Pre-Intermediate Communicative Grammar Skilss Semester 2 PBI UNY 2016

1. Penggunaan Bentuk Verb-Ing
Gerund
Verb.ing as a Noun, misalnya
Subject,Object, atau Complement
sebuah kalimat.
Juga digunakan bila Verb
didahului Article, Possesive Pronoun,
dan Preposition.
Beberapa Gerund telah berubah
statusnya menjadi Noun: Painting,
Marketing, Accounting.
Present Participle
Verb.ing yang digunakan bila
Verb berfungsi sebagai
Adjective.
Beberapa PP yang berubah
menjadi Adjective: interesting,
exciting, surprising, pleasing,
amazing, boring, confusing,
satisfying, disappointing, etc.

2. Ver.ing hanya digunakan
dengan satu Auxiliary Verb -> BE
(Sedang/Akan)
Ex: I am singing in the bathroom.
Rangkaian Be+Going+To (will,
akan..)
Ex:
We are going to present our
materials..
Rangkaian Be+Willing+To (will,
mau, bersedia..)
Ex:
I am willing to help you.

3. Verb.ing -> Verb didahului Verb lain
yang bukan Aux.Verb (Bisa sebuah Keharusan
dan Kemungkinan)
a. Hanya bisa menjadi Verb.ing,
bila didahului: admit, advice,
allow, avoid, burst out, consider,
deny, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish,
forbid, give up, insist (on), keep,
mind, omit, permit, postpone,
put off, resist, risk, stop.
Ex:
She enjoyed playing doll.
• Bisa digunakan sebagai Verb.ing
dan To-Infinitive: begin, cease,
contnue, dislike, dread, fear, hate,
intend, like, love, neglect, prefer,
propose, remember, start, try,
etc.
Ex:
I begin to learn (Learning) English.
Ex: We love playing basketball.
Subject Verb Verb.ing Object.

4. Verb.ing digunakan bila Verb berfungsi sebagai
Complement to Object.
Ex:
They got the children walking slowly in the backyard.
CTO berbentuk Verb.ing, to.inf, dan inf. Bergantung unsur Verb yang digunakan di depan object.
Hanya berbentuk Verb.ing
bila V yang mendahului O:
Catch dan Keep
Ex:
The cat cought the rat
stealing the cheese.
Bisa berbentuk V.ing dan Inf. Bila
V yang mendahului O: Feel,
Hear, Listen to, Look at, Notice,
Observe, Perceive, See, Smell,
Watch.
Ex:
I heard the dog barking loudly.
Bisa berbentuk V.ing dan to.Inf bila
V yang mendahului O: Amit,
Dislike, Find, Get, Hate, Leaf, Love,
Prefer, Start, etc.
Ex:
We hate the day being (to be)
cold.

5. Penggunaan Verb.ing dalam rangkaian
unsur lain
Bentuk Unsur Rangkain Contoh
Need, require, want + V.ing = Pasif She wants criying (=to be cried)
Go + V.ing = menyiratkan kegiatan yang
disenangi
They went walking in the park.
Be bussy, Be worth, can’t bear, can’t help, it’s no
use + V.ing
She is worth receiving the award.
Kata/Frasa Benda yang mengungkapkan
kesenangan/kesulitan.
We had wonderful time meeting Raisa.
Preposition We are be able to dancing all night long.
Possesive Pronoun (pengganti O+V+ing), yg di depan
object ada V: avoid defer, delay, deny, excuse, hate,
impede, like, mind, postpone, remember, risk.

6. Verb.ing : Verb as Subject, Object, Complement.
Disini, V.ing digantikan To+Infinitive

7. Verb.ing untuk meringkas Anak Kalimat menjadi
Participial Phrase
Jenis Anak Kalimat Example
Relative Clause (bermakna ‘yang..’)
Adverbial Clause of Reason (bermakna
‘karena..’)
Adverbial Clause of Time (bermakna
‘sewaktu..’)
Adverbial Clause of Attendant Circumstances
(bermakna ‘seraya..)
Verb.ing meringkas Kalimat Aktif.
Kalimat Pasif diringkas dengan bentuk Past Participle.

8. Verb.ing as Adjective, menerangkan
Noun