INTERNSHIPS TRAINING IN A PILING SITE

CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
CONSULTANTS (PVT) LTD
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING(II)
NIMASHA W. P. R.
EG/2015/2705
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PLACE (I)
• TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES FROM TRAINING PLACE (I)
• Water Proofing
• INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PLACE (II)
• TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES RELATED TO CONSTRUCTION OF PILE
FOUNDATION
• Machineries used at site
• Pile center setting out
• Temporary casing installation
• Soil boring and Rock socketing
• Pile termination
• Reinforcement cage installation
• Pile toe Cleaning
• Pile concreting
• Temporary casing removal
• PROBLEMS ENCOUNTRED
• CONCLUSION
INTERNSHIP INDUSTRIAL TRAINING (II) TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES 2019 11/10/2019
2

INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PLACE(I)
Castle Residence Apartment Complex
(2016-2019)
Project Name :Proposed Apartment Complex at Borella
Client :Superlative Properties (Pvt) Ltd
Contractor :Micro Construction (Pvt) Ltd
Structural Eng :Civil and Structural Engineering Consultants
MEP Eng / Architect / Lead Consultant
:Jayampathy Herath Associates
No of Floors :17
No of units :46
No of car parks :66
Foundation Type :Pile Foundation
Project Cost :Rs.1500 Million
3

TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES FROM TRAINING PLACE (I)
Material Used:
• K11 Flex SP (25kg powder and 11
liter liquid).
Surface Preparation
• Remove lumped solid debris by floor chippin
• Rectify porous surface by applying “Lauko
124 ultra-prime”
• Prepare 25mm x 25mm fillet by 1:3 cement
mortar at the edges
• Damp and Well-Clean the Concrete area
Steps Involved:
• Surface Preparation
• Application
WATER PROOFING
Water proofing is done for Bathrooms & Balconies
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WATER PROOFING (Contd)
Application
• K11 Flex SP materials are mixed by a mechanical mixer
1:1 ratio for 2-3 minutes
• Apply 1st coat (in one direction)
• For vertical sections 300mm is need to be applied
• After 24 hours to the 1st coat, Apply 2nd coat in a
direction perpendicular to the 1st coat
• At the fillets, lay 150mm wide fiber net before the 2nd
coat get dried
• After another 24 hours apply 3rd coat only on the fiber
net
Application of 1st coat
Application of 2nd coat and laying Fiber net
5

INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PLACE(II)
6
Tri-Zen High rise Residential
Complex
Project Name :Tri-Zen Proposed High rise Residential Complex
Client & Developer :Baybrooke Residential Towers (Pvt) Ltd
Client’s architect / Structural Eng
:P & T Consultants (Pvt) Ltd
Client’s M & E Consultancy Eng
:Beca Carter Holdings & Ferner (SE Asia) Pte Ltd
Client’s Local Consultants
:STEMS Consultants (Pte) Ltd
Client’s Project Manager
:Mihindu Keerthiratne Associates
Design & Build Contractor
:China State Construction Engineering Cooperation
Contractor’s Structural Eng
:Civil & Structural Engineering Consultants (Pvt) Ltd
Piling Sub Contractor:D P Jayasinghe Piling Company (Pvt) Ltd

11/10/2019INTERNSHIP INDUSTRIAL TRAINING (II) TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES 2019
7
Proposed foundation system of the project was “Bored & Cast In-Situ Pile Foundation System”.
Tower 01 02 03
Height(m) 188.905 195.505 188.905
No of
Floors
40 42 40
No of
Units
240 417 240
Table 01:Tower Arrangement in Brief
Pile Diameter(mm) Pile Capacity (kN) No of Piles
1800 25470 83
1500 18320 24
Total No of Piles 107
Table 02:Consistency & Capacity Details of the Design
• The above proposed foundation system was designed based on the site sub-soil profile, which had been
investigated by exploring 12 number of Boreholes
• Thereby it has been identified that the land has higher, middle and lower ground levels
INTRODUCTION TO TRAINING PLACE(II) (Contd)

8
Predicted
contour Map
Maximum
serviceability load
Vs Pile group
Capacity

9
TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES FROM TRAINING PLACE (II)
Boring Machineries & Tools Used at site
Boring Machines
BG39, BG30, BG28, BG25 &
BG24H
Boring Tools
Rock Auger, Rock Bucket, Core Barrel, Core Barrel with roller Bits
Other than these boring tools Cleaning Buckets also were used.Eg: BG 39

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Setting Out of the Pile
Center
TECHNICAL EXPERIENCES FROM TRAINING PLACE (II) (Contd)
• Setting Out of the Pile Center is
done by Licensed Surveyor
• The point should be properly
barricaded
Initiate Soil Boring by Rock
Auger
• Coincided rock auger will do soil
boring up-to 5-6m
Pouring of Bentonite
• To stabilize the borehole wall

11
Casing Installation &
Orientation
• To check the orientation and the
verticality two reference points are
needed
• For positioning that two reference
points the “Pythagoras Theorem” is
followed
Positioning reference points Checking Verticality of
Casing

12
Boring Sheet
• A sheet is used to keep
boring records
• Up-to end of soil layer,
soil samples are collected
for every 5m
• Then after up-to
socketing level weathered
rock samples are collected
for every 500mm
• After the rock socketing
starts level, for every 1m
rock samples are
collected
Sample
Boring sheet
Rock sample
Display Box

13
Pile Socketing
Pile Termination
Factors considered,
• Penetration rate
• Hardness of the rock
• Point Load Test Value at a depth
of 7D from socketing starts
• Location of other piles within the
same pile cap
For a pile,
• Socketing is done up-to 7 x Pile
Diameter
• Socketing starts from fractured
rock level (after the weathered
rock level)
Point Load Index Test
The test is done
confirming to the ASTM
D5731
Point Load Index Test Results

14
Preparation of the R/F
Cage
Installation of the R/F
Cage
Additional T16 Links @3m c/c
have been provided to keep the
shape of the cage
From cut off level to 4m depth,
T10@100mm & far beyond that
T10@200mm main shear links
are provided

15
Pile toe Cleaning by Bentonite
Circulation
• In this stage the used bentonite
inside the borehole is replaced by
fresh bentonite
• To start the circulation, it is needed
to check density & viscosity of fresh
bentonite
• To finish the circulation, again it is
needed to check density, viscosity &
sand content of the bentonite from
the pile toe
Property Unit Stages Test
Equipm
ent
Fresh Ready for Use Before Concreting
Density g/ml <1.10 <1.25 <1.15 Mud
Density
Balance
Marsh Viscosity sec 32-50 32-60 32-50 Marsh
Funnel
Bentonite Property
limiting values

16
Pile Concreting
• Check flow & Temperature of the concrete
• Concrete with highest flow , is poured at 1st
• A set of Tremie pipes with a funnel at top is
needed to convey the concrete to the pile
bottom
• Before start pouring of 1st truck, a stopper
plate is placed at the bottom of the funnel, to
give a higher initial impact to the silty slurry
at the pile toe
• To stop concrete from blocking, the Tremies
will be removed sequentially
• Maximum embedded depth of Tremie is 2-5m
Concrete Grade : C40
Design Flow : 550±100 mm
Target Flow at site : 550±100 mm
Cement Type : PPC INSEE Extra (25% Fly Ash)
Admixture : Hypercrete Plus M (600-1500 ml / 100kg)
Basic Properties of the used concrete
Funnel with
Stopper
Pouring of
Concrete

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• You have ordered 70m3 of concrete, and
50m3 has come at the site when bentonite
circulation is off
• Then you started pouring with 5th truck
• 5  4  3  216 7 like wise further
pouring will be proceed
• At last, Casing will be removed
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Pouring Sequence & Tremie Removal Sequence
Pouring Sequence Concept

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PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
• Use of concrete which cannot flow as expected. Then the pouring was stooped.
This was happened due to used concrete with Supercon LRPS-3000S admixture.
Then pile was abandon.
• They change the design of the pile cap
• Collapsing of Temporary Casing into
the borehole
• Then the casing brought up, it was
supported to large 2 iron plates

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CONCLUSION
• Here, I make it a chance to offer my heartiest thank to CSEC, for their supports were
given
• I could learn and practice being responsible on documentary work
• This training cause to increase my enthusiasm towards Geotechnical Engineering and I was
able to meet some expertise in the field including 3 of our faculty graduates who are
working at the field of Geotechnical Engineering with better reputations
• The things, that I shared with you, is the large picture what I have learnt during my 2nd
Industrial Training
• With these experiences I would like to make chances to learn Geotechnical engineering
further

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REFERENCE
TRI-ZEN. 2019. Apartments in Colombo | TRI-ZEN by John Keells Properties. [ONLINE] Available
at: https://www.trizen.lk/. [Accessed 10 July 2019]
The Castle. 2016. The Superlative Properties. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.superlative-
properties.com/. [Accessed 10 July 2019].

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