Application of various hormones and drugs in animal reproduction

1. Application of various hormones and
drugs in animal reproduction
Dr. P. Perumal
Scientist (Animal Reproduction)
National Research Centre on Mithun (ICAR)
Jharnapani, Nagaland

2. 2
 Deworming
 Improve the conception rate
 Maintenance of pregnancy
 Parturition
 Retention of placenta
 Uterine, cervical and vaginal prolapse, uterine rupture
 Uterine torsion, pp hemorrhage , c- section, fetotomy
 Endometritis, metritis, pyometra , perimetritis, parametritis, mucometra,
hydrometra, salpingitis, cervicitis, vulvilitis
 Anestrus , anovulation, delayed ovulation
 Cystic ovarian degeneration, repeat breeding syndrome
 Abortion, fetal mummification, fetal maceration,
 Estrus synchronization and induction of parturition
 Post partum recumbency , downer cow syndrome,
Introduction
Indication: drugs and hormones

3. Antibiotics
 Penicillin
 Oxytetracycline
 Aminoglycosides
 Nitrourazone
 Sulphonamides
3
Common drugs and hormones
Hormones
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Progesterone
Estrogen
Prostaglandin
Oxytocin
Ergometrine
Valethamate
Indigenous preparations
Oestrous inducers
Fluid therapy: NS, DNS, D1, D5, Calcium borogluconate
IU therapy: Lugol’s iodine, povidone iodine solution

4. 4
Common drugs
Puerperal period
Non- systemic puerperal metritis
Oxytetracycline: 2-5 gm daily for 3 days carefully infused intra uterine
Systemic puerperal metritis
Oxytetracycline: 2-5 gm daily for 3 days carefully infused intra uterine + parenteral
injection of Procaine penicillin G 9000 IU/kg body weight (IM)
Intermediate post partum period
Most uterine infections have been localised to the uterus and affected cows seldom
show signs of systemic involvement
Intra uterine infusion of oxytetracycline 2 gm for minimum of 3 days
Post ovulatory period
Chronic endometritis of the post ovulatory period is primarily the result of infections
with C. pyogenes and gram negative anaerobic bacteria and sensitive to penicillin
Intrauterine infusion of 10 – 15 lakh IU of procaine penicillin in saline for 3 days
PGF2α 25 mg for 9-10 days after estrus and repeated after another 10 days

5. Hormones
Hormones Indication and dose Preparation
Gonadotropin releasing
hormone (GnRH)
 Endogenous GnRH
Deca-peptide
Secreted by hypothalamus
Causes release of both LH and
FSH from anterior pituitary
Buserelin, Fertirelin and
gonadorelin are the synthetic
analogues of GnRH
Buserelin
Anestrum- 20 µg IM
Repeat after 8-22 days if required
Delayed ovulation and improvement of
conception rate: 5- 10 µg before or at
the time of insemination
Cystic ovaries- 20 µg IM, Repeat after 8-
14 days
Receptal (Hoechst)
Injection form (4 µg/
ml, 10 ml vial)
Fertirelin acetate
Cystic ovaries- 100 µg
Ovalyse (Upjohn)
Injection form (50
µg/ml, 2 ml vial)
Gonadorelin
Delayed ovulation- 500 µg on the day of
insemination
Cystic ovaries- 500 µg repeat after 14
days
Improve the conception rate- 500 µg 5-6
weeks post partum
Fertagyl (Intervet)
Injection form (100
µg/ ml, 5 ml vial)

6. Hormones
Hormones Indication and dose Preparation
Luteinizing hormone
(LH)
Glycoprotein
Secreted by the
anterior pituitary gland
in both male and females
Human chorionic
gonadotropin (hCG)
having LH like activity is
widely used
Female
Delayed ovulation,
Prolonged estrus,
Anovulation- 1000-1500
IU at the time of
insemination, IV or IM
Cystic ovaries- 3000-5000
IU, IM, IV
Male
Deficient of libido- 1500
IU twice weekly for 4-6
weeks IM
Chorulon (Intervet)
Injection: powder for reconstitution.
Chorionic gonadotropin – 1500 units
LH 1500 (Paines and Byrne)
Injection: powder for reconstitution.
Chorionic gonadotropin – 1500 units
Pregnyl (Organon/ Intervet)
Chorionic gonadotropin – 1500 units
Lutormone (Burrough’s and Welcome
co.)
Human chorionic gonadotropin – 500
IU
Progynon (Schering)
Human chorionic gonadotropin –
1000 and 5000 IU

7. Hormones
Hormones Indication and dose Preparation
Follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH)
Glycoprotein
PMSG or eCG having
predominantly FSH like
activity and little LH like
activity
Anestrum- 1500- 3000 IU
Repeat after 10-14 days.
May laeds to ovulation
and hence breeding
should not be done at
the first heat
Superovulation
Folligon (Intervet)
Injection: powder for
reconstitution. Serum
gonadotropin – 1000
units
Follitropin –V (Bioniche)
Contains FSH equivalent
to 400 mg NIH

8. Hormones
Hormones Indication and dose Preparation
Progesterone Improve fertility and
conception rate- 250 –
500 mg of depot
preparation on the 4th
day of AI,
Prevent threatened
abortions- 500 mg of
depot preparation,
repeat 4-5 times at
every 10-15 days
interval
CIDR, PRID, SYNCHRO-
MATE-B:
Estrus induction/
synchronization,
Anestrus, cystic ovaries
Duraprogen injection (Unichem)
17 alpha hydroxyl progesterone Caproate – 250 mg/ml,
2ml amp. (depot)
EAZI BREED CIDR
Intravaginal device, 1.9 gm progesterone, 7-12 days with
PG at the time of removal
PRID (Sonafi)
Intravaginal device, progesterone 1.55 g+ oestradiol
benzoate 10 mg, removed after 12 days followed by
insemination
SYNCHRO- MATE- B
6 mg of norgestomet in the ear implant with infection of
5 mg of estradiol valerate and 3 mg of norgestomet for
IM use. (a single dose 2 ml dose). Implant removed after
9 days followed by insemination
CRESTAR SYSTEM
3 mg Norgestomet and each ml of SMB inj contains 3 mg
Norgestomet and 5 mg estradiol valerate. 3 mg implant +
2 ml SMB inj for 9 days

9. Hormones
Hormones Indication and dose Preparation
Prostaglandins Induction of ovulation,
Synchronization of estrus,
Termination of pregnancy,
Induction of parturition,
Persistent of CL,
Mummified fetus,
Pyometra,
Luteal cyst,
Embryo transfer
Natural- 25 mg IM
Synthetic analog- 0.5 mg IM
Natural : LUTALYSE (Pfizer)- Dinoprost
tromethamine (5 mg/ml, 10 ml, 30 ml vial)
DINOFERTIN injection (Alved)- 5 mg/ml, 5m vial
Synthetic: ESTRUMATE- Injection cloprostenol
sodium salt (250 µg/ml, 10 ml, 20 ml vial
PROSOLVIN (Luprostial)- 7.5 mg/ml
SYNCHROMATE - Cloprostenol – 263 µg/ml, 21
ml vial
JURAMATE (Jurox)- 250 µg/ml, 20 ml vial
ILIREN (Hoechst Roussel)- Tiaprost 0.15 mg/ml,
10 ml vial
FERTIPROSTALINE- 500 µg/ml, 20 ml vial
Oxytocin Caesarean section, postpartum uterine
involution and expulsion of placental debris,
uterine inertia/uterine prolapse
75-100 IU
Syntocinon, oxytocin

10. Hormones
Ergometrine
 Ergot alkaloid
 Induce contraction of uterine smooth muscles and also enable
vasoconstrictor action
 Indication- postpartum bleeding, as to aid uterine involution
Dosage - Cattle, horse 1-3mg (total dose)
Sheep, goat, pig 0.4-1mg (total dose)
Dog 0.2-0.5 mg TID I/M
Cat 0.07- 0.2mg (total dose)

11. Hormones
Valethamate
Anticholinergic
 It is quaternary ammonium compound, with peripheral actions similar to those of
Atropine enabling cervical dilatation.
 Indications - animals-hard cervix in dystocia, inadequate cervical dilatation in
parturition, to prevent cervical and vaginal tear.
Dosage
cattle, mare 40-50mg I/M
Sheep, goat, pig 10-20mg I/M
Dog, cat 5-10mg I/M
e.g. Epidosin vet Inj.- 10mg/ml, 10ml vial, 30ml vial & Epidosin inj.- 8mg/ml,
1ml vial

12. Hormones
Indigenous preparations
Bangshil: post surgical infections, prostitis. Large Animals - 5-10 tabs for 2weeks
Exapar: RFM, delayed involution of uterus, as uterine cleanser, oral- cow, buffalo: 2-
4 boli BID, (If liquid) initial dose 100ml followed by 50ml BID
Myron: urogenital infections, cervicitis, endometritis, vaginitis, atonic reproductive
tract, for uterine involution. Dosage oral- LA- 10 tabs BID for 2-3 weeks
Replanta: promote involution and as uterine cleanser, retention of foetal
membranes
- Dosage (oral powder 100g, 500g), Cow, Buffalo- initial dose 100g, followed by 50-
60g QID
Utrifit liquid: Atony of uterus and associated symptoms, for cleansing of uterus and
to prevent uterine infection, for timely involution of uterus, for improving breeding
efficiency. Dosage (oral Liq. 500ml), Cow, buffalo: 100ml
Utriforte: promote uterine involution, cleansing uterus, retention of foetal
membrane. Animals -20g/100g B.W., BID (oral powder 500g, 1kg, 25kg)

13. Hormones
Oestrous inducers
 Clomiphene: Ovulation inducer, inhibits the negative feedback mechanism of
oestrogen on GnRH, enabling the release of GnRH from hypothalamus, inducing the
ovulation
 Indications- anovulatory oestrus, repeat breeding, delayed puberty, oestrogen
induced tumors
 Dosage- cattle, horse, sheep, goat, pig- 1-1.5mg/kg BW for 5 days
Indigenous preparations for oestrus induction
 Bucofert: cow,buffalo,heifer: 2boli/day for 3 days, repeat on 11th, 12th, 13th day in
case of no estrus signs.
 Janova- cow, buffalo: 3 caps/day for 2days, Repeat after 10 days , in case of absence
of oestrus
Prajana- same as Janova, Sajani- same as Janova

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