The Concerns Of Internet Censorship Essays

The Concerns of Internet Censorship Essays
The Concerns of Internet Censorship
As a professional Internet publisher and avid user of the Internet, I have become concerned with
laws like the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA) that censor free speech on the Internet.
By approving the CDA, Congress has established a precedent which condones censorship
regulations for the Internet similar to those that exist for traditional broadcast media. Treating the
Internet like broadcast media is a grave mistake because the Internet is unlike any information
medium that has been created.
My concerns about Internet censorship prompted me to write "Internet Censorship is Absurd and
Unconstitutional." In the essay, I outline why I believe that the Internet should not be censored in
any ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though the laws that Congress are proposing to regulate the Internet are well intentioned, I strongly
believe that the Internet should not be censored because any law encroaching on the people's right to
free speech is a obvious breach of First Amendment rights and because laws limiting Internet speech
are too broad and unenforceable on this global medium.
To understand why legislators are attempting to censor the Internet despite the fact that it is absurd
and Unconstitutional, one must first understand how the Internet came to be and how it conceptually
works. According to Internet historian Dave Kristula, the first inklings of the Internet began in the
United States in 1969 as a network of four servers called the APRANET. ARPA (the Advanced
Research Projects Agency), a division of the Department of Defense, created the ARPANET for
military research so that the information on the network would be decentralized and could survive a
nuclear strike. The network continued to grow in size and speed as technology increased over the
next two decades. Standards began to set in such as the TCP/IP protocol for network transmission of
data. By 1990 the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) had been created to standardize the way in
which Internet documents are sent and received (Kristula).
By 1994, the APRANET was disbanded, and the Internet became a public network connecting more
than 3,000,000 computers together worldwide. Commercial
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Pros And Cons Of Censorship
Censorship is the prohibition of anything that can be taken offensive or considered obscene.
Censorship can be suppressed through images, videos, books, or news. Anything viewed or
considered to be indecent, such as pornography, can be considered censored. Pornography is a visual
or printed representation of explicit content or sexual features to stimulate a desire or sexual feeling
in others. In a debate between Mark R. Wicclair and Andrea Dworkin, the argument is based upon
whether porn should be censored or tolerated (Waller 26). Mark R. Wicclair, philosopher and
professor of community medicine in West Virginia University, argues that pornography is a "Private
Choice that Must be Tolerated". His view imposes a claim that we should be concerned about any
use of censorship. Instead, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
On the opposing side of Wicclair's claim, writer and activist Andrea Dworkin has claimed that
pornography is a "Public Harm that Should be Censored". Pornography, defined by Andrea
Dworkin, is a "graphic, sexually explicit subordination of women whether in pictures or in words
that also includes one or more of the following: women are presented dehumanized as sexual
objects, things, or commodities ..." (29). Dworkin's argument suggests that if pornography did not
send a vulgar message about women then she believes it should not be censored or considered
harmful. However, since the message promotes a message to "subjugate women and silence women"
(27) then it should be protected under the first amendment.
However, the first amendment is what protects the right to freedom of expression. The first
amendment

Censorship Online
This essay talks about issues regarding Censorship of the Internet.
According to the textbook, censorship is a way used by governments or religious institutions to
supervise or regulate the public access to offensive or harmful materials (Quinn 2012, p.496).
Internet censorship applies the same discipline which regulates the public access to harmful content
on internet. Nowadays, internet is a place with huge potential for growth. Statistics suggest that the
total growth of new internet users is 566.4% from December 31, 2000 to 2012 (Internet World Stats
2012) (Refer to Appendix one). In the mean time, the resources and contents on the internet are
growing rapidly at an uncontrollable rate. To some extent, there are almost no ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, there is a non–profit company called Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) which is set up
by Australian authors, visual artists, journalists, photographers and publishers to protect and control
their copyrights. Every member gives CAL a non–exclusive license with regard to their works. The
code of product for CAL is designed to make sure that the rights of all members are clearly stated,
and the process of collecting their own works is transparent and approachable. No one can copy
their materials from the internet without their permission (Copyright Agency Limited 2009, p.2).
Those websites that commit copyright infringement would be blocked. It's really hard to eliminate
the copyright problems on internet, but internet censorship can reduce or limit the possibility of
copyright infringement to some extent.
Censorship can also work when it comes to sensitive issues on the internet. Due to political
motivation, many groups or individuals provoke the internet users against the government. It's a
dangerous action that may lead to strife throughout the nation in the future. Apparently, these groups
and individuals are agitators, hoping to cause conflicts between people and government. These
illegal activities should be censored on internet. Another sensitive issue would be the terrorist and
racist organizations on internet, internet is a powerful tool for terrorist and racist, usually these
organizations

Pornography Margaret Atwood
Tropp, Sandra Fehl., and Ann Pierson. D'Angelo. "Pornography (1983)." Essays in Context. New
York: Oxford UP, 2001. 543–47. Print. Margaret Atwood begins her essay by explaining the
distinction between mild pornorgraphy, which portrays the nude form and sexual activities, and
violent pornography, which depicts extremely violent activities in a sexual manner. When discussing
pornography, people often assume Atwood is referring to mild pornography; however, even though
this pornography is considered "mild" by Atwood, the reactions and perspectives from people are
rarely mild. The passionate accusations declaring opposing sides "prudish" or "perverted" lead to the
question of what is the meaning of pornography, if there is any? Whether it

The Debate On Virtual Child Pornography
Lindsay Hall
Thinking and Doing Ethics
Professor Wisniewski
November December 8, 2015
Word count 849
Case 1(Ruggiero 173). We have the debate and Supreme Court ruling in 2002 that stated the ban on
'virtual child pornography' was unconstitutional, and in turn, The Federal Child Pornography
Prevention Act was overturned. The parties involved are the disgusting, scum of the earth who
produce this ungodly entertainment for sick minded pedophiles, the US Supreme Court who have
taken an oath to protect the innocent, and the putrid pedophiles who watch this abomination of god
and all that is evil. In addition to every child that ever was, and every child that will be sexually
abused in the future because some sick f!*k gets his/her jollies off by watching children being
tortured, and will at some point in time inflict the lifelong pain and suffering that one goes through,
because they were sexually abused. (Emphasis intentionally and harshly added) The morals are, sex
with children is immoral, an abomination to God's teachings, watching the same, even if only
graphics is still a grave sin. If you think of doing sin, it is as bad as the sin itself. Therefore,
watching a cartoon of a child being abused and having sexual gratification in that act, is as bad as
one who actually commits the act. "You heard it was said, 'Do not commit adultery,' but I say to you
that everyone who looks at a woman in order to covet her has already committed adultery with her
in his heart." (Matthew

Media Essay
In the late Seventies, America became shocked and outraged by the rape, mutilation, and murder of
over a dozen young, beautiful girls. The man who committed these murders, Ted Bundy, was later
apprehended and executed. During his detention in various penitentiaries, he was mentally probed
and prodded by psychologist and psychoanalysts hoping to discover the root of his violent actions
and sexual frustrations. Many theories arose in attempts to explain the motivational factors behind
his murderous escapades. However, the strongest and most feasible of these theories came not from
the psychologists, but from the man himself, "as a teenager, my buddies and I would all sneak
around and watch porn. As I grew ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As time has passed, this definition of pornography has grown to include any and all obscene
literature and pictures. At the present date, the term is basically a blanket which covers all types of
material such as explicit literature, photography, films, and video tapes with varying degrees of
sexual content.
For Catherine Itzin's research purposes pornogrpahy has been divided into three categories: The
sexually explicit and violent; the sexually explicit and nonviolent, but subordinating and
dehumanizing; and the sexually explicit, nonviolent, and nonsubordinating that is based upon
mutuality. The sexually explicit and violent is graphic, showing penetration and ejaculation. Also, it
shows the violent act toward a woman. The second example shows the graphic sexual act and
climax, but not a violent act. This example shows the woman being dressed is a costume or being
'talked down' to in order to reduce her to something not human; such as a body part or just
something to have sex with, a body opening or an orifice. Not only does 'erotica' show the entire
graphic sexual act, it also depicts an attraction between two people. Her research consistently shows
that harmful effects are associated with the first two, but that the third 'erotica', is harmless (22).
These three categories basically exist as

Pornography on the Internet Essay
Porn, its everywhere! Go to any major search engine and you are well on your way to viewing some
of the finest cyber porn around. No age verification, no credit card required, all it takes is just a
couple of clicks on the mouse. But wait a second, why is it so easy, was it always like this? Not
really, as we have seen, the Internet and the pornography industry have come together to make quite
an explosion that has brought many issues to the surface. It's a scary fact to realize that 83.5%
images available on the Internet are pornographical. And it is even more of a problem when the
Internet's pornography is available to curious children that happen to bump onto them. One of the
more drawing freatures of the young Internet was its ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although it is not words, the message is being conveyed through pictures. MacKinnon argues that
this speech is causing many women to be discriminated against and degraded, not just the ones in
the pictures but all women. "Words and images are how people are placed in hierarchies, how social
stratification is made to seem inevitable and right, how feelings of inferiority and superiority are
engendered, and how indifference to violence against those on the bottom is rationalized and
normalized" (MacKinnon 31). Men view images of women performing degrading acts in order to
gain pleasure. They will then act on these sexual desires with their partners. In other words, men
begin to look at women purely as sex objects and less like people. This will cause more instances of
rape and harassment in our society which, without a doubt, is not going to bring us closer to
equality. I don't think this is new news to many folks, but I think now with the Internet more people
becoming alarmed because pornographic material is becoming so widespread. 10 years ago
pornographic material was confined to the walls and magazine racks in adult stores. If you looked
young, the clerk would check your I.D to make sure you were over the age of 18. If they failed to do
this then the business would be held accountable and took the risk of being forced to shut its doors
to the public.

Risky Pleasures: Club Cultures And Feminine Identities
"Risky Pleasures: Club Cultures and Feminine Identities" identifies the lack of literature available
on women and their experiences of clubbing. The author's aim is to explore women's stories, as well
as to challenge stereotypes of femininity, and explore new discourses of and changing ways in
which women express their femininity. A key focus in the book is that (sub)cultures are formed and
developed in very different ways in a society that is fragmenting and changing. This has
implications for how issues such as drug use, sexuality and risk taking are explored and analyzed.
Overall, the main arguments presented in the book are discussed further to present new questions
about the nature of femininities, sexualities, risk and pleasure for drug–using ... Show more content
Primarily, Rortian irony backs the author's claims that the possibilities of porn are a worthwhile area
for continuing discussions between anitporn and sex–radical feminists. This article stresses the
importance of how pornography must be a part of a larger dialogue about sex, sexual health, and the
construction of identity. Furthermore, everyone must discern whether porn can be, or should be, a
part of her belief structures and her identity. For feminists, this must include persistent examinations
of all facets of social discourse that impact female sexual and gender formations. "Moreover,
Pornography can neither be ousted from nor adopted wholly into all feminist discourse (Fallas,
104)." These actions would ensure that these feminist conversations remain stagnant and thereby
future activisms and advocates become nullified before they begin. Fallas mentions that to make
progress and ensure stability for all women in society, it's necessary for feminists on all sides of this
argument to come to an acceptance of each other's terms. For women to be perceived as full and
equal partners in society, they must be "privy" to the same rights (including erotic, sexual,
pleasurable) as men. Through an ironist point of view, these individual truths can be incorporated
into feminist dialects and the definitions for

Pornographic Controversy
Pornography is the depiction of sexual behavior that is from explicit material (books, films,
photographs, etc.) that intends to cause sexual excitement. This definition of pornography that we
know of was not the same meaning for centuries. In The Secret Museum, Walter Kendrick evaluate
the idea of pornography and how it has emerged into the modern definition of pornography. The
concept of pornography first emerged in European between 1755 and 1857 at a museum. This
created controversy that was caused by the discovery of the Pompeii erotic artifacts that depict
sexual bodily practices. Pornography have changed the public attitudes toward it since then.
Archaeology has discovered the erotic artifacts that revealed sculptures and ... Show more content
The word pornography was derived from Greek root; writing the life of prostitutes. However, the
first time when the term pornography appear was in an English medical dictionary in 1957, which
they defined as "licentious paintings employed to decorate the walls of rooms sacred to
bacchanalian orgies, examples of which exist in Pompeii" (Kendrick, 13). The definition of
pornography has been redefined multiple times since then. In attempt to combine the old definition
with the modern definition, the OED created two divergent lines "Description of the life, manners,
etc., of prostitutes and their patron; hence, the expression or suggestion of obscene or unchaste
subjects in literature or art" (Kendrick, 17). Ongoing debate perpetuates itself as our culture keep
interpreted and refining the definition and hiding the images away, which causes the paradox of
pornography to publicize itself further. In the documentary, The Secret History of Civilization, states
that "these images of sex are frame in an alien culture and think that is okay. But as soon as we turn
to our own culture and start to examine our attitudes toward sexual representation. It is the same
power the Victorian gave to sex". This eventually affects the people and made them believe that the
image of sex have power over them for good or for bad the more discussion they have of it. Lastly,
Kendrick has been

The Pros And Cons Of Pornography Addiction
There are cultural norms which indicate the how, when, what, and why's of responding to any sexual
behavior. While some individuals may come across as being more sexualized than others, their
behavior often fits within cultural norms. Issues arise when behaviors become culturally abnormal.
Sex addiction and its subtypes, which would include pornography addiction, have not yet found
their way into the DSM; while it was considered for inclusion in the DSM–5, it was reported that
there was not enough evidence that sex addictions fit the characteristics needed for the approval
(Bridges & Morokoff, 2011; Levine, 2010; Weir, 2014). For the purposes of this paper, we will
address those whose pornography habits are outside of the cultural norms, as having a pornography
addiction. This would be any type of excessive use, which fits within the definition of a sex
addiction.
As a cultural guide, the results from a study conducted by the Kinney Institute in 2002, using the
most common answers from the individual categories, can be used as a guideline of normal cultural
pornography use. The Kinney Institute (2002) found that 27% of people viewed pornographic
material several times a week and 37% of people spent 1–5 hours per week viewing porn. It would
then be assumed that usage above these numbers would start to fall within the abnormal ranges.
Using these statistics, along with definitions of sexually deviant behavior can help determine what
pornography addiction entails.
Levine (2010) defines an addict and their behaviors when "they are sometimes expensive in
economic, psychologic, and social terms. They may persist despite negative consequences. The
patient may not be able to stop the behavior when he or she states that goal." The introduction of the
internet has opened a whole new world to many sex addicts. In the online world, a person can find
easy access to pornography including specific types that are tailored to individual interests (Levine,
2010; Weir, 2014). Studies have shown that pornography is viewed often. Weir (2014) cites several
studies showing that more than 50% of all men and more than 30% of women view it on a regular
basis. The debate is whether or not pornography causes harm to those who view it.

J.M Coetzee's "The Harms of Pornography"
J.M Coetzee's "The Harms of Pornography"
As the debate over pornography and its place in society grows hotter every day, several authors in
particular shed a new light on the subject. Both their intuition and insight involving their beliefs can
help the reader a great deal in seeing aspects of this debate that might have otherwise gone without
the consideration that they so deserve. I believe that pornography is not only okay, but is allowing
our country to take a step back and ask ourselves how far we are willing to go and what we are
willing to sacrifice in order to preserve free speech and our rights to personal choice. The argument
over pornography is not merely the debate over right or wrong, but also involves the theory ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Coetzee goes to great lengths to bring to light indescrepancies and unclarified ideas throughout
MacKinnon's article. One of Coetzee's most prominent points is that the differences between
"obscenity" and "pornography" go far beyond a difference in term based on either political or moral
argument.
While at times Coetzee seems to generally disagree with or at least greatly challenge MacKinnon's
ideas, there are times at which the two authors trains of thought almost seem to coincide. One such
issue would be that MacKinnon is not necessarily looking to hunt out all occurrences of
pornography in today's literature and media, but to snuff out the commercial end of it. The end that
makes billions based on women being "used" by men, and does nothing at all to improve their social
standing in our society. But why must everything be used to bolster the social position of women? It
is this topic specifically that seems to have gone un–argued by Coetzee. Coetzee's stand on this issue
of pornography and obscenity as a part of today's culture is never quite addressed may very well
remain a mystery to the reader. From many of the author's statements and criticism's of MacKinnon,
one could gather that he takes a much more liberal stand and yet somehow successfully avoids
pressing his opinions. He also does a wonderful

Essay on The Government Should NOT Censor Pornography
Pornography is an issue that has and will continue to cause much debate. While there are many
people who see pornography as degrading, sinful, and disgusting, there is also a large number of
people who see it as a turn on, a form of sexual expression, and entertainment. Webster's Dictionary
defined pornography as merely "the depiction of erotic behavior (as in pictures or writing) intended
to cause sexual excitement." Yet there is still the everlasting question which is "does pornography
serve a real purpose, and if so what purpose it that?" continues. I happen to acknowledge
pornography with only a few minor glitches. I don't believe in censoring pornography, yet analyzing
pornography that is already censored. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The message this is sending out is that women enjoy having sex with a man until the man is
finished, and then there is no need to continue till the woman is also sexually indebted. The issue of
censorship and pornography is split into two parts. There are the people fighting to censor
pornography by banning it, and we have people that argue that by banning pornography, the
consequences would proceed to be an infringement on their rights to free speech and equality. What
I believe is that both of these issues are brought about in the wrong way. The group that is arguing to
ban pornography all together is using their freedom of speech to ban someone else's. I find it
hypocritical and unjust. At the same time, however, the "pro–pornography" group is also being
duplicitous in the sense that they are claiming to fight against censorship, when they themselves are
defending something that is already censored. From a woman's perspective, there is a significant
amount of dispute surrounding the porn industry. "The anti–pornography feminists were interested
in making the streets safe for women by means of punitive and far reaching legislation against
pornography" (Schwartz & Rutter p.181). In other words, these women felt that pornography reveals
negative signals, and makes it easier for a man to take advantage and control women sexually. To
the conservative woman, pornography is seen as painful and a

Hustler Magazine, Inc. V. Frequency
In our contemporary society, pornography verses propriety has been a topic of debate for decades.
Fortunately, child pornography is consistently labeled as obscene and possession of this type of
pornography is criminal. The Communications Decency Act (CDA) was signed into law in 1996 by
then President Bill Clinton (Schmalleger, 2008, p. 235). A portion of this law criminalized the
knowledge that obscene or indecent messages were being transmitted to recipients under 18
(Schmalleger, 2008, p. 235). However, the ACLU had to get involved challenging the law stating
that one person's perception of indecent may not be that of another's; in other words, this would
violate the First Amendment Rights of those without a moral compass. In 1997 ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fine art exemplifies the beauty of God's creation, whereas porn focuses strictly on lust and comes
from a place of darkness. The sexualization and objectification of women in the media teach girls
that as women, life is vanity; all they have to offer is their body and a pretty face, so all efforts
should focus on achieving and maintaining superficial beauty. God is the Supreme Psychologist and
His words provide the wisdom needed to avert and counteract the influence of the
media/pornography. "Counseling needs Christian DNA if it is to call people out of the death spiral of
self–preoccupation" (Powlison, 2012, p. 19). For centuries, Spiritual and Religious leaders have
conceded that our vessel [body] can be codified by the actions of language, words, and thought
forms; "Scientific evidence now supports this and has proven that our DNA can be reprogrammed
by words and frequencies" (Fosar & Bludorf, 2001, p. 50). Sexualization can be averted and
counteracted by receiving the right messages through the power of sound and what better sound than
that of the Lord (John 1:1, 10:27). God has given us His DNA, transferring His divine power, which
gives us the privilege of participating in His divine

People V. Larry Flynt Essay examples
The movie of focus, 'People vs. Larry Flynt', is a film by Milos Forman which stars Woody
Harrelson as Flynt. Larry Flynt is the president and publisher of Hustler magazine. Hustler is sort of
the Mad magazine of written pornography which was started in the early 1970's. The interest for me
was seeing how this movie depicts the sexual exploitation of women in the sex industry with a
specific look at how the material devalues women.
The movie starts out in 1952 with a young Larry Flynt along with his younger brother peddling
moonshine somewhere in Kentucky. Twenty years later they own a strip club in Cincinnati, Ohio
called Hustler. Larry says, "If we could let people know what great lays these girls are, we'd have
something." His ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, they don't agree as a whole; the groups are split in half. Some feminists believe that
pornography doesn't degrade women; it empowers them and censorship of things like pornography
would only bring further discrimination. On the other hand, we have those right winged feminist
who sincerely believe that degradation of women in pornography leads to criminal acts such as rape.
They only reach a consensus in regards to strengthening their 1st Amendment Right by protesting
against pornography or supporting it.
Unsure of my opinion on the correlation of pornography and rape, I considered two articles: (1)
Egalitarian, sexist, and aggressive sexual materials: attitude effects and viewer responses; and (2)
Men's enjoyment of explicit erotica: effects of person–specific attitudes and gender–specific norms.
In the first article, research on sexual attitudes was conducted among a sample of college students in
Syracuse University. "Hypothesis one was that both sexist and sexually aggressive scenes would
increase acceptance of sexist attitudes; Hypthothesis two was that only sexually aggressive scenes
would increase acceptance of rape myths and sexual coercion" (Bauserman, 1988). Study one was
conducted to identify the ways in which the sample described what sexism and sexual aggression
meant to the sample. The second study examined change in attitude. Hypothesis one was weakly
supported. Hypothesis two was totally rejected. This

Relationship Between Pornography And Rape
The connection between pornography and rape has always been a contentious one. Some feminists
like Catharine Mackinnon have long argued that pornography directly leads to the rape; that
pornography by its very nature is an expression of and endorsement of sexual violence that
effectively deprives women of their rights. Others such as Wendy McElroy and J.S. Mill have
argued just as forcefully that the importance of free speech takes precedence in any debate about this
issue and even, in McElroy's case, that pornography is actually socially beneficial in a number of
ways. The authors of the scientific study excerpted in the case study "Pornography and Rape" seek
to evaluate this supposed link in an empirical manner, and the findings of their study lead them to
the conclusion that the evidence "would seem sufficient to discard the hypothesis that pornography
causes rape."
I am of the opinion that this study does not prove conclusively that pornography does not lead to
rape. It is obvious that watching pornography does not directly lead people to commit rape, as was
confirmed in the Attorney General Meese's report in 1986; however this does not necessarily mean
that there is no correlation between the two, especially across a large population over a period of
time. The study notes that in the four countries studied, though there was a general increase in the
crime rate overall, there was not a greater increase in sexual violence as compared to other types of
crime, despite the

The Supreme Court Standard of Obscenity Evolution since 1950
There has been a lot of debate on the legal understandings of term obscene and its usage.
Constitutionally, the term is used to define certain behaviors or expressions in motion pictures, art or
literature. The law tries to look at the effects that obscenity would have on the morals of the people
or on the minds of those that see the material. It also considered the effect some publications would
have on the hands that they might fall in. There has been an evolution of the whole idea over the
years since the inception and the legalities behind it. The issue of obscenity was mostly associated
with movies and visual productions that produced materials that were accessible to the public. The
United States Supreme Court was at the forefront ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A case by Roth tried to challenge the idea regarding the nature of obscenity whether it was a
variable or a constant matter. Obscenity in any case took many dimensions when it came to matters
relating to the material and the contented they contained. Roth challenged the Supreme Court that
obscenity was not constitutional and there it needed to be given a different approach. He argued that
this term did not have a specific meaning and it could take any shape based on circumstances.
Pornographic material was another matter that was quite a debate in this case. Such a material
became a debate as some argued that it may have an impact depending on the type of people it
reached. Such a material was supposed to draw a distinction to show the varying nature of
ideological or hardcore pornography. In this case there was a need for observing the moral values
and doing things that are right and desirable to people in the community. Pornography was an
obscenity that was more of an offensive idea to the moral standards of the community. Kingsley also
was of the idea that adultery was desirable and right to specific people in some circumstances. The
Supreme Court, however argued that this was not an obscene case, but rather it fell under the
protected area of the constitution. In such a case this idea was a matter of ideological obscenity
which the court need to stand clear about since it laid an imminent danger in the type of substance it

Effects Of Modern Technology On Society
How does Modern Technology affect the way we think/act? Within this essay I plan to discuss and
debate my and other's opinions on the matter of technology and not only how it effects the way we
think/act, but whether those effects are positive or negatively impactful. Of course, modern
technology has only developed within the last 30 years; with the information age of technology
arriving in the 1980's. So, it hasn't at all been prevalent in our society for very long at all; not by
comparison to other innovative movements such as industrialism. Despite this, I believe modern
technology has dramatically affected our thoughts and behaviours as human beings. Gaming is a
revolutionary, and large part of modern technology; one that has indisputably changed people,
especially in regard to socialisation and problem solving. The common first thought towards gaming
is that it has turned many into jobless, socially unequipped recluses. Or even perhaps a violent, and
un–empathic person. This of course is a stereotypical architype; though all clichés do have some
root of truth. It has been made apparent that men who engage in violent first–person shooter style
games are far more likely to feel a lack of empathy towards women, according to an American
study. Grand theft Auto, a game in which women are made to be viewed as sexual objects was used
in a study containing a large group of teenage boys. This reported significantly lower levels of
empathy and sympathy towards an image of a

The Effects Of Pornography On The United States And Canada...
Pornogrophy is currently as legal in the United States and Canada as alcohol and tylenol, but should
it be? Firstly, we must define what pornogrophy constitutes, as it can be seen as anything from a
raunchy adult comedy to Penthouse Magazine. It seems as though many definitions of porogrophy
use terms like that of "explicit" sex, but that is only a surface–level conclusion. Within Sociology,
pornogrophy is defined, typically, in three ways: Functional, Genre, and Labelling. Functional
definitions of pornogrophy put forward that pornogrophy is anything used for the intentional
purpose of sexual arousal (Goode, 1997). However, this is noted as a broad statement, as even the
likes of romantic novels could be concidered as pornogrophy if an individual uses it to become
aroused. Genre definitions suggest that pornography is described as a product created for the
purpose of sexual arousal. However, this also causes issues in definition, as products like that of the
Sports Illustrated swimsuit issue may be seen as intentional sexual arousal and also simple
photography. Labelling definitions suggest that pornography is anything that a community deem as
obscene (Goode, 1997). This view is the most commonly supported view in law, as even the
Canadian Criminal Code defines what is considered obscenity under Section 163. Again, however,
we have to question this view because it only takes into account what individuals tolerate other
individuals seeing and not what they themselves

Censorship Issues In China
China is a complex and fascinating country with numerous controversial health and social policies.
Recently China's Communist Party leadership ended its highly disputed one–child policy due to
concerns of an aging population that could jeopardize China's economic boom and severe
imbalances in many aspects in the Chinese society. Being born in China at the peak of the one–child
policy's implementation, I was a product of this historically rare and problematic rule myself. I have
lived my entire life experiencing and witnessing firsthand both positive and negative consequences
that followed, and have a profound comprehension on how a single health strategy could shape up
an entire generation and catalyze public health issues.
Censorship issue ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the relevance of pornography has emerged in my multi–faceted and multi–disciplinary
education, whether in criminology or community health, forensics or foreign policy, deviance or
domestic violence. As an experienced researcher and avid scholar, I dare say that pornography use
as a growing public health problem should be explored with a nuanced and thorough academic
approach that I could provide, in spite of it being a contentious issue with some pre–existing bias.
Luckily, after attending the October Open House, I recognized the interdisciplinary support that I
could receive from (Name of University)'s (Name of the PhD) program. (Name of University)'s
uniquely integrative but much need (Name of the PhD) program and my uniquely extensive
credentials should be a perfect match. My goal is to utilize the intellectual richness and diversity of
(Name of University) to conduct an epidemiological health behavior research that could enhance the
existing perceptions of people. If I am privileged enough to be part of (Name of University)'s 2016
PhD cohort, you are guaranteed a team player with a truly extraordinary perspective: highly
motivated and immensely passionate about the subject, strong interdisciplinary education
background, outstanding research experiences, equipped with the all the right tools after years of
training and practicing,

Internet Censorship Of China, South Africa And Other...
Internet censorship in China, South Africa and other countries is something that prohibits real
discussion from taking place regarding issues that affect the public. For instance, in China, certain
key word searches are automatically filtered out so that users cannot find the information they are
seeking. While Internet censorship may be good from one perspective (in terms of stemming the
flow of child pornography, curbing false information, or putting a nation's interests first), it can be
viewed as bad from another perspective (in terms of cutting down on the opportunity to inform sides
of a dialogue, promoting free exchange of ideas, or discussing why one form of pornography is
allowed but not another). This paper will show why Internet censorship can be interpreted in both
positive and negative ways depending on the perspective that one adopts (whether one is pro–Statist
or anti–Statist). In short, pros and cons depend wholly upon one's worldview and outlook. The first
pro may be, as Lorentzen (2014) notes, that "a partial censorship strategy" is an effective way for
governments to control the levels of discontent in their respective countries (p. 405). Lorentzen
(2014) observes that this is a model that could be applied in China as it attempts to control its
Internet content, though he argues that all nations could utilize it, "permitting half of the discontent
to be reported when discontent is high and all of the discontent to be reported when discontent is

Arguments Against Censorship
Censorship has became a controversial topic during recent years due to people's perception of
concepts such as sex, violence, and hate speech. Many people and governments want things such as
those to be erased from media and art to prevent them within our society. Others however, feel that
children and others should be exposed to aspects such as these and that restricting the use of them in
the arts would be a violation of their 1st amendment. Both sides have strong, deeply rooted views
based in law, morals, or religious belief. Both sides also, however, have points that seem slightly
extreme. For years the government and people of the United States and many other countries have
worked to "shield" our population from violence, sexuality, and ... Show more content on
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Where pro–censorship supports would claim that movie and television violence sparks violent
thoughts in those who watch it, anti–censorship supports would claim otherwise. One of the most
backed up arguments presented by anti–censorship supporters is the restriction of artists creative
control and freedom. Songwriters and filmmakers have been berated and shunned for their works of
art due to its subject matter. A prime example would be the famous director Quentin Tarantino.
Tarantino's films have covered many controversial topics such as racism and misogyny, however,
even though these are films the subject matter is thrown back onto the creator. "We both realised
we'd cooled on his shtick considerably, for two main reasons: his obsession with the N–word, and
his obsession with sexualised violence." (The Age). Tarantino has been targeted for censorship due
to the subject matter and because of this his creative control and artistic freedom have been violated.
While on the topic of film, the PCA "Production Code Administration", has sought to make
restrictions on the number of deaths allowed within films and the manner of said deaths
(Greenhaven Press). However, film and music isn't the only concern in the eyes of those who oppose
censorship. Another large concern is the fact that if everything is censored youth will be ignorant to
anything perceived as negative. A large concern is that children will grow up without exposure to
any sort of knowledge about sex, and therefore be uneducated in their later life when the time
actually comes (Heins). Artists freedom and exposure to sex all have deeply rooted bases when it
comes to arguments, but one of the strongest arguments is one of the most simple. People live
difficult lives with difficult aspects and these would–be–censored ideas are something that they can
relate to (Hopkins). People can easily relate

Porn and Censorship
Pornography and Censorship
Should the government be allowed to legitimately prohibit citizens from publishing or viewing
pornography, or would this be an unjustified violation of basic freedoms?
Traditionally, liberals defended the freedom of consenting adults to publish and consume
pornography in private from moral and religious conservatives who wanted pornography banned for
its obscenity, its corrupting impact on consumers and its corrosive effect on traditional family and
religious values. But, in more recent times, the pornography debate has taken on a somewhat new
and surprising shape. Some feminists have found themselves allied with their traditional
conservative foes in calling on the state to regulate or prohibit ... Show more content on
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Other sexually explicit representations depict acts of violent coercion: people being bound, whipped,
beaten, tortured, penetrated by objects, mutilated, raped and even killed. Some sexually explicit
material may be degrading, without necessarily being overtly violent. This material depicts people
(most often women) in positions of servility and subordination in their sexual relations with others,
or engaged in sexual acts that many people would regard as humiliating. Some sexually explicit
material involves or depicts children. Some portrays bestiality and necrophilia; and so on.
On the first definition of pornography as sexually explicit material, all such material would count as
pornography, insofar as it is sexually explicit. But this simple definition is not quite right. Anatomy
textbooks for medical students are sexually explicit–they depict exposed genitalia, for example–but
are rarely, if ever, viewed as pornography. Sexual explicitness may be a necessary condition for
material to count as pornographic, but it does not seem to be sufficient. So something needs to be
added to the simple definition. What else might be required?
Here is a second definition. Pornography is sexually explicit material (verbal or pictorial) that is
primarily designed to produce sexual arousal in viewers. This definition is better: it deals with the
problem of anatomy textbooks and the like. Indeed, this

Essay on The Pornography Debate
The Pornography Debate
Pornography has been the topic of discussion in the court systems for years. Many would like to see
legislation against it and software to filter it. The problem is it's not that easy and making laws
against it would pose a problem against the first amendment. There have many issues brought up on
the grounds that it is demoralizing to women and is filth for the eyes of children. But, is
pornography really that harmful?
There are many reasons why the government is having trouble putting restrictions on pornography.
As Cynthia Stark states in Social Theory and Practice," just because some find certain materials
offensive is not a sufficient reason for restricting those materials." There has to be proper grounds ...
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We also need to determine was is appropriate for children and why is it so "dirty" for the viewing of
children that we need to use software to block it. The internet is free to roam by anyone and it's not
hard to stumble across websites that use "mask" web addresses to lure people into them. So how can
we block these websites that are explicit for our kids to view? These pornographic sites are free to
show whatever they want due to the free speech clause, so isn't the CIPA going against that? Another
act that is in progress right now that the House of Representatives have recently reinstated is an act
that outlaws virtual child pornography. This act would ban any computer images that were real child
pornography and not digitally created images. The problem with this act as Texas Republican Lamar
Smith says is that prosecutors would find it impossible to prove if the digital picture or movie was
an actual photograph or a digitally made image on a scanner or computer. There is no way to tell and
so the court system is just adding more problems to their list because it is such a touchy subject
when regarding the Constitution.
On the other hand, a lot of people think pornography is demoralizing to women, is "filth" and should
be restricted from public display. There have been instances were women are sexually assaulted,
beaten, abused and harassed on camera. There are also records of children that have been raped and

Internet Censorship Essay
All I wanted to do was shop for new shoes online, but instead I was staring at a webpage packed
with lewd photographs. I was only 14. I certainly was not looking to be directed to such a vulgar
website; however, much to my dismay, I had simply mistyped the URL to a popular sporting goods
store and found myself face–to–face with something I was much too young to see. Unfortunately,
this happens all too often. A staggering amount of young children are accessing pornographic
material online, whether they want to or not. In this day in age where just about everything is
regulated in one fashion or another, many are calling for the censorship of Internet pornography.
While some say it is a necessity when it comes to the industry, others ... Show more content on
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This is the foundation of the conservative debate in favor of censorship. Many believe that it is
government's role to protect us from harm (West). As long as the government is protecting the well
being of society, censorship of Internet pornography appears to be a legitimate means to an end. It
would seem to many that this is a solid foundation for their argument. So, following this lead, the
Communications Decency Act of 1996 was imposed, a law "making it a crime to display 'indecent'
material on–line" (Net Mania). This law would essentially put measures in place to protect
individuals from unwanted pornographic encounters online. Problem solved, right? Wrong.
Just a short time later this very law was overturned, and to that I say thank goodness. My stance on
censorship of the Internet may surprise some, considering my all too graphic teenage experience
with the Internet. However, I am a firm believer in the First Amendment. The Communications
Decency Act of 1996 was an honest attempt at a solution. Unfortunately, it was also unlawful.
Which, therein, lays the basis for the liberal argument against censorship. Trying to censor Internet
pornography would be a clear violation of our rights under the First Amendment, namely, freedom
of speech. Not only that, but I see very little need for government intervention at all. "Legal
moralism" is a nice concept, don't

Limiting Children's Access to Internet Pornography
Pornography is one of mankind's most revered, respected, and repulsed pastimes. Adults can use
pornography to relieve stress, enhance their sex lives, or simply as a means of entertainment. One of
the easiest and most popular ways of obtaining pornographic material is over the Internet. The only
downside is that the Internet is accessible to children; therefore, pornography is accessible to
children. While adults should have limitless access to Internet porn, minors should be kept away
from this concubine.
Usage of Internet pornography grows rapidly every day. It can be accessed easily enough by anyone
that wishes to see the material, has a modem, and some times a wishful intent. The material ranges
from semi–nude photos to videos ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Internet has experienced an extraordinary growth. The number of host computers—those that
store information and relay communications—increased from about 300 in 1981 to approximately
9,400,000 by the time of the trial in 1996. Roughly 60% of these hosts are located in the United
States. About 40 million people used the Internet at the time of trial, a number that expected to
mushroom to 200 million by 2000. How can it be possible to regulate all Internet transmissions with
user numbers at 200 million?
Another problem that arises is the fact that not all Internet sites can quantifiably prove that the user
wishing to browse their domain is of legal age. An annoy–mailer can be used to hide the identity of
the user. Some sites require the use of a credit card in order to view its contents, but credit card
numbers are easy to obtain. This limitation of proof is being minutely controlled by a number of
sites dedicated to helping parents censor what their children see. This might possibly be the first step
in what will protect the American children from viewing obscene material. One such site,
Mcgruff.com, gives Internet safety tips for parents. It explains to tell children about the Internet, and
how to let parents know if there are any materials or persons online that makes a child feel
uncomfortable. In addition, never meet with anyone face to face from which they have met

The Anti-Pornography Feminist Movement Essay
"I don't need statistics to tell me that there is a relationship between pornography and real violence.
My body remembers." This chilling testimony from a female rape victim to a grand jury in 1983
represents the evils that pornography represents in the
United States. There are strong correlations between sex crimes and pornography that have divided
feminists over whether free speech is worth the sheer magnitude of sex–crime victims. Free speech
is protected by the First Amendment and most people have differing views on its meaning. One
thing that cannot be ignored is the fact that
90% of sexual offenders have used pornography "frequently." I believe that the anti–pornography
movement is not only just, but essential. I ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Out of these theories, writers like Andrea Dworkin, Catherine MacKinnon and
Dr. Diana Russell founded and encouraged many anti–porn groups around the country.
Though movements against pornography had existed prior to feminist anti–pornography groups,
they were previously conservative or moral majority inspired. Then came groups such as the Anti–
Porn Feminists (APFEM) and the Women Against Violence in
Pornography in the Media (WAVPM). These groups had limited following because of the feminist
ideology of freedom of speech and expression. Due to this lack of agreement on terms and
standards, the supporters have never been centralized.
Supporters may be varied and polarized but most believe that there is a real problem and there must
be suitable action. The reason that this movement exists are due to findings of surveys and studies as
well as testimony of women who have suffered from pornography at one time or another.
The studies are varied and numerous. To provide examples of these surveys I would like to illustrate
the findings of several of them. The first finding comes from a 1983 study by Edward Donnerstein.
He polled male high–school and college students on 37 states and came to the following conclusion.
25% to 30% of male students who admit that there is some likelihood that they would rape a woman
if the could be assured of getting away with it, increases to 57% after exposure to sexually violent
images depicting women enjoying

The Effects Of Internet Pornography On College Students
Internet pornography is an easily accessible and highly affordable form of entertainment for anyone
and especially the average college student. It is, arguably, a very simple and entertaining way to pass
the time between exams, essays, and classes. However, pornography can pose a threat to college
students because they do not realize the very powerful underlying danger that is present every time
they click "Yes, I am over 18 years of age." Much debate exists over whether or not Internet
pornography is a real threat to college students. Internet pornography is said to provide "the
materials for identity formation for marginalized sexual communities such as gay men and lesbians,
challenging restrictive gender roles, or therapeutic benefits such as overcoming shame about sex"
(McKee 2007). Still, there has yet to surface enough evidence proving any substantial positive
effects of pornography on the viewer. What most college students do not realize about Internet
pornography is that it acts similarly to certain illegal drugs. The article "Porn is like a drug," cites
the similarities between porn and drug use saying,
As the addiction deepens, users not only become more impulsive, making it more likely that they'll
give into their cravings, but also whenever they encounter a stressful situation, they're more likely to
feel like they don't have any way to deal with the stress other than by turning to porn's temporary
distraction. And the more they turn back to their habit, the

The Perspective Of Women Against Pornography
The controversy and perspective of women against pornography is one of the most beetling debates
waged between modern–day feminists amongst themselves as well as between other opinionated
individuals. As defined in this essay, pornography is any printed or visual material containing the
explicit description or display of sexual organs or activity, intended to arouse erotic, sexual rather
than aesthetic or emotional feelings. The growing feminist population hosts many apprehensions as
well as positive outlooks concerning the pornography industry and its portrayal of women, thus
causing it to be a highly debated affair amongst those that share contrasting opinions on the matter.
With the increasing interest on the matter, more feminists develop reasoning as to why they either
support or oppose pornography. A copious number of those that oppose pornography believe it
regresses the movement of feminist in its entirety.
The pro–pornography supporters back the idea that pornography is beneficial and enforces the
empowerment and development of the feminist movement. The anti–pornography feminist
perspective of the deliberation is veritably legitimate, and the feminist movement is marred by
pornography because it leads to violence against women, porn is violence due to women who pose
for it being so traumatized by patriarchy that they cannot give real consent, and is disparaging to
women, leading it to contravene women's civil equality. The high exposure to pornography that men

Limiting Children's Access To Internet Pornography Essay
Pornography is one of mankind's most revered, respected, and repulsed pastimes. Adults can use
pornography to relieve stress, enhance their sex lives, or simply as a means of entertainment. One of
the easiest and most popular ways of obtaining pornographic material is over the Internet. The only
downside is that the Internet is accessible to children; therefore, pornography is accessible to
children. While adults should have limitless access to Internet porn, minors should be kept away
from this concubine. Usage of Internet pornography grows rapidly every day. It can be accessed
easily enough by anyone that wishes to see the material, has a modem, and some times a wishful
intent. The material ranges from semi–nude photos to videos ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Their biggest reason is the endangerment of American children that use the Internet. Children can be
endangered in many ways, one of which is being lured by a pedophile and possibly sexually
assaulted. A pedophile is an adult with a psychosexual disorder where children stimulate sexual
arousal. There is evidence that children who have been sexually victimized are more likely to be
troubled adults. Advocates worry about the safety of the American children and wish to eliminate
this from happening. A recent example is People v. Barrows, 174 Misc. 2d 367, 664 N.Y.S. 2d 410
(1997): an adult, James Barrows, entered an AOL chat room and seduced what he thought was a
thirteen year old girl, who in actuality was an officer of Kings County District Attorney. Barrows
had transmitted pictures of under–aged children having sex, engaged in sexually explicit
conversations and attempted to lure the child to engage in sexual acts. Barrows was one of the few
pedophiles to be caught and brought to justice.
One proposal that was struck down from protecting children is the Communications Decency Act
(CDA). Janet Reno, Attorney General of the United States, argued that the CDA was in violation of
the U.S. Constitution and laws that would be enacted were clear and undefined. If made into law, the
CDA could severely censor the Internet in ways that were never attempted before. It would filter out
anything that is deemed obscene and

Argumentative Essay On Pornography
ntroduction Throughout the long history of pornography there has been an ongoing debate as to
whether pornography is something that should be accepted in society or condemned as immoral. The
way pornography is often viewed by individuals is either from an anti or pro–porn perspective. This
essay will discuss why pornography is seen in such a black and white manner and also aims to
present reasons why it should not be. It will discuss how the 'grey' areas around the porn industry,
freedom of speech and consumerism in today's society have together made the way porn is viewed
and created, and how this has affected certain parts of society. Five topics surrounding
pornography– 'pornification', production and consumption, discourses of ... Show more content on
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Another explanation is that they are someone who does not see the worth in paying for pornography
when there is plenty to be found for free. The main reasons for paying for pornography online would
be to access something specific or to purposefully support a pornstar or producer. This poses the
question, would more people be prepared to pay if free porn was harder to access? Even so, with the
porn industry missing out on paying consumers due to the availability of free porn online, it has still
managed to keep afloat, though how well it has is unknown. The actual size of the industry is still
largely disputed, mainly because statisticians can not agree as to what products should constitute as
porn (Slade 1093), though a 1995 Times article "liberally categorised 83.5 percent of all
photographs online as pornographic" (Paasonen 166). In many reports written on pornography there
is a different definition of pornography and erotica. Diana Russell sums it up as "feminists of the
anti–pornography–equals–censorship school deliberately obfuscate any distinction between erotica
and pornography, using the term erotica for all sexually explicit materials. In contrast, anti–
pornography feminists consider it vitally important to distinguish between pornography and erotica"
(2). She then goes on to give her definitions of pornography, which includes "abuse or degradation
that appears to endorse, condone, or encourage such behaviour" and erotica,

Feminism and Porn Essay
The idea that pornography gives feminists of differing opinions this middle ground that they can
meet on and see how to articulate the different desires of feminism and what they want to turn it into
is one of the main reasons Catherine Lumby argues that feminists need pornography (par 60). As
Lumby writes in "Why Feminists Need Porn," chapter five of her book Bad Girls, "the notion that
you can draw a cause and effect line between fantasy and social practice is disturbing and distasteful
to some feminists," (par 60). Feminists, by questioning that line, can find the need reevaluate their
political position and how they relate the issues of feminism to other ideas and movements. The
realization that feminists should constantly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Certain parts of her article can be seen as support for either side of the issue, but in the overall effect
of the work Purcell is just trying to show the faults of both arguments and how they could each
become stronger, and how we could "engage in this research [and argument] in more sensitive and
responsive ways." (par 5) One issue that feminists should bring to the open and question is the
definition of pornography. Often times anti–porn feminists argue that we can tell what is and isn't
porn easily. Yet the definition these feminists use to decide what counts as porn and whether it
should be censored from the public applies to many things as Lumby points out in paragraphs nine
and twelve. She draws up the movie Siren as an example of how Elle Macpherson's nudity in the
movie was widely accepted and went uncontested, but then Lumby points out how Macpherson's
shoot for Playboy was more modest than some of the shots in the film yet the photo shoot receives
more flack because it's categorized as porn (par 9). Lumby uses the shoot and film to frame the way
anti–porn feminists believe that porn should be easy to spot. She brings up the point for her audience
to show them the logic of anti–porn feminists and how that logic doesn't make the strongest
argument when the audience questions it. The fact that Lumby can make her audience suspicious of
the strength of anti–porn arguments makes the

Feminism and Pornography: Differing Views
The pornography debate has been an issue within the feminist movement that has been pushed to the
periphery in recent times. It is not as widely seen on the main stage of the feminist agenda and this
may be because of a division in feminist thought with regards to pornography. Generally speaking,
there are "pro–sex" feminists who believe that women have the right to do what they wish with their
bodies and there are "pro–censorship" feminists who believe pornography is inherently degrading
and violent towards women. In this paper I am going to discuss the views and opinions held by each
faction of the pornography debate and I will discuss the pros and cons of each view and discuss how
every day women (i.e. not scholars/academics) feel about pornography. To begin I would like to
discuss "pro–sex" feminists and their views on pornography. These feminists believe that women
have the choice "to participate in and consume pornography" and many believe that pornography
can have positive effects for women. If participation in pornography is consensual then there is no
reason that a woman cannot partake in the production of pornography. This is summed up in the
mantra "a woman's body, a woman's right" and as long as she is not being coerced then she has the
right to do what she would like with her own body. This is where the opinions and views of sex
workers themselves come in to play. Self identified feminist porn star Nina Hartley has called
herself an exhibitionist and has been

Pornography and Women Empowerment Essay
Women today have made strides in narrowing the gender gap with men, beating them in college
admission (Francis), and reducing the pay–gap between the sexes by about 17 cents on the dollar
over the past 20 years (United States). Despite noticeable advances for women, the notions of sexual
female taboo and misogyny still remain ever present. Gender roles and sexuality are a major conflict
in American politics today. In the race for the republican nomination for president, Rick Santorum
has stated that "America is suffering a pandemic of harm from pornography (Friedersdorf)." A self–
described crusader for family values, he has also detailed in his writing that "In far too many
families with young children, both parents are working... Here, we ... Show more content on
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To understand the internal debate of feminists, you have to understand the history of feminist views
on sexuality. The sexual empowerment of women has seen two major revolutions. According to
Leila Rupp at the University of California Santa Barbara, the first movement began in the 1910s
with the push for women's suffrage and legal equality. In the first revolution, equality was demanded
for a more equal partnership within the family, and the institution of marriage. The second
revolution in the 1960s gave rise to the idea of freedom and equality outside of the bounds of
marriage (Rupp). The two sexual revolutions disperse at essentially the same rift which occurs in the
feminist view of pornography, and at the root of the rift is a sexual identity crisis. Does free love,
liberation from marriage, and breaking of sexual taboo liberate women, or is a fixation on sex a
masculine idea at heart.
Women who see pornography as negative (anti–porn) focus on four major arguments against
pornography as a positive force for women, the arguments include the following generalizations:
"Pornography is degrading to women, Pornography leads to violence against women, Pornography
is violence because women are coerced into pornography, Pornography is violence because women
who pose for porn are so traumatized by patriarchy they cannot give real consent (McElroy)." All
four of these arguments are oversimplified and/or not true. While it is an easy a seemingly effective
argument to say

The Polarization Of Pornography And The Feminist Movement
Polarization occurred in the feminist movement as differences of opinion ascended regarding broad
issues pertaining to sexuality, sex, and the relationship between man and woman, of all of which are
demonstrated in pornography. Pornography meaning, sexually explicit material intended to cause
sexual sensations or arousal. Pornographic consumption became into question during the 1970s and
80s as anti–pornography feminists found it perilous, and sex–positive feminists found it to be a vital
component in gaining women's freedom. Though many feminists exhibit harsh criticism towards
pornography, this criticism is ultimately unwarranted and laced with assumptions. The sex–positive
movement has demonstrated itself to be far more practical in executing societal changes and
beneficial in achieving gender equality through the acceptance they illustrate to individual
differences. Unfair constrictions and regulations exist to destroy womanhood in an attempt to better
manhood as if the two can't correlate beneficially together. Condemning a woman's sexuality as
being taboo and placing pornography in the hands of only men, is preposterous. In a society with
such restrictions, sex–positive feminists advocate for an outlet that allows women to investigate
their own sexual desires and preferences without the nuisance of societal expectations. Pornography
grants women a world in which empowerment and sexual liberation are accepted freely. Fantasies
can be explored and discovered

Pornography Does NOT Cause Violence Against Women
Introduction Pornography is a controversial subject all around the world. Part of its appeal is its
taboo nature. It has been argued that pornography is harmful. Porn is an underground market that is
more or less legal but is it harmful? An article written by Diana E.H. Russell in "Dangerous
Relationships: Pornography, Misogyny, and Rape" argues that it is. Diana E.H. Russell is a
sociology professor. She has researched the issue and argues that pornography is profoundly
harmful. Professor Russell believes that it inclines men to want to rape women and that it
encourages them to act out rape fantasies. However, Michael C. Seto disputes Professor Russell's
theory that pornography is harmful. Michael Seto's article, written with ... Show more content on
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The rapists admitted that they did not see the woman as human until it was too late and some still
don't see their crime. They were asked if they believed that women enjoyed being raped. Many
would say that women cause their own rape because of what they wear or how they act, they believe
that most men are innocent of rape. All of the evidence provided was pulled from male rapists or
men that proved to be force oriented. Experiments should be done based on healthy, non–rapist
individuals, including women. Women view pornography, women are capable of ill thoughts and
violence, and women are capable of committing rape. It would seem that there was plenty of
evidence provided by Ms. Russell but I do not think that it is adequate to substantiate her theory that
pornography is harmful.
"No" Article From the "No" aspect written by Michael Seto, Alexandra Maric, and Howard E.
Barbaree, they argue that 1) there is enough evidence any where proving that pornography is the
cause of rape or rape crimes. They do not feel that it proves that men objectify and dehumanize
women or that violent pornography desensitizes men to rape, 2) Knowing the definition of
pornography and understanding the different versions help to identify where the issue lies, and 3)
there are causal models that link pornography and aggression. The debate on pornography being
harmful is so big because sexual victimization being such a major social problem. There is not
enough

Pros And Cons Of Porn
Spreading immorality? Ruining relationships? Perpetuating sexism and increasing crime rate? On
top of any religious objections, pornography has always been a very controversial subject, an issue
with various opinions and also blatant facts.
Especially for the past few decades, the porn debate with its cons and pros has been raging
constantly. Those who link pornography to countless crimes and ill effects are definitely
ideologically motivated, but the actual scientific evidence hardly supports their conclusions.
Here are some of the most essential cons of pornography and the facts that prove them wrong:
1. Porn is obscene, ill and against religion! Throughout the world, porn is considered in most
cultures quite morally questionable and obscene and religious beliefs are against it, considering it a
type of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Studies have shown that you can be a devoted church–going kind of person and also watch porn and
still be faithful in reality to your better half.
Pornography is responsible for improvements regarding the opinions towards the human body and
its needs. Watching porn is also safe because it obviously does not lead to contacting some sexually
transmitted diseases.
2. Porn is a form of exploitation to people with lower incomes!
Porn has actually some benefits of economic nature. The pornography industry is a multi–billion
dollar one and it provides an extremely large number of jobs which include acting, directing,
editing, film crews and technical staff etc. And, let's be serious, anyone can watch porn for free
nowadays.
3. Pornography spreads disease!
Porn is actually promoting the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Pornographic actors and
actresses are required to undergo tests of STDs

Restricting the Production, Distribution, and Sale of...
Many women have been mistreated at one point or another in their lives. This form of abuse
assumes many forms and is not always visible to the naked eye. One of these such hardships that
women of the 20th century have had to face is the struggle for equality. In Canada, the Charter of
Rights and Freedoms affords women full equality before and under law and equal protection and
benefit of the law.1 But yet, this society openly contributions to the production, sale, and
distribution of pornography which implies that women are second class citizens. Destroying these
stereotypes which portray women as slaves, objects, toys, and mindless, sex–driven beings must be
accomplished in order for women to attain true equality. The censorship ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Proof of this claim can be seen in society's acceptance of the publication and distribution of
pornography. One must remember that pornography is not objectionable simply because of its
sexual contents, but rather because of its portrayal of women. Unfortunately, in Canadian Law,
pornography is not automatically considered obscene and is therefore deemed to be legal. It is
important to note that the term "pornography" does not appear even once in the pages of the
Criminal Code of Canada. Instead, the Criminal Code only refers to items which are "obscene." In
Canada, the ability of the federal government to legislate public morals through criminal law allows
it only to censor material "tending to corrupt morals."3 There is however, a definite correlation
between pornography and obscenity as can be seen in section 159 (8) of the Criminal Code:
...And publication a dominant characteristics of which is the undue exploitation of sex, or of sex and
any one or more of the following subjects, namely, crime, horror, cruelty, and violence, shall be
deemed to be obscene.4
Since the Criminal Code offers no definition of the term pornography, it is important to establish one
for the purposes of this argument. A working definition of pornography can be provided by Helen
Longino, a legal expert and social

Does Pornography Exploit or Liberate Women? Essay
Almost as lucrative as the oil industry; the omnipresent multi–media pornography industry is said to
be more profitable than the music and video industries combined. The European Parliament (2003)
estimates that more than two–thirds of the £252 million spent by European internet users during
2001 was received by various pornographic websites. This recorded expenditure does not, however,
account for the widely available non–internet based pornographic literature, theatre and DVD trade,
or for prostitution – the age–old trade from which the term pornography is derived (Potter, 1998);
thus effectively deeming the pornography industry to be indescribably profitable. As the
pornography industry is undeniably extortionately profitable, such an ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The wide availability of pornographic material can be argued to be the main attraction to
employment within the industry; a notion anti–porn campaigners often utilise for their argument that
pornography exploits women. Although the spectrum of pornography caters for almost all types of
personal sexual gratification, the vast majority of conventional pornographic material is
heterosexual male oriented (Castleman, 2009), therefore allowing for seemingly endless
opportunities for willing female actresses to gain employment. Whilst pro–porn campaigners and
liberal feminists alike argue that such demand allows for potentially lucrative career prospects,
opponents of pornography and radical feminists respond in a much more aversive manner
(Haralambos & Holborn, 2004). Westerstrand (O'Connor, 2006) likens the 'trading' of women's
bodies to the black market organ trade, noting that although some people may decide to sell their
organs out of financial desperation, purchasers of organs should be prosecuted. This notion is
furthered by O'Connor, who states that "The sale of women for sexual exploitation is therefore an
intrinsic violation,

The Social World
Sexualisation of the social world has become a very prominent social issue since the early 90's. It
has affected many influential individuals in devastating ways such as that of eating disorders, body
image issues and mental illnesses. This essay will explore sociological explanations to understand
and draw conclusions on why the sexualisation of culture has and continues to occur today. I will
explore feminism and how it has influenced sexualisation of culture today and how pornography has
influenced todays pornification problems.
One sociological explanation for this is that of a multitude of factors related to that of feminism. In
the mid–1970s child abuse was brought to public eye by a group of second wave feminists also
known as ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is the most significant of the factors that laid the ground for shift of sexualisation to become a
recognised social issue from its former clinical term (Fredrickson 1992).
However, positioning the innocence of a child to symbolise femininity began to counter benefit the
movement by setting the tone for the return of traditional family values. For example, the innocent
girl was remobilized to attack the legalization of child abortion, a goal that feminists had achieved
years earlier. This debacle however did provide the ideal social conditions for today's sexualisation
problem to be identified as in 1981 journalists were beginning to investigate the sudden
sexualisation of young females. Sexualisation being used to describe mal socialization which in fact
separates children from their natural essence causing premature entry in adult forms of sexual
subjectivity. For example, that of play makeup for girls (Schiro 1981).
Another sociological explanation that is provided for the pornification of media today is that of the
evolution of porn. Pornographic content has always been in existence with our culture with
prehistoric rock art dated before civilisation depicting sexual acts. This can also be seen in art work
during the Victorian era such as that of the painting by Édouard Manet titled Olympia which was a
nude picture of a French courtesan which

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