CU 5. Designing Health Education of Age specific group.pptx

1. PSYCHOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE OF
SELF
Prepared by: Jayvie Kate A. Domantay
WEEK 5

2. OBJECTIVES
•Discuss the different representations and
conceptualizations of the self from various disciplinal
perspectives.
•Compare and contrast how the self has been represented
across different disciplines and perspectives
•Examine the different influences, factors and forces that
shapes the self
•Demonstrate critical and reflective thought in analyzing
the development of one’s self and identity by developing a
theory of the self.

3. PSYCHOLOGY
Psychology has various ways of
understanding a person and the therapist way of
helping people understand themselves.

4. SELF
Self is an individual to the same individual
person. Having its own or single character as a
person, referring to the person as same individual.

5. • The topic presents the psychological theories that
influences the way people understand the self and
growth process to live to the full.
 Understanding of the self is highest when the
different parts of the self becomes integrative
 An important aspect of understanding the self-
awareness.

6. • The self is divided into two categories: the
I” Self” and the Me Self”
• The “I-Self” refers to the self that knows
who he or she is her “ Self"
• James believe that the “I Self” is the
thinking self.
• The I”-Self reflects the soul of a person or
what is now thought of as mind and is
called the pure gold.
WILLIAM JAMES

7. • The “ Me-Self is the Empirical self. It refers to
describing the person's personal experiences
and further divided into sub-categories: material
self, social self, and spiritual self.
• The material self consists of things that belong
to a person such as the body, clothes, house etc.
• The social self refers to whom and how a
person acts on social situations.

8. • The Spiritual Self refers to the most intimate
and important part of the self that includes the
person’s purpose, motives, emotions, values,
conscience, and moral behavior.
• James believed that path to understanding the
spiritual self is through introspection.

9. • Another aspect of delf-understanding is
self concept.
• Self-concept refers to the image of
oneself.
• Psychologist Carl Rogers defined the self
as a flexible and changing perception of
personal identity.
• The self develops from interactions with
significant people and self awareness.
• According to Rogers, human beings are
always striving for self-fulfillment, or self-
actualization.
CARL ROGERS’ SELF THEO
REAL AND IDEAL SELF

10. • When the needs of the self are denied, severe
anxiety may result.
• Central to achieving self-actualization is the
development of self concept.
• Rogers suggest that there are two components of
self concept: real self and ideal self.
• Real self consists of all the ideas, including the
awareness of ‘what I am and what I can do.’

11. • The ideal self is the person’s conception of what
should be or wanted to be that includes one’s goals
and ambitions in life.
• The closer (congruent) the ideal self is to the real self,
the more fulfilled and happy the individual becomes.
The farther (incongruent) the ideal self is to the real
self leads to unhappy and dissatisfied person.

12. MULTIPLE VERSUS UNIFIED SELF
• Self-understanding in adolescents also includes
conceptualizing the self as multiple or unified and true
or false.
• The construction of multiple selves varies across different
roles and relationships.
• Coping with different selves constitutes a formidable task
among adolescents.
• These challenges contribute heavily to the young person”
struggle for a unified self.

13. TRUE VERSUS FALSE SELF
• Winnicott suggests that the self is composed of the
true self and the false self.
• The function of the false self is to hide and protect
the true self.
• People tend to display a false self to impress
others.
• The self can change depending on situations.

14. THE SELF AS PROACTIVE AND AGENTIC
• Albert bandura suggests that humans have
the ability to act and make things happen
• In his theory of the self, people are viewed as
proactive agents of experiences.
• Agency embodies the endowments, belief
systems, self-regulatory capabilities, and
structures and functions through which
personal influence is exercised, rather than
residing as distinct entity.

15. • The main agentic features of human agency are:
intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and
self reflectiveness.
• Intentionality refers to acts done intentionally.
• Forethought enables the person to anticipate the
likely consequences of prospective actions.

16. • Self- reactiveness enables the person to make
choices and choose appropriate courses of action, as
well as motivate and regulate their execution.
• Self-reflectiveness gives the person the ability to
reflect upon oneself and the adequacy of one’s
thought and actions. People are not only agents of
action but self-examiners of their own functioning.

17. • Efficacy beliefs are the foundation of human
agency.
• Self-efficacy refers to the individual’s belief
that he or she is capable to perform a task
• It influences whether people think
pessimistically or optimistically and in ways
that are self-hindering.
• Efficacy beliefs play a central role in self-
regulation

18. THE SELF AS THE CENTRAL ARCHETYPE
• Jung suggested that the psyche continues to develop
throughout life, but the psyche starts to show a definite
form and content during adolescence.
• Jung conceived the structure of personality (psyche) as a
complex network of interacting systems that strive
toward harmony. The main systems are: ego, personal
unconscious, and collective unconscious.

19. • The ego is one’s conscious mind, the part of the psyche
that includes perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and
memories that may enter consciousness. It is through the
ego that we establish sense of stability.
• Personal unconscious includes the repressed and
forgotten experiences.
• The collective unconscious consists of the fundamental
elements of the human psyche that includes experiences
all humans share or in common.

20. • Within the collective unconscious lie
archetypes.
• Central to Carl Jung’s theory of the self is the
concept of archetype.
• An archetype is a universal thought form or
predisposition to respond to the world in
certain ways.
• The archetype represents the hidden
potentialities of the psyche, or total personality.

21. • For Jung, there are four major archetypes:
persona, shadow, animus, anima, and self.
• The persona refers to social roles that
individuals present to others.
• The shadow refers to the repressed thoughts that
are unacceptable. This archetype is often
considered as the dark side of the psyche.

22. • The anima is the feminine side of male psyche
while the animus is the masculine side of the
female psyche.
• The self is the central archetype that unites all
parts of the psyche. The ego is the individual’s
conscious perception of the self.

23. SIGMUND FREUD’S CONSTRUCTION OF SELF
AND PERSONALITY
• According to Freud, there are three structures of
personality : ID, Ego and Super ego.
• ID- the please-seeking side, immature, impulsive,
child-like and cannot delay gratification. Evil side
• Superego- the angel
• Ego- person the middle, resolve the conflict between
the three structures.

26. Discuss the following:
● I Self and Me self (5 pts)
● Ideal Self and Real Self (5 pts)
● True Self and Fake Self (5 pts)
● Multiple and Unified Self (5 pts)
● Main agentic features of human agency are: intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness,
and self reflectiveness. (10 pts)
● Ego, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious. (5 pts)
● Four major archetypes (10 pts)
● Psychosexual Stages (10 pts)
● Psychosocial Development (10 pts)