1. N A M E : S I T I R A I H A N A B I N T I I S M A I L
M A T R I X N O . : 0 1 D K A 1 2 F 2 0 3 8
L E C T U R E R : P N . S A R I P A H B T N O R
Cc606 – HYDROLOGY
Hydrology Cycle
2. Introduction
HYDROLOGY CYCLE:
- Called the water cycle.
- Vertical and horizontal movement of water (vapor,
liquid, or solid between the earth’s surface,
subsurface, atmosphere, and oceans).
3. Component of Hydrology cycle
•All streams
flow into the
sea, yet the
sea is never
full.
•To the place
the streams
come from,
there they
return again
4. 1) Evaporation
The process by which liquid water is transformed
into a gaseous state
Evaporation into a gas ceases when the gas reaches
saturation
Energy breaks bonds that hold molecules together
5. CONT…….
Net evaporation occurs when the rate of evaporation
exceeds the rate of condensation
Removes heat from the environment:Net Cooling
Primary mechanism for surface-to-atmosphere water
transport
6.
7. 2) Transpiration
Discharge of water vapor from the leaves
of plants into the atmosphere
‘Evapotranspiration’ = when there is
also evaporation of moisture from the
soil, together with that from the leaves of
the plants
8.
9. 3) Condensation
Gas turns into liquid state.
Cloud formation stage.
Cool temperatures are essential for condensation to
happen
(it can hold the water vapor and delay condensation,
if the temperature high)
10.
11. 4) Percipitation
The vapor that accumulates or freezes on
condensation nuclei is acted on by gravity and falls
to Earth’s surface.
(rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail)
Primary connection in the water cycle that provides
for the delivery of atmospheric water to the Earth
12.
13. 5) Run off
Water (from rain, snowmelt, or other sources)
flows over the land surface.
Runoff that occurs on surfaces before reaching a
channel is also called overland flow.
14.
15. 6) Infiltration
Process by which precipitation into subsurface soils
and moves into rocks through cracks and pore
spaces.
16.
17. The Accounting Budget
Inflow (I) – Outflow (O) = ± Change in storage (S)
or
I - O = ± ∆S
*Also called the continuity/ equation/
conservation of mass.
19. Summary
Continuous cycle where water evaporates, travels
into the air and becomes part of a cloud, falls down
to earth as precipitation, and then evaporates again.
This repeats again and again in a never-
ending cycle.
