it begins with a “participle” it is a “participial phrase”
• It usually starts with a verb ending in –ed or –ing
• YOU ALWAYS SEPARATE IT BY USING COMMAS

28. Verb as Adjective: Participle
• Before tackling our homework we need to go rest our
brains.
• We need to go rest our brains before tackling our
homework.
• It’s when a verb – before tackling – is actually
describing something; it’s when a verb is acting as an
adjective.
– When do we need to go rest our brains? Before tackling
our homework.

29. Activity
1. Choose another block of sentences, (#5 was
about the houses), cut out the sentences and
pieces of the sentences to create one long
sentence that includes as much information
as possible.
2. Your group will use that long sentence for the
in-class assignment.

30. NAMES __________________________________________DATE __________
English
Combining Sentences Activity
DIRECTIONS:
1. Choose one of the sentences your group created by combining sentences.
2. Write your sentence here, with commas:
The gray, weather-worn house, surrounded by barren tobacco fields, sat
stately upon a hill.
1. Match words/phrases to their sentence slots by gluing or taping.
Article: The
Adjective: gray
Noun: house
Verb: sat
Participial phrase: surrounded by barren tobacco fields

31. What’s Wrong?
• Enervated by the Special Forces team the
enemy conceded defeat.

32. • When you go into a fast food restaurant you
always see families with kids eating there.
• A tax on fast food, more difficult for families to
eat out.
• It isn’t like restaurants are selling cigarettes.
Cigarettes have been proven to cause cancer.

33. What’s missing?
• Back in the center of the gymnasium I take my
initial position and skewer the dummy right
through the heart then I sever the rope that
holds the sandbag for boxing and the bag
splits open as it slams to the ground
• Use punctuation to separate phrases and
clauses

34. What are phrases and clauses?
• All sentences have . . .
– Subject(s) and verb(s)
– The baby cried.
• If it’s a sentence it’s a clause
– Sentence=clause
– Santa Claus
• If it’s not a sentence (subject, no verb; verb, no
subject), it’s a phrase
– The day after New Year’s Day
– Biking up the mountain

35. Two Types of Clauses
• Independent
– The teenager took care of himself.
• Dependent
– Since his parents died
• Subordinate conjunctions
As after how although if unless until when as long as
whenever as much as now that where as soon as wherever
as though since while

36. Phrases and Clauses
Type: What it has or doesn’t What it looks like:
have:
Phrase Has either a subject or a Creating a PowerPoint
verb; it does not have both presentation
Independent Clause Subject and verb and can Santa Claus is a folktale
stand alone with derived from a real
punctuation European saint.
Dependent clause Subject and verb but can’t Although Katniss is smart
stand alone and strong

37. Sorting Phrases and Clauses
Phrases Clauses
Eating a Big Mac He prefers Wendy’s
Standing in line Her father can eat whatever he wants
Disposing of garbage Chicken nuggets are favored by most
children in America
Ordering a Happy Meal Fast food is cheap
Drinking a large, icy Coke He always loaded his roast beef
sandwiches with pickles at Roy Rodgers
Before the creation of the Whopper When my family goes to Burger King
Junior
Since I can’t eat fatty foods
Because the McRib is awesome
Unless dinner costs less than $20
Has anyone ever survived on fast food
alone
Who throws up at the sight of chopped
meat

38. Sorting Clauses
Independent Dependent
He prefers Wendy’s When my family goes to Burger King
Her father can eat whatever he wants Since I can’t eat fatty foods
Chicken nuggets are favored by most Because the McRib is awesome
children in America
Fast food is cheap Unless dinner costs less than $20
He always loaded his roast beef George, who throws up at the sight of
sandwiches with pickles at Roy Rodgers chopped meat, is a vegetarian.
Has anyone ever survived on fast food
alone
Who throws up at the sight of chopped
meat?

39. Paragraph 1
• I have dinner that night in my room ordering
an outrageous number of delicacies eating
myself sick and then taking out my anger at
Haymitch at the Hunger Games at every living
being in the Capitol by smashing dishes
around my room when the girl with the red
hair comes in to turn down my bed her eyes
widen at the mess just leave it i yell at her just
leave it alone

40. Paragraph 1
• I have dinner that night in my room, ordering
an outrageous number of delicacies, eating
myself sick, and then taking out my anger at
Haymitch, at the Hunger Games, at every
living being in the Capitol by smashing dishes
around my room. When the girl with the red
hair comes in to turn down my bed, her eyes
widen at the mess. “Just leave it!” I yell at her.
“Just leave it alone!”

41. Paragraph 2
• I hate her too with her knowing reproachful
eyes that call me a coward a monster a puppet
of the Capitol both now and then for her
justice must finally be happening at least my
death will help pay for the life of the boy in
the woods

42. Paragraph 2
• I hate her, too, with her knowing reproachful
eyes that call me a coward, a monster, a
puppet of the Capitol, both now and then. For
her, justice must finally be happening. At least
my death will help pay for the life of the boy in
the woods.

43. Conjunction
Dependent Clauses Independent Clauses
Simple Sentence Compound Sentence Complex Sentence

44. Three Sentence Types
1. Simple sentence
1. An independent clause, such as: The cow jumped
over the moon.
2. Compound sentence
1. Two independent clauses “living” together, like in a
compound, connected by words like “and” and “but.”
1. The cow jumped over the moon, and the little dog laughed
to see such a sport.
3. Complex sentence
1. When an independent clause “lives” with a
dependent clause (things get complicated)
1. Because it is a nursery rhyme, it does not make much
sense.

45. Sentence Sorting Activity
Simple Compound Complex

46. Sentence Sorting Activity
Simple Compound Complex
We start the cream and rose petal Peeta is bleeding too heavily, and By the time we’ve finished, they’re
soup without them. Portia leads him off for medical back.
treatment.
Peeta’s hands are wrapped in He has done me a favor, and I have I seem frilly and shallow, although
bandages. answered with an injury. the others assure me I am
charming.
But Peeta and I must make an early The actual Games don’t start don’t
start. start until ten, because so many of
the Capitol residents rise late.
Haymitch crosses his arms and When the anthem finishes and the
looks us both over. screen goes dark, a hush falls on
the room.
Because it’s Effie, she says she
hopes she gets promoted to a
decent district.
As soon as they leave here, they’ll
be at the Games Headquarters.

47. NAMES__________________________________________DATE __________
Completing the assignment early the student
asked to go to the bathroom although he really
did not have to go