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1. ANATOMY OF THE HEART
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3. INTRODUCTION
The Heart is the pressure regenerator for the circulation of blood.
In fact, each day, the average heart beats 100,000times, pumping
about 7,571 liters of blood.
The Heart and all Blood vessels make up the Cardiovascular System.
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4. INTRODUCTION
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5. HEART
• A hollow muscular organ.
• Locate in the thorax between 2
lungs.
• 4 chamber.
• 4 valves.
• 2 atriums & 2 ventricles.
• 2 separate pump(R&L sides).
• Right side receives blood from the
body and sends it to the
lungs(pulmonary).
• Left side receives blood from lungs
and sends it to body(systemic).
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6. BASIC ANATOMY OF THE HEART
There are three kinds of blood vessels are: Artery, Vein and Capillary.
• Arteries carry rich oxygen in blood back away from your heart.
• Veins carry poor oxygen in blood back to your heart.
• Capillaries are kinds of blood vessel which gas and nutrition take
place.
 The process of flow we call Circulation.
Artery Arteriole Capillary Venule Vein
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7. LOCATION
• The heart is located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs. This
area is called the Mediastinum.
• the heart size varies with body size.
• The heart weights between 200 to 425 gram(female average 225g
and average 310g) and is a little larger than the size of the fist.
• The average size of the heart:
- 14 cm long
- 9 cm wide
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8. LOCATION
The heart is :
• Posterior to the sternum
• Medial to the lungs
• Anterior to the vertebral column
• The base lies beneath the 2nd rib
• The apex at the 5th inter costal space
• It lay just above the diaphragm
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9. PERICARDIUM
• The heart is surrounded by membrane
called Pericardium.
• Its function is to restrict excessive
movements of the heart as a whole and
to serve as a lubricates container in
which the different parts of the heart
can contact.
• Pericardium divided into two:
1. parietal pericardium
2. visceral pericardium= epicardium
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10. HEART WALL
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11. THE HEART CHAMBERS
• Four chambers:
1.Two atrium are
separated by interatrial
septum.
2.Two ventricles are
separated by interventricular
septum.
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12. THE HEART CHAMBER
• Atrium: Receiving Chamber and
Ventricle: Pumping Chamber
• There are four valves of the heart:
1. Tricuspid Valve
2. Pulmonary Valve
3. Mitral Valve
4. Aortic Valve
( All Physician Taste Milk)
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13. VAlVES OF THE HEART
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14. VALVES OF THE HEART
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15. RIGHT ATRIUM & LEFT ATRIUM
• Right atrium received blood from Superior Vena Cava and Inferior
Vena The tricuspid ( Right AV Valve) Valve Prevents backflow of
blood from the right ventricle to the right ventricle contraction.
• The left atrium receives blood from the lungs, by the way of four
Pulmonary veins. Then the blood flow from left atrium to through left
atrioventricular valve, also called the Mitral valve or bicuspid(two
flaps) Valves. The mitral valve prevents backflow of blood from the
left ventricle to the left ventricle contracts.
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16. RIGHT VENTRICLE & LEFT VENTRICLE
• The right ventricle contracts the tricuspid valve close and the blood
is pumped through Pulmonary Semilunar Valve to the pulmonary
artery (or trunk) then to lungs.
• The walls of the left ventricle are thicker than those of the right
ventricle. At the junction of the aorta and the left ventricle is the
aortic semilunar valve. This valve is opened by the force of
contraction of the left ventricle, which also closes the mitral valve.
• The aortic valve closes when the left ventricle relaxes, to prevent
backflow of blood from the aorta to the left ventricle. When the
mitral(left AV valve) Valve closes, It prevents backflow of blood to the
left atrium.
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17. បែេះដូងបែងបែកជា០៤ថតគឺថតប ើស្ត ាំនិងថត
ប ើបវេងថតបរោមស្ត ាំនិងថតបរោមបវេង។
(Right and Left Atrium, Right and Left Ventricle).
1)Right Atrium: Receives blood from
-Inferior Vena Cava.
-Superior Vena Cava.
2)Left Atrium: Receives blood from
-Pulmonary Vein.
3)Right Ventricle: Receives blood from
-Right Atrium
4)Left Ventricle : Receives blood from
-Left Atrium

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20. CARDIAC CONDUCTION PATHWAY
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21. ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE HEART
• The arterial supply of
the heart is provided
by the right and left
coronary arteries,
which arise from the
ascending aorta
immediately above
the aortic valve.
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22. RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
Branches
 Right marginal arteries.
(acute marginal artery)
 Posterior interventricular
artery.
 Sinoatrial nodal artery.
 Atrioventricular nodal artery.
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23. LEFT CORONARY ARTERY
Branches
 Left anterior descending(LAD)
or anterior interventricular
artery.(lies in anterior IV sulcus)
- Septal branches.
- Diagonal branches.
 Left marginal artery.
(Obtuse marginal artery)
 Left circumflex artery.
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27. CORONARY ATERIES
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28. VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE HEART
• Most blood from the heart wall
drains into the right atrium through
the coronary sinus ,which lies in the
posterior part of the
arteriorventricular groove.
• It is a continuation of the great
cardiac vein.
• It opens into the right atrium to the
left of the inferior vena cava
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29. VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE HEART
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30. NERVE SUPPLY OF THE HEART
• The heart is innervated by
sympathetic and
parasympathetic fibers of
the autonomic nervous
system via the cardiac
plexuses situated below the
arch of the aorta.
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