Mobile Calculating And Pervasive Calculating

Mobile Calculating And Pervasive Calculating
Title: Mobile calculating and pervasive calculating represent major evolutionary ladders in a line of
investigation dating spinal to the mid–1970s. Illustrates this development from a systems–centric
viewpoint. New glitches are encountered as one changes from left to right in this numeral. In
adding, the answers of many previously–encountered glitches become extra multifaceted
Introduction: By 2000, mobile calculating research began to trace upon subjects that we now
identify as the purview of universal computing. The establishment manifesto of pervasive figuring,
also known as omnipresent computing, was an influential 1991 paper entitled "The Processer for the
21st Period" by Mark Weiser of Xerox PARC. He experimental that "The greatest profound skills
are those that vanish. They pile themselves into the cloth of everyday lifetime until they are vague
from it." Therefore, the essence of unescapable figuring is the creation of surroundings saturated
through computing and announcement, yet elegantly integrated with human operators The future
trends of paging applications: A designer of wireless innovativeness solutions rights it has combined
the rewards of paging and mobile phones into one facility that can be retrieved through a
smartphone.. The presentation offers paging structures to smartphones through transmitting info
through a cellular assembly as well as over safe Wi–Fi connections. Through the solution, the
Massachusetts–based
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Telemedicine And Telemedicine Health Care Services
With healthcare ever changing and technology expanding at a rapid pace patients are able to
experience new opportunities in health care services. Telemedicine transmits vital health care
information by way of telecommunication and information technology to the health care recipients
in distant areas from medical clinics and hospitals. Telemedicine is promoted and is gaining support
for its ability to improve accessibility to health care with lower cost and easier accessibility to gain
quality medical services. Both telemedicine and telehealth are two areas that are developing and
viewed as progressively attractive tools in the health care field. In the technologies of telehealth and
telemedicine health care services are provided by medical professionals who specialize in a situation
where the location is the primary factor; by using information technology, they can receive vital
input about a patient's medical condition from specialists (Wade, Karnon, Elshaug, & Hiller, 2010).
Telemedicine gives the opportunity for sharing medical knowledge between nurse and technician,
specialist and medical doctors, and sub–specialist and specialists. Information technology
encourages teamwork among health care professionals and different locations through
telecommunications. Telecommunications is offering a solution to the need for knowledge sharing
among health care professionals. This paper will address the usefulness of telemedicine in
neurology, pain management, hospitals, clinics,

Is Privacy Law Trumps Telecommunication Law? Discuss?
Question:
?Privacy law trumps telecommunication law? Discuss.
Answer: Telecommunication law content issues which raise privacy concerns are generally
presumed to concern the protection of privacy information, and conversation between individuals. In
case of telecommunication system call detail records, caller?s information, internet conversation
details and many more are retained by government and commercial organisation for different legal
and business purpose. When the data is retained by government then the data is stored from the
telephone calls, email, visited website and, even, from data retention. In case of commercial data
retention, the retention is usually occur on transaction, websites visited, users visited place and
many more. However, this has been argued that to provide better service from telecommunication
sector to the community, the private information is required to be monitor and collect. Sometimes,
privacy is violated by security agencies due to the legitimate excuse. On the other hand, privacy is
also violated by collecting and retaining personal information by business organisation for the
business purpose and, in many cases, the users are not informed what is happening with them.
However, in the essay, the discussion will be focused on the definition of privacy, protection of
information privacy and data protection, privacy threat in Canada and United states, privacy violated
by virtual networking system, privacy hampered by Radio Frequency

Essay On ENCE
A set of submarine cables and infrastructures for fiber optic (backbone) deployed by the three
operators in Senegal SONATEL (Orange), SENTEL (Tigo) and SUDATEL (Expresso), as well as by
the ADIE for the public sector.
The e–signature, launched under the impetus of the customs which has begun using it and the ADIE
is preparing to deploy it on a large scale.
The identification of people and businesses, one of the most important tools of e– commerce in the
future. On this point, three files of civil status are in course of constitution, in cooperation with the
World Bank, but apparently without much coordination between them.
The Universal Telecommunications Service Development Fund (FDSUT): it is a device of the Code
of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the field of mobile telephony, Orange, Expresso and Tigo shared a little more than 14 million
subscribers at the end of December 2014, a rate of penetration of 106,45% based predominantly on
prepaid deals (99%). Concerning the Internet market, three segments have been considered: the
fixed Internet (narrowband and broadband/ADSL), the mobile Internet via keys and the mobile
Internet via mobile terminals (2G, 3G and 4G). Orange is present on all the market segments,
Expresso on the segments of narrowband, the mobile Internet (2G, 3G and 4G) from keys or mobile
terminals and Tigo on the segments of the mobile Internet (2G, 3G and 4G) from keys or mobile
terminals. At the end of December 2014, the global Internet network reached more than 6,800,000
lines. This market is experiencing a fast evolution thanks to the mobile Internet. This market is
largely dominated by the segments of mobile Internet and Internet Key. A new operator of fixed and
mobile telephony has been authorized in the region of Matam. It is called Hayo, and is from a
consortium of the universal service (CSU), consisting of Senegalese companies.
The main call centers are PCCI, Call Me, Africatel, AVS and Center Value, which offer,
maintenance and appointment services. In this ecosystem, IT companies are growing, among them

4g Wireless Mobile Communication Networks
4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery and
computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air
interface and data rate, but instead cover advance wireless mobile communication networks and
high speed wireless access system into different platforms.
The era of new wireless communication is evolving and it will soon penetrate into daily life and
change the way we live. The key concept is integrating the 4g capabilities with all of the existing
mobile technology. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of different aspects of 4g
technology which include its features, proposed architecture and key technological enabler. 4G
technology will encompass all system from various network public to private operator driven
broadband to personal area and adhoc Networks. 4g technology system will be fully IP based
wireless internet. With 4G technology a range new services and model will be available, this
services and model need to be further examine for interface with the design of 4g technology
system. 4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery
and computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air
high speed wireless access system into different platforms. Based on different model, 4G wireless
mobile

Network Speed
Overview [WINNIE]
As the technology world evolves and develops faster and better every day, it puts new demands of
speed and throughput on the network that supports it. Today especially, we live in a world where
everyone is mobile, and it is expected that mobile networks keep pace with the innovations in
technology. The successor of 2G and 3G mobile network standard is the 4G mobile network
standard. The emergence of 4G, nonetheless, should provide faster and better mobile network
connectivity to support the newer and ever more demanding technologies born every day. The
emergence of 4G mobile network technology is aimed at offering higher data speeds and the ability
to roam across multiple heterogeneous wireless networks for the ... Show more content on
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Due to the convergence evolution, it is expected that the trend of progressive information
technologies will focus more on mobile and widespread media convergence and new services to
come.[3]
Broadband Services [WINNIE]
As the basis for enabling multimedia communication, broadband services naturally calls for media
convergence that will be based on packet transport to promote the integration of various media on
different behaviors. A lead to a demand for similar services in mobile communication environment
is expected to increase with the growth in broadband services like cable, DSL, optical fiber access
systems and office or home LANs. 4G service application characteristics will likely enable
broadband service to be low cost, high coverage of wide area, and wide variety of service
capabilities. [4]
Interactive BCN (All–IP) with Home Networking, Telemetric, Sensor–Network Services [WINNIE]
The evolution of an All–IP network is inevitable with the technologies now becoming more
collaborative and indispensible. An ALL–IP unified network converged services, providing the
next–generation telecommunications network solutions will transform, covering fixed, mobile and
IP communications network transformation through active access defines broadband convergence
and hence IP multimedia services becoming the major trend in the wired and wireless network. The
main idea is to have the broadband

A Report On A Virtual Core Network
III. Proposed Applications
The NFV ISG lists various possible scenarios in which NFV may be used in the current network
infrastructure to help organizations reduce capital and operational expenditures and increase revenue
via VNF services. While in theory, every network element can be virtualized, the ISG has identified
specific devices based on feasibility in terms of cost and complexity of implementation.
Mobile Networks: Mobile networks today are dominated by proprietary hardware. Having physical
resource increases expenditure for the operators. Scaling of such resources may require replacement
of hardware. Implementing NFV means that the hardware resource pool can be efficiently utilized
based on demand. A virtualized mobile core network would also help minimize the signaling traffic
on the network by grouping certain network functions together [1]. This paper will discuss more on
a virtual Core network in section IV.
VNF as a Service (VNFaaS): Many Enterprises have an infrastructure network of their own. Such a
network puts added expenditure on enterprises to have a dedicated team of professionals to maintain
and service this network. Also having equipment on their premises increases capital costs and
operational costs such as energy. The ISG use cases [10] proposes to provide these enterprise
infrastructure equipment as a virtual service hosted at the operator end. From the enterprise
perspective it will be profitable for them to outsource this functionality and have

4g Wireless Mobile Communication Networks
ABSTRACT
4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery and
computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air
high speed wireless access system into different platforms.
The era of new wireless communication is evolving and it will soon penetrate into daily life and
change the way we live. The key concept is integrating the 4g capabilities with all of the existing
mobile technology. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of different aspects of 4g
technology which include its features, proposed architecture and key technological enabler. 4G
technology will encompass all system from various network public to private operator driven
broadband to personal area and adhoc Networks. 4g technology system will be fully IP based
wireless internet. With 4G technology a range new services and model will be available, this
services and model need to be further examine for interface with the design of 4g technology
system. 4G wireless mobile communication networks are been specified to support display, battery
and computational power etc. 4G wireless mobile communication networks should not focus on air
high speed wireless access system into different platforms. Based on different model, 4G wireless

Essay on Wireless Technology Upgrade
Table of contents Page
1. Introduction 3
2. Strategic Business Assessment 3
3. Technology 4
4. Design a Wireless System 5
5. Compatibility Plans 6
6. Planned Competitive Improvements 7
7. Other Competitive Technological Solutions 8
8. Upgrading to Next Generation 9
9. Summary and Conclusions 10
10. Work Cited 12 Introduction:
Since the introduction of the first mobile phone in 1924, there has been a steady climb in developing
and enhancing, the mobile phone and its supporting technologies. The cellular network
infrastructures as well as service providers have been hard at work; in making sure they are
providing the best service as well as devices. The infrastructure alone ... Show more content on
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Technology:
GoFone Cellular Communications is a leader in delivering innovative wireless cellular services. The
need for innovation and providing top–notch service has led GoFone into being an industry leader.
GoFone has been able stay ahead of the class, by keeping up with industry trends, and consumer
satisfaction. The services offered allow users to stay connected to the world. Subscribers are able to
talk and browse the Internet at the same time. GoFone also offers a variety of cellular phones with
several options. GoFone's service is currently being offered on 3rd generation technology, that
promises scalability. Having the ability to offer different services, with different pricing points
consumers will be able to pick a choice on what type of service or package they want. GoFone
promises to provide cellular wireless services, with the ability to stay connected and have minimal
to no impact.
GoFone's network is operating off Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service (UMTS), which is
3rd generation wireless cellular technology. GoFone will deploy its UMTS network on the 900MHz
frequency. UMTS technology is mainly based off of Wide Code Division Multiple Access
(WCDMA) affords; GoFone the opportunity to offer features such as mobile wireless Internet, email
and other services. The use of UMTS allows for

Network Architecture Of Third Generation Technology
Abstract– 5G Technology stands for fifth Generation Mobile technology. From generation 1G to
2.5G and from 3G to 5G this world of telecommunication has seen a number of improvements along
with improved performance with every passing day. This fast revolution in mobile computing
changes our day to day life that is way we work, interact, learn etc. This paper also focuses on all
preceding generations of mobile communication along with fifth generation technology. Fifth
generation network provide affordable broadband wireless connectivity (very high speed). The
paper throws light on network architecture of fifth generation technology. Currently 5G term is not
officially used. In fifth generation researches are being made on development of World Wide
Wireless Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN) and Real Wireless World.
Fifth generation focus on (Voice over IP) VOIP–enabled devices that user will experience a high
level of call volume and data transmission. Fifth generation technology will fulfill all the
requirements of customers who always want advanced features in cellular phones. The main features
in 5G mobile network is that user can simultaneously connect to the multiple wireless technologies
and can switch between them. This forthcoming mobile technology will support IPv6 and flat IP.
Fifth generation technology will offer the services like Documentation, supporting electronic
transactions (e–Payments, e–transactions) etc.
Keywords– 5 G, 5G Architecture,

Overview of 3GPP Lont Term Evolution
An Introduction of Overview of 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is
4G wireless communications standard radio platform technologies that allow operators to achieve
higher peak throughputs than HSPA+ in higher spectrum bandwidth. LTE was developed by the 3rd
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), and this began in 2004, with an official LTE work item
started in 2006 and a completed 3GPP Release 8 specification in March 2009. Initial deployments of
LTE began in late 2009, and it is part of the GSM evolutionary path for mobile broadband,
following EDGE, UMTS, HSPA (HSDPA and HSUPA combined) and HSPA Evolution (HSPA+).
Although HSPA and its evolution are strongly positioned to be the dominant mobile data technology
for the next decade, the 3GPP family of standards must evolve toward the future. HSPA+ will
provide the stepping–stone to LTE for many operators. The overall objective for LTE is to provide
an extremely high performance radio–access technology that offers full vehicular speed mobility
and that can readily coexist with HSPA and earlier networks. Because of scalable bandwidth,
operators will be able to easily migrate from their networks and users from HSPA to LTE over time.
LTE assumes a full Internet Protocol (IP) network architecture and is designed to support voice in
the packet domain. It incorporates top–of–the–line radio techniques to achieve performance levels
beyond what will be practical with CDMA approaches, particularly in larger

3g Wireless Communication Technology
An Essay on 3G Wireless Communication Technology
Branch: EEE
The advent of Wireless Communication
Communication has been one of the most fundamental aspects of human development. It took the
eccentric genius of Nikola Tesla to come up with the design of the first radio transmitter in 1891.
The first transatlantic radio communication in 1901 was a sign of further things to come.
Communication technologies that have been developed over the last century have largely shaped
human interaction and have played a crucial role in sustaining human relationship be it ... Show
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The recent introduction of 3G mobile services in India have however brought in enhanced data and
voice transmission and are welcome signs in the improvement in mobile communication technology.
The essay deals in–depth with 3G wireless technology and the difference with its successors (3.5G
and 4G) and predecessor (2G).
3G (3rd generation mobile telecommunications)
3G wireless technology represents the convergence of various 2G wireless telecommunications
systems into a single global system that includes both terrestrial and satellite components. One of
the most important aspects of 3G wireless technology is its ability to unify existing cellular
standards, such as CDMA, GSM, and TDMA, under one umbrella. It improves the efficiency of data
can be transferred through the cellular phone. The data transfer rates for third generation mobile
telecommunications is up to 2 Megabits per second. Aside from this feature, 3G cellular phones also
have conventional voice, fax and data services, as well as high–resolution video and multimedia
services which can be used while on the move. It also includes mobile office services such as virtual
banking and online–billing, video conferencing, online entertainment and access to the Internet.
International Mobile Telecommunications–2000 (IMT–2000), better known as 3G or 3rd
Generation, is a family of standards for mobile telecommunications defined by the International
Telecommunication Union, which includes GSM EDGE, UMTS, and

4G Long Term Evolution Case Analysis
Abstract
Telecommunication technologies have evolved rapidly over the past decades, a situation which led
to the arrival of the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) to provide faster data speed better than the
legacy 3G EVDO data technology. Certainly, LTE has been of great benefit to both individuals and
corporations across the globe. However, operators are often faced with challenges such us Capacity
constraints, slow throughput due to increased numbers of usage, interference from other wireless
equipment, as well as poor coverage issues.
Over the years, telecommunication operators have been adopting strategies to mitigate all these
challenges in order to improve user experience. This research focused specifically on the
optimization of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also believed that the common issues that occur in the LTE network could be reduced
drastically if attention if given to certain engineering practices. The research revealed and discussed
some of those factors.
Furthermore, to understand the concept of LTE optimization in the practical sense, a case study was
done with drive test data collected on Nex–tech wireless network and a detailed analysis was made
and some issues were identified and rectified in the network.
By and large, the findings from the research and the deductions from the case study only proved that
there is a tremendous benefit in adopting a quality optimization strategy in any LTE network. More
so, not only do the subscribers get great quality of service but the operators also make maximum
financial gains.
Introduction
LTE network optimization remains an integral part of the LTE network. The main objective of
optimizing the LTE network is to ensure that (Ue) has good service which translates to good user
experience such as high data speed. The LTE optimization approach usually follows a process.
Optimization engineers follow this process to find out where the problems in the network are as well
as identifying what the problems are and then subsequently proposing ways to resolving them.
The first stage of the process is data collection where very sophisticated tools and

Technological Advancements Of The Telecommunications Sector
1.0 Introduction
We are living in the 21st century, which will be remembered for the fast–paced technology
development. A lot of technological advancements took place in this century. Today, the technology
is virtually in all sectors especially, a lot of evolution in the Telecommunications Sector. The
telecommunications sector comprises many companies that make communication possible on a
global scale, whether through the mobile phone, computer or the Internet. It is an important part of
our day–to–day life and basically, it saves our time. Similarly, innovation and technology have a big
impact on Digital and Electronics sectors and result in every day with new a laptop model, with new
laptop's features like a laptop with new processors, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But it is not viable to access the internet while one is traveling by bus or train. Most people still use
the tethering or hotspot feature of a smartphone to get online during traveling. It would be so much
suitable to have a laptop with 4G connectivity so that one can start accessing the Internet the
moment when turning it on. This way of internet connectivity will not drain the battery of a
smartphone.
Figure. 2.2 Laptop with 3G SIM card slot
3.0 Concept analysis
The following discussion will show you some advantages and assumptions (Figure 3.1) in
formulating this idea of built–in 4G/LTE SIM card slot into the laptops. Further, the following
discussion will also show you disadvantages of both concepts. Figure 3.1 Why this Idea of built–in
4G/LTE SIM card slot into the laptops came?
§ Weaknesses of Current WLAN/WWAN concept in a Laptop:
1) Need an additional device to connect the Internet
2) No GPS feature available
3) No video or voice calling feature available (w/o internet)
4) Speed is limited compared to 4G service
5) Laptops having a built–in 3G card slot are very expensive
6) No theft–tracking feature available
7) Nowadays Laptops having SIM–card slots, they support 2G or 3G only not 4G/LTE supported
8) 3G radio consumes a lot more battery
§ Advantages and assumptions of built–in 4G/LTE SIM card slot in a

Abstract Of Work Done And Surveys
⦁ Abstract of work done
⦁ Introduction
⦁ Need of 4g in our Life
⦁ vision of 4g
⦁ Evolution of 4g
⦁ first Generation
⦁ second Generation
⦁ third Generation
⦁ fourth Generation
⦁ wimax
⦁ long Term Evolution
⦁ Adoption of LTE/ 4g innovation
⦁ Difference somewhere around 3g and 4g
⦁ comparison between First, Second, Third, Fourth era of portable correspondence.
⦁ 4g insurgency in India
⦁ Challenges and Opportunities of 4g in India
⦁ multiple Frequencies

⦁ prices and Smartphones
⦁ quality of Service
⦁ availability of uses/substance
⦁ enterprise Adoption
⦁ lte to go rustic
⦁ 4g gadgets accessible in India
⦁ discussion and discoveries
⦁ conclusion
⦁ list of references
⦁ glossary
Theoretical of Work Done
This research project exhibits a scrutinize of the work done and surveys on 4g remote innovations,
which is one of the rising telecom engineering in India, This paper starts with requirement for the 4g
innovation in our life and talk about its different benefits, for example, sending a complete
minimized plate (around 700mb) in under a moment at a normal rate of 20 mbps.
4g has seen different advancements and various innovation upgrades, from beginning with original
to advance to Second era amid which we first saw show of exchange pace surpassing 64 kbps, 2g
was advanced by Third Generation of portable correspondence with its exchange velocities of 2
mbps. As time advanced we saw presentation of fourth

Cellular Technology Has Developed A Long Way From Its...
Chapter 1
Introduction
The cellular technology has developed a long way from its existence in the early 1980's. In the past
few decades it has grown into one of the biggest market with the rise of cell phone users, the cellular
network providers and cell phone makers have grown in immense amount. Cellular technologies
have evolved from first generation (1G), second generation (2G), third generation (3G) and to its
current technology which is fourth generation (4G) which is also known as Long Term Evolution
(LTE). Fig 1.1 Evolution of Cellular technology
The first generation (1G) only provided users with voice communication in its second generation
(2G) the service was expanded to voice and data communication in which the system capacity was
also improved. Second generation or 2G wireless technology is also known as Global Systems for
Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The third generation
(3G) was a revolution in the cellular technology the data rates increased immensely from 2G, 3G is
also known as Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and CDMA–2000. The current cellular technology that
are in existence is fourth generation (4G) also known as Long Term Evolution (LTE), which can
theoretically provide data rates up to 100 Mbps.
Evolution of Cellular Technology
The first generation (1G) system was developed and implemented in 1981 in Norway which used
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS), US and UK later followed similar technology for
developing

At&T Business Strategy
PREPARED BY ALVIN WHETSTONE AT&T Wireless is the leading wireless telecommunications
provider in the US market. The US wireless market constitutes over 243M wireless subscribers. This
represents a market penetration of 81%. The wireless market sells mobility of voice and data
(video–media, download content and internet access).
The wireless market is distributed between the following major competitors and distinguishing
technology.
AT&T– TDMA,GSM, UMTS/HSPDA
Verizon Wireless – CDMA, EV–DO
Sprint–Nextel– CDMA, EV–DO
T–mobile – GSM, UMTS
Upon the acquisition and merger of legacy AT&T Wireless by Cingular Wireless and the
solidification of SBC, BellSouth and Cingular Wireless, the New AT&T mobility business unit now
leads in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Established in 1988 LDP is AT&T's flagship leadership development program. The goal of the
program is to develop competitive leaders with the skills and experience to perform well in various
positions and organizations across the company. Rewards include career development, exposure to
key areas within AT&T, frequent developmental feedback and accelerated career growth for
successful participants
IT MATREX (Management Transition Exchange) is the Information Technology hiring program for
high motivated individuals. The group consists of recent college graduates in the areas on
client/server mainframe and Web development.
The Financial Leadership Program (FLP) is designed to give individuals the breadth and depth of
business experience necessary for a successful career. FLP participants are rotated through high
profile decision–making positions in which they work directly with key members of the senior
management team of AT&T Finance. This program is centered on entrepreneurial thinking.
..
EXECUTION OF STRATEGIES
AT&T Wireless has successfully executed it strategy growing its Operating revenue by 14%.
Through the integration and cleanup of legacy AT&T wireless and Cingular Wireless, churn has
been reduced to 1.7%. This is a direct

Mobile Network : A Main Way Of Communication
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
Mobile networks are considered as a main way of communication between the people in the entire
world. The core network ensures that mobile users can exchange information, share data and
communicate more effectively with those using other access networks or external networks.
II. Concept
A mobile phone network is made up of a large number of signal areas called cells which join or
overlap each other to form a large coverage area. Users on the network can cross into different cells
without losing connection.
First within each cell, a mobile phone tower or base station will be found to send and receive the
mobile transmissions. A mobile device will connect to the nearest or least congested base station ...
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A typical cellular network can be envisioned as a mesh of hexagonal cells, each with its own base
station at the center. The cells slightly overlap at the edges to ensure that users always will remain
within range of a base station.
At the center of each group of cells, the base station functions as the hub for those cells – not of the
entire network, but of that individual piece of the network. RF signals are transmitted by an
individual phone and received by the base station, where they are then re–transmitted from the base
station to another mobile phone. The transmitting and receiving processes are done over two slightly
different frequencies.
Central switching centers are used to connect base stations one to another. They track calls and
transfer them from one base station to another as callers move between cells; the handoff is
unnoticeable and (ideally) seamless. Base stations are also connected to the main telephone network,
and thus can relay mobile calls to landline phones.
2. Mobile networks generations
a. 1G
Before the age of digital mobile networks, all cell phones broadcast analog signals. This intended
using the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) standard, which runs in a range of frequencies
between 824MHz and 894MHz, dubbed the 800MHz band.
This type of analog transmission was the first generation of cellular phone technology, or what some
refer to as 1G. Because analog phones could transmit only analog voice data, not digital data, they

5g Mobile Systems : Do We Have Enough Energy?
5G mobile systems – do we have enough energy? Abstract The 5G mobile systems will bring a
revolution in the way people communicate. This study will examine whether the global community
has the capabilities to develop and deploy the 5G mobile systems. Arguably, the success of 5G
mobile systems will highly depend on its ability to promote bandwidth efficiency, which is an issue
with the past generations of telecommunication networks. To achieve this, there is a need to develop
efficient networks. In addition, standardization is needed to provide an avenue for different types of
devices to interact without any conflict. Furthermore, the study identifies interoperability as a
challenge that undermines the effort of researchers, scholars and technology analysts to deploy 5G
mobile systems. In this case, there is a need to provide an avenue for different networks as well as
devices to communicate and share data. Finally, the study highlights information security as an issue
that will constantly arise. However, based on the past research and study finding, the global
community can deal with threats of cybercrime irrespective of its evolving nature. Importantly, the
study concludes that the global community can build and deploy 5G mobile systems successfully.
Table of contents ABSTRACT 2 1.0. INTRODUCTION 4 2.0. LITERATURE REVIEW 5 2.1.
DEVELOPMENT OF 5G MOBILE SYSTEMS 5 2.2. IMPLEMENTATION OF 5G MOBILE
SYSTEMS 6 2.3. CYBERCRIME AND THE 5G MOBILE SYSTEMS 8 3.0.

Pros And Cons Of 5G
5G (Fifth Generation):
Fifth Generation (5G): 5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology. 5G mobile
technology has changed the means to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. User never
experienced ever before such a high value technology. Introduction:
Nowadays mobile users have much awareness of the cell phone (mobile) technology. The 5G
technologies include all type of advanced features which makes 5G mobile technology most
powerful and in huge demand in near future. A user can also hook their 5G technology cell phone
with their Laptop to get broadband internet access. 5G technology including camera, MP3
recording, video player, large phone memory, dialing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Network bandwidth demand is growing by 35%. Storage capacity is growing by 50%. Power costs
growth is 20%. Throwing more capacity at demand is not the solution; there is a need to optimize
capacity in new ways. Over 1.5 billion Web pages are accessible, 450,000 iphone apps are being
accessed, over 200,000 Android apps are being used, 10,500 radio stations are existing. All drives
demand for IT.
Pros of 5G communication systems:
5G aims at providing myriad of services to the end users at high speed. The applications developed
to avail these services are highly user friendly minimizing the interaction between the application
and the user.
User personalization:
High data transfer rates and ubiquitous coverage of 5G networks would provide users access to large
repository of data and services. Users would have flexibility to filter these data and services as per
his preferences by configuring the operational mode of their devices, so that he can preselect the
service features he wants to use. For an example, user in a mall interested in buying clothes should
receive alerts about various discount offers on clothes rather than about the other accessories.
Terminal and Network

Science Field And The Block Chain Essay
For this section I will talk about nanosensors that are becoming popular in the medical field and the
block chain, which is the digital currency. Although these two technologies have been here for a
while, it is only recently that they have their own spotlight in the emerging technologies as they
have advanced greatly from what they were before to what is planned for them. Nanosensors are
sensors that have been shirked by scientist over the years, currently these nanosensors are very
effective in the science field, including surgical, however IoNT or more commonly known as
Internet of Nano Things hope to take it to the next step towards not only the medicine side, but they
believe that nanosensors will be able to assist with energy efficiency and other fields into a new
height. These devices work like normal sensors, with the intelligence to be able to expose
information and data however nanosensors are designed to be at the size of the Nano scale. These
nanosensors are very popular in the medical field due to the fact that they are designed to be able to
detect cells or body parts of a living being that are failing. "They work by calculating and measuring
ups downs and changes, displacement, dislocations, concentration, volume, acceleration, external
forces pressure or temperature of each cell in the living body" [1]. Nanosensors are commonly
programmed to have the ability to be able to tell the difference between ordinary and irregular, these
nanosensors will either

Applications of 3g Technology in the Education Sector:...
Study on "Applications of 3G technology in the Education sector: Perspective Bangladesh"
Name: Md. Mahbubul Haque Osmani Faculty of MSJ department, University of Liberal Arts
Bangladesh. Address: 105, 4th floor, Lake Circus, Kalabagan, Dhaka. Mobile: 01716806361 E–
mail: osmani.mcj.du@gmail.com
Applications of 3G technology in the Education sector: Perspective Bangladesh ABSTRACT:
Bangladesh recently touched a new milestone in Information and Communication Technology with
the inauguration of commercial testing of Third Generation (3G) services through the state–run
mobile service provider Teletalk. Teletalk will distribute 400,000 (4lacs) 3G–enabled SIMs' for the
capital Dhaka primarily. 3G is supposed to open new windows for mobile ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
And the total number of internet subscribers has reached 29415.693 thousand at the end of July
2012 (http://www.btrc.gov.bd). Now–a–days students all over the world are "digital natives". They
are growing up in a decidedly digital world. Digital learning educates students using the same
technology they use for communication and entertainment outside of school. Also the teachers are
very much engage with technology. They provide their class materials through internet. Many
studies (Attewell, 2005; Murat et al, 2008) have already shown that mobile technologies have
considerable potential to enhance teaching and learning across all education sectors. Their impact on
student behavior, enthusiasm, motivation and progress is well documented, especially in some
conventional schools in the UK (Cook et al. 2007). The National Training and Simulation
Association and the U.S. Department of Education studied that, technology based instruction can
reduce the time and students take to reach a learning objective by 30 to 80 percent. According to a
meta– analysis and review of online
learning studies by the U.S. Department of Education, on average, students in online learning
conditions performed better than those receiving face–to–face instruction. (Means et al., 2009) The
new technology 3G can bring a profound impact on economic landscape of Bangladesh. It can
create scopes for e–learning

Mobile Wireless Technology Is An Important Part Of...
Introduction The world lives a large evolvement in all life aspects. Everything moves in the comfort
direction. One of these aspects is the technician aspect and it is an important part of everyone 's life
as every thing around you become technician. In your room there is a TV, mobile, laptop...etc. Even
most of kids ' toys became in need to a remote control. The wireless technology means no need to
wires or cables. Wi–fi and Bluetooth are examples of that. Mobile wireless industry now is in the
head of all industries due to the increasing in mobile usage day after day. It passed through several
generations until it reached this great evolvement which we see now. It started with the first
generation 1G with analog communication. In the second generation 2G the digital messaging was
added to the analog communication. In the 3G, both calls and messages became digital. In the 4G –
which we have now– the improvement was in the usage of a large bandwidth. The generation which
is expected to appear is the 5G. The 5G is purely based on the 4G and will give a huge level of
bandwidth which we cannot imagine. Furthermore, there are two predicted generations 6G and 7G.
The 6G will be a satellite based network with speed up to 1 GB. This leads to the space roaming
problem which shall be solved by the 7G. The report is organized as follows. First and Second
section provides literature review of past and current mobile communication generations from first
generation (1G) to fourth

Nt1310 Unit 1 Assignment
Telecommunications Bodapati Venkata Choudhary National University Julie Kidder November 10,
2014 Telecommunication Communication has been a real asset to humankind by having the capacity
to exchange data starting with one then onto the next. While numerous diverse structures exist, for
example, gesture–based communication, talking, and non–verbal communication, it is telecom that
has changed the world all through the last hundred or more years. The information transfers
framework has three separate things with a particular end goal to transmit what will exhibited.
Person begin by the source or transmitter, which is then put into a medium or correspondence line,
and ultimately there is a sink, or beneficiary that the data is yielded ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One month has to look at competition since the early 1990's, especially since the act 1996 act. The
most effective competition has come from technology evolution that enabled multiple platforms
with different product–characteristics and economics to compete. They, in turn, then forced each
other into cycles of further innovation. When the telecommunications act of 1996 has passed, there
were hints of incipient competition in both the long–distance and video–distribution markets as a
result of new technology. Local telephony was still essentially a monopoly. Although wireless was
thriving, it was seen primarily as a purely mobile service." Communications systems, networks, and
services Networks are the essential Components of communication system. The systems are used to
transmit and receive signals. Telecommunication is the interaction between two people or two
points. By using PSTN, PABX, LAN and PSTN to send and receive the messages, it does not
require any geographical locations (Dias, 2007). Once there is an understanding of the advantages
can be identified the advanced communication system using the types of networks Wireless
communication

Advantage And Disadvantage Of 3g
NETWORK EVOLUTION in 3G / 4G
Abstract: During the 20th century, the key technology was information gathering, processing and
distribution. This total technology will depend based on the network systems. Which are nothing but
grouping of systems that should be controlled by a server. In business and home applications,
mobile users and in all social issues the networks are used . To enhance the benefits of these
networks, we are introducing 3G systems. The aim of the 3G security architecture is to improve on
the security of 2G systems.3G systems have additional standards like EDGE and CDMA rather than
older systems. It has a high quality voice and video services but has limited in coverage area. Now
introducing the 4G technologies to full fill the limitations of 3G.
Introduction:
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Faster data connectivity.
2. Uninterrupted video streaming on phones.
3. Video calls and big MMS.
4. Good for data intensive applications.
5. Downloading games and songs is much faster.
Benefits of 3G
High Quality Voice Service:
The quality of voice–falls under 3G will be much higher compared to 2G services.
Enhanced content Service:
3G users can download full music files, full movie files and other files at high speed.
Mobile Broadband:
3G user can use his handset for high speed internet any time any where (where connectivity is
available).
Video Services:
3G user can enjoy the video call facility where in both the caller and the receiver will be able to see
each other while speaking if both have 3G services and 3G enabled handsets.
Mobile TV:
3G users can watch TV programs of different video channels as per his liking while on the movie.
Applications of 3G

The bandwidth and location information available to 3G devices gives rise to applications not
previously available to mobile phone users. Hence, there are some applications in 3g
1. Mobile TV.
2. Video on demand.
3. Video conferencing.
4. Telemedicine.
5. Location–based

The Evolution How 3g to 4g Technologies
University of Technology, Sydney 32702 Contemporary Telecommunications
The evolution how 3G to 4G technologies
Ming H. Zhao (10810164) University of Technology, Sydney minghui.zhao@student.uts.edu.au
Lecturer: Gay Valerie 13th September, 2010
1. Introduction Since contemporary communication came into daily life, people always keep seeking
unrestricted communication at all time. Mobile telecommunication satisfied people's demand with
the first generation (1G) and the second generation (2G). In the wake of development in multimedia
and internet, most of telecommunication mobile networks operators have offered the third
generation (3G) to the customers to replace 2G over the past two years. Currently, many ICT
professionals and research ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The core technology of 4G is orthogonal frequency–division multiplexing (OFDM) which belongs
to Multi–Carrier Modulation (MCM). It divides assigned channel into orthogonal sub channels,
modulating and transmitting on each sub channel of narrowband (Aceña 2005). 3.2
Telecommunication system structure 3G is based on cellular network (shown in Figure 1), the core
network of 3G is developed from GSM–MAP, AMPS and ANSI–41 which is the core network of
GSM, the air interface and the corresponding system is backward 2G compatibility (Luo et al.
2003).
GSM–MAP SC–FDD
Air interface ANSI–41
SC–FDD
TDD
FDD
Figure 1: 3G system
2 | Page Ming H. Zhao 10810164
University of Technology, Sydney 32702 Contemporary Telecommunications
But contemporary communication requires to provide mobile user multimedia service over

broadband to enable full function of next generation mobile network based on internet technology.
As the 3G core network evolved from the 2G, it is not the optimal system that processing
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) packets. Meanwhile, it cannot handle
data transmission with containing large images and information either. Therefore, a critical need is
to create a new telecommunication network with the optimal transmission of TCP / IP data packet, it
would be completely different from the 2G and 3G wireless network

Wireless Networks And Wireless Network
Abstract– The Advancement in various wireless Network ,Enables Mobile Subcriber to enjoy
internet anytime anywhere ,but ensuring security and efficiency of this process is challenging,
because different networks have different security policies and authentication protocols.. Wireless
technologies such as the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), the Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX), and the Third–Generation (3G) mobile communications system
complement each other to support a variety of services suited for the home, urban, and global
environments. In Wireless roaming network, user privacy preservation has become an important and
challenging issue in the wireless network, and has been widely studied by researchers.
Keywords—: Authentication, Privacy –Preservation,WLAN,WiMax, Roaming Network
I] INTRODUCTION
With the advancement of mobile technology, wireless networks have become widely available and
interconnected. For allowing people to get connected seamlessly using their mobile devices without
being limited by the geographical coverage of their own home networks, roaming services have
been deployed, for example, GSM [9], [17], 3GPP [20], and WLANs With the advancements in
various mobile and wireless networks, e.g., long–term evolution (LTE) [1] worldwide
interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) [3], and roadside–to–vehicle communication
systems [2], pervasive Internet access becomes a reality, enabling mobile subscribers (MSs) to enjoy
Internet

Business Analysis: Vodafone New Zealand
Vodafone New Zealand is one of the biggest mobile network operator giving voice, data, and value
added mobile services. It is a tailback organization of London verified Vodafone plc. The
organization was shaped in 1998 discovering the pillars in Auckland. It has his major offices at
Auckland, wellington and Christchurch which employs over 3000 people, extending the services
nationwide. The market share in the mobile world was consistent at more than 50% for a long time,
which established an uncertainty in 2010 and was back to the structure at 2014 around 42% bringing
back its lost clients. In 2012, Vodafone acquired Telstraclear from Telstra Australia and also
developed an IMS infrastructure to introduce a single fixed–line and mobile network. Following its
acquisition of ISP, IHUG Vodafone NZ enriches its clients fixed line voice and data services. The
company has spent its millions of dollars in the 3g network improving its access capacity in the
urban areas. The company operates a 3g network and a 2g network very conveniently over 97% of
the county's population. The company has extended the market over to the virtual mobile operators
to support its marketing growth.
Vodafone supports the local service Telecommunications Service Obligations (TSO) policy goal of
social inclusion to ensure that all the New Zealand citizens has an access to the entire telephony
services. Vodafone and Telecom has a consignment to even out rural services in the Rural
Broadband Initiative (RBI)

Nokia Forms 3G Joint Venture in China Essay
Nokia and China Puritan have committed to forming a joint venture in China focused on 3G, or
more specifically, TD–SCDMA (time division–synchronous code division multiple access) and W–
CDMA.
The joint venture will focus on research and development, manufacturing and sales of 3G network
systems. The JV will begin offering its first TD–SCDMA and W–CDMA systems next year under
China Puritan's Potevio label.
The TD–SCDMA standard is being billed as a Chinese alternative to 3G.
In addition to 3G services, the venture also will offer network construction and optimization
services, Nokia says.
The companies intend to invest $107 million in the venture, in which Nokia will hold a 49 percent
interest. China Puritan will hold the rights ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In May, Nokia rival Ericsson announced it was teaming with ZTE to further TD–SCMDA in China.
At the time of the announcement, Ericsson committed to integrating ZTE's TD–SCDMA Node B
into its radio access network. The deal included both hardware and software.
Nokia and China Puritan have committed to forming a joint venture in China focused on 3G, or
more specifically, TD–SCDMA (time division–synchronous code division multiple access) and W–
CDMA.
The joint venture will focus on research and development, manufacturing and sales of 3G network
systems. The JV will begin offering its first TD–SCDMA and W–CDMA systems next year under
China Puritan's Potevio label.
The TD–SCDMA standard is being billed as a Chinese alternative to 3G.
In addition to 3G services, the venture also will offer network construction and optimization
services, Nokia says.
The companies intend to invest $107 million in the venture, in which Nokia will hold a 49 percent
interest. China Puritan will hold the rights to the remaining 51 percent.
Nokia will continue to offer W–CDMA products under its own brand around the world, including

China.
This is not the first 3G joint–venture deal China Puritan has announced this year. In January, the
Chinese company announced its plan to form a joint venture with Nortel. The companies said they
would cooperate on the research and development, manufacture and sale of 3G equipment and
services to the Chinese

Mobile Communication : An Overview Of 4g And Its Features,...
Mobile Communication from 1G to 4G Ajit Singh Grewal GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
Fairfax, Virginia, USAAbstract The evolution of mobile telephone system can be classified into
different generation based on the level of maturity in technology. This classification does not depend
on any standardized facts. The purpose of this paper is to provide the history of mobile
communication and provide an overview of 4G and its features, architecture, key technologies and
challenges. Introduction: From 1G (First Generation) to 3G (Third Generation) the way of mobile
communication has changed drastically. The new generation is giving users a new way to
communicate and access the services on the go. The ultimate aim of the latest generations is to
provide better services to its users. The growth of mobile users over last few decades has increased
significantly. From around 210 million users in 1995 to almost 1.6 million users in 2008 worldwide.
Figure1: Figure 1: Growth of mobile users from initial years till 2010. Initial advancement that were
taken during the launch of GPRS (2.5G) i.e. users can use data services (E.g. internet access, MMS–
Multimedia Message Service). As clearly shown in the figure1, the mobile internet subscribers also
increased from almost zero to almost 800 million in 2008. Now the ever growing need of high
mobile data services led to the new generation i.e. 4G (The Fourth Generation) of the mobile
communication that tends to support all these

Disadvantages And Assignment: Volte
ASSIGNMENT
ON
VoLTE
SUBMITTED BY: JASMEEN KAUR 2014ECA1088 BTECH ECE (Sem6) SECTION B
VoLTE
Introduction
VoLTE stands for Voice over LTE, or Voice over Long Term Evolution. Most next–generation or so–
called 4G wireless networks use Long Term Evolution technology.
Voice over LTE is a standard based technology that is required to support voice calls over an LTE
network. This approach results in the voice service being delivered as data flows within the LTE
data bearer. This means that there is no dependency on the legacy circuit switched voice network to
be maintained .
VoLTE has up ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It provides a more efficient use of spectrum than traditional voice. It can also be deployed in parallel
with video calls over LTE and RCS multimedia services.
Disadvantages of VoLTE
Though Volte has many advantages, but the biggest downside is that it could potentially mean more
expensive calling plans. As voice and video calls are lumped into the same data plan, consumers
who talk a lot will likely consume more data and will need bigger data packs. With todays mobile
share plans , customers need to calculate data for all the services they use minus voice calls. Voice
calls will also use data in future.
Some people who has just brought the mobile before the revolution of jio are not having VoLTE
feature in their smartphone in case of mid–ranger and lower end version. For example, Xiaomi Mi4
cannot support 4G VoLTE option in India.
We cannot make calls over 4G with VoLTE all along because VoLTE is data–only networking
technology, so it cannot natively support voice calls. While 3G and 2G were designed with voice
calls in mind and data was added to them.

India 's Economic Success Social Cohesiveness On A Global...
INTRODUCTION
We are pleased to formally introduce Intercontra Initiatives Limited, an institution that maintains
expert and technological know–how to ensure the delivery of efficient, cost–saving, and, cutting
edge solutions to clientele in the key sectors of Telecommunications and Oil & Gas industry in the
African economy. We provide customer–driven and tailored services to diverse clients in this niche
market segment particularly in the areas of engineering and logistics.
We recognise that your organisation occupies a visible position in the telecommunications industry
as a leading major contractor and supplier of telecommunications infrastructure and as such we at
Intercontra Initiatives would like to make our professional services and logistics solutions available
to you.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Telecommunications services are critical to Nigeria's economic success social cohesiveness on a
global platform. The capacity, consistency of good quality network coverage, and reliability of the
infrastructure used in the provision of these services are important to consumers; both businesses
and individuals
The bulk of investment to build, deploy, and, maintain communication networks is delivered by
commercial providers who are in fierce competition to deliver services to the consumers.
There are many areas in Nigeria that are not being fully served by the telecoms market.
In the last 5 years, the mobile sector has had triple digit growth rates after competition was

Comcast Corporation Swot Analysis
Abstract
Comcast Corporation (NASDAQ: CMCSA, CMCSK), a company based in Philadelphia primarily
provides competitive bundled–package, which consists video, high–speed internet, phone, wireless
security and automation services to both residential and commercial customers, with estimated TV–
market share of 24% in United States. With the introduction of Xfinity brand services, 80% of
Comcast's revenue is generated from its video services.
Comcast's innovative products/services facilitate current position in market share, however there are
dynamic competing market forces like flooding of social medial and new gaming devices that are
intensively changing how the American working–class and younger generations watch series of TV
programs. Hence this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of merger and acquisition were agreements with Group W Cable, Storer Communications,
Maclean Hunter, E.W. Scripps and E! Entertainment, Jones Intercable, Prime Communications,
Greater Philadelphia Cablevision, AT&T Broadband, Lenfest Communications Inc. Microsoft
invested $1 billion in Comcast in 1997. In 2001, Comcast acquired controlling interests in the Golf
Channel and the Outdoor Life Network, launched its HDTV service and its video on demand (VOD)
service, G4, a 24–hour, seven–day–a–week television network, in 2002.The company completed its
merger with AT&T Broadband (Comcast Corporation, 2017). In 2017, Comcast and Charter
Communications collaborated with each other to protect their emerging cellphone businesses from
huge, national providers such as Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and T–Mobile (Brian Fung,

What Are 5g Network? And When Was It Developed?
Introduction:
In an ever–evolving world , people come up with new idea each day , some of them are in the field
of robotics , some in computer security and some are in computer networks. Well the Network
industry has risen up and been on a peak ever since 2008 , with new technologies coming by every
year , but they had to slow the roll down of such innovations in the field just to make the previous
technology have a good life span and make devices adapt to a certain technology for a certain time .
What is 5G network? And when was it developed? Well Lets first explain the meaning of the G in
the 5G , Well G means Generation , This is the 5th generation of Mobile communications and
networking , The first Generation 1G Was introduced in 1982 and it could only support calls and it
was quite flawed , as there was no security and was easily hack–able , then in 1992 2G or Known as
Edge was Introduced to fix some of the flaws 1G networks had Including support for text messages
and slow internet of about 512 kb/s which was quite superb at its time but quite slow if we are
comparing with today's standards. Network engineers have been trying to fix these problems , and
after the breakthrough of the internet and some social media websites like MySpace and email
messaging in business , 3G was introduced in 2003 , with theoretical downloads speed of 7.2 Mbps
which was respectable at the time , of course it took phones quite some time to adapt to the new
standard which wasn't very popular

Maharsh Shah, M.S in Telecommunications, Southern...
Maharsh Shah, M.S in Telecommunications, Southern Methodist University The evolution of 3G
technologies and system into 4G evolution is driven by the development and creation of latest and
upgraded services for the mobile devices, and is enabled by this similar advancement for the
respective mobile systems. The development of LTE and LTE–Advanced technologies, with
'Advanced' specifying the only difference between LTE release 10 /LTE Advanced and ITU/IMT–
Advanced. The work on developing these technologies– LTE and LTE Advanced is performed as an
ongoing continuous task within the 3GPP, the same organization the developed the first 3G system
namely WCDMA and HSPA. The process for defining IMT Advanced was set by ITU–R
WP5D(Working ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Release 10 of LTE is the version that is approved by the ITU–R as an IMT Advanced
technology and so is called LTE–Advanced. Release 10 of the LTE that came out in March 2011
included carrier aggregation, enhanced downlink MIMO, uplink MIMO, enhanced ICIC and
advanced relays. Following the Release 10 came the Release 11 that incorporated enhanced carrier
aggregation and additional intra–band carrier aggregation. In 2008 the work associated with IMT–
Advanced within the ITU–R circulated the detailed requirements and process via a circular letter.
For 3GPP, LTE advanced is not a new technology but is an evolutionary step in the ongoing
development of LTE. To reach the IMT Advanced standards, wider bandwidth by aggregation of
various multiple carriers and evolved use of advanced antenna techniques in both downlink and
uplink are the two main phenomenon added in the Release 10 of LTE. The transmission scheme
used for this technology is called OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) which is
also prevalent in other radio–access technologies like WiMax and DVB broadcasting technologies.
The work on LTE started in the late 2004 with the aim of providing new radio access technology
that focused on packet switched data. The tasks include user/system, throughput, peak data rates,
spectral efficiency and user plane latency. ITU defined a set of requirements for IMT Advanced
which include support for a

T-Mobile Executive Summary
T–Mobile
IT 396–44 Management Information Systems
Final Project Deliverable – Part I
Group Members: Sameer Khatri & Fnu Tasrifa
Monroe College
Professor A. Villegas
March 12, 2017 Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Description of The Company
Project Description
Description of the Areas to be Investigated and Evaluated
i. Information Systems ii. Technical Information iii. Business Information iv. The Information
System and the Business Model
v. The Information System and Competition
Summary of the Findings
Recommendations/Suggestions
Appendix
References
Executive Summary
We are undergraduate students in the course IT 396–44 Management Information Systems at
Monroe College. Professor Asteria Villegas is the instructor for ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, this project's main focus is on the Customer Relation Management (CRM) System of T–
Mobile, which is QuikView.
QuikView is T–Mobile's primary customer care application used by both company customer care
representatives and authorized third–party T–Mobile dealers to provide various customer services.
According to a report, "the QuikView application reduced the annual average call length by 8 to 10
seconds when compared to its predecessors. It completely eliminated more than 16,000 calls from
third–party vendors per month by allowing them to complete more operations without customer care
assistance. T–Mobile executives estimate the app paid for itself through these savings in less than 2
years" (Baggett, 2015).
Universal Mind designed and developed QuikView to help representatives access customers account
information more efficiently, answer their questions, and sell the right products and services as per
their needs. "It was designed to unite customer, product, and service information from T–Mobile's

legacy applications in onscreen. They created a stable, extensible enterprise–class application so that
T–Mobile could rapidly update functionality for new products and promotions" (Baggett,

Wimax vs. Long Term Evolution
Wimax vs. LTE:
LTE and Wimax are 4G technologies. LTE is Long Term Evolution project which is been proposed
by 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) which is nothing but collaboration between various
telecommunication companies. So LTE has its background from the GSM technology. Wimax is
IEEE 802.16 standard and it's mainly roots in CDMA.
Frequency of operation: LTE operates at lower frequency as compared to wimax. Higher the
frequency of operation, higher the attenuation.
Both wimax and LTE uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). OFDM uses
orthogonal frequencies as carrier frequencies so that there will be no interference between the
signals i.e. it uses the principle of orthogonality. This in turn improves the spectral efficiency.
Multiple Access: Both LTE and wimax uses MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), which a
Space Division Multiple Access technique. It is a smart technique in which the same signal is
transmitted in different streams to the receiver. The receiver choses the best of the transmitted signal
streams and decodes the signal. It is chosen such a way that, the best quality signal is obtained. So,
even the weaker signals are boosted up by this technique.
Infrastructure: Both LTE and wimax uses ip infrastructure. The flat structure of ip helps the mobile
as well as the base station.
Latency: Latency is less in LTE when compared to wimax.
Range: Theoretically LTE has better rang than wimax.
Speed: speed of LTE is way higher than

Airtel Swot Analysis
I. INRODUCTION
India's two top telecom operators, Bharti Airtel and Reliance Jio, are locked in a tight competition
which has triggered another round of price war in the industry. But unlike the 3G price war in 2012
or 4G price war in 2016, the new battle isn't about who is offering the lowest price but who can sell
for free and for how long. And then, there's a revived interest in targeting the lower tier of userbase
that is still using the 2G feature phones.
In September, Reliance Jio launched its fourth generation (4G) wireless internet services, that has
led to a financially bleeding battle between telecom operators.
What Reliance Jio is offering, is "unfair competition", Mittal had said at a conference in Delhi,
while launching ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The study is explanatory in nature.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
II. ANALYSIS
2.1 SWOT Analysis
1. Airtel is one of the largest cellular service provider in India, with over 260 million subscribers
2. Largest Telecom operator in the world with 200+ million subscribers across 19 countries make
Airtel a strong brand
3. Airtel is the only Indian operator, with VSNL, that has an international submarine cable
4. High brand visibility of Airtel
5. Strong advertising with celebrity brand ambassadors has boosted the brand
6. Airtel has great value added services like Airtel money, online recharges, bill payments
7. Airtel stores, kiosks, sponsorships etc have boosted the brand presence worldwide. 1.Price
competition from other telecom players means limited market share.
2.User privacy is an allegation which the brand has had to face.
1.Price competition from other telecom players means limited market share.
2.User privacy is an allegation which the brand has had to face 1.New entrant's low price offering
can reduce market share

2.Saturation point in basic telephony service can be tapped by Airtel
3.Mobile Number Portability can be used by the company to tap competitor

Samsung : The Next Big Campaign
Recent struggles between the two companies had ended with Samsung losing over a billion dollars
to Apple in a case for patent dispute in which Samsung's Galaxy Tab design was accused resembling
iPhones and iPads. Lately, Samsung conducted an investigation of new Apple products and
presented a plan to add the iPhone in a patent infringement lawsuit. Samsung's "the next big"
campaign, which openly challenges Apple quality, exacerbates the conflict. The advertisements
publicize the dispute between the two companies while dismantling Apple products and portraying
Samsung products as superior. For those that have no particular allegiance to either company's
products and are debating which of the two to purchase, the advertisements provide sensible reasons
as to why Samsung products are a better choice. Additionally, the advertisements persuade the
current Apple users that may have considered buying Apple products to quit looking ridiculous like
the iPhone buyers waiting in line and purchase what is really best in quality, Samsung products.
Samsung openly attacks Apple's commercial for the iPhone: as the line–waiters are happy to get "the
big screen" and "true 4G," they find that these features are already found in Samsung Products; in
fact, there are other new tools that the iPhone will not feature. During a time when people's interest
and desire for latest mobile devices are increasing, Samsung questions Apple's credibility of selling
the most up–to– date phones. The

Mobile Calculating And Pervasive Calculating

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