Energy Efficient Multi-Channel Routing Protocol

Description Of An Energy Efficient Multi Channel Routing...
Multichannel approach for LEACH
B.Brahma Reddy, ECE, VBIT, Hyderabad, India, reddybb@hotmail.com
K.Kishan Rao, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal, India, prof_kkr@rediffmail.com
Abstract: LEACH TDMA schedules of each cluster are built independently. This can lead to
collisions among clusters if the same channel is allotted to more than one overlapping clusters at the
same time. To reduce this type of interference, in LEACH each cluster communicates using different
CDMA codes. Thus, when a node is elected as CH, it chooses randomly from a list of spreading
codes and informs all the nodes in the cluster to transmit using this spreading code. Hence all
clusters can have intra–cluster communication in parallel. However, in large WSNs, as number of
clusters increases self–noise generated by these codes may cross threshold limit and reach capacity
limit. This forces to look at multiple channel use for improved throughput and energy–efficiency.
We present an energy–efficient multi–channel routing protocol (CFCA) for wireless sensor
networks. By computing the size of each cluster and identifying non–overlapping clusters, the
proposed method allows channel reuse within WSN. This algorithm optimizes number of channels
required for the given WSN.
Key words: LEACH, Collision–free Multichannel, Cross–layer, Beacon–enabled, Energy–
efficiency, Frequency reuse in WSN
I. Introduction
The main goal of communication protocols in WSNs is to maximize energy efficiency in order to
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How Has Communication Changed In The Past Century?
How has communication changed in the past century? Before that question is answered, one must
know what communication is. The book defines communication as the process of transmitting and
understanding information. Communication is also known as the task of imparting ideas and making
oneself understood to others. Good communication can ultimately affect a business's profit. For
example, the way a waitress speaks to a customer could directly influence the sales of a restaurant.
She could talk a table into purchasing another drink or she could make the guest run for the door.
Effective communication plays a pivotal role in the workplace. Effective communication is
accomplished when the transfer of information, meaning and understanding from a sender to a
receiver is successful. Therefore, effective communication requires a two–way exchange of the
proper information. Achieving effective communication is vital to being a successful supervisor.
This is because the majority of the day is spent giving and receiving information. Just like a parent
that wants their child to feel comfortable talking to them about things, a supervisor wants to
encourage an environment for their employees to communicate. Therefore, a supervisor must know
how to receive information and understand the messages sent by employees. Also, just as entry–
level employees must understand their supervisor's instructions, a supervisor must also be able to
fully understand messages given to them from high–level

Code Division Multiple Access
INTRODUCTION:
Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a technology which is used for radio communication
purpose. Multiple access technique is a broad area for communication purpose , CDMA is an
example of multiple access technology, through which several number of transmitter can send
information in a single communication channel. In case of CDMA a particular bandwidth can shared
between several number of users. To permit this technique to achieve without undue interference
between users, spread spectrum technology and a special coding scheme are used by CDMA. In
modern era every people want to use things which is smaller in size, can have more functionality
and cost. This can only possible if we can integrate more and more functionality into a single chip
which helps achieve our objective and demand. To achieve this human wanting the scientists have
developed a new concept that is nanotechnology. Nano implies 10^(–9) which is very small . After
nano scale development, the scientists of the semiconductor had faced many challenges. The greater
challenge was how to combine the Intellectual properties(IP) from various sources quickly and
efficiently. These have been overcome by introducing system on chip technology which is very
grooming topic in modern technology. System on chip mostly called as SOC is a best solution of
combining a number on functionality into a single chip. System on chip is called as bus architecture
based technology. System on chip is

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Communication System
Bureaucracy, Standard Operating Procedures and Standard Working Practices necessary to ensure
consistency can stifle staff engagement and affect performance, limits formal procedures and
processes. Furthermore, standard letters issued to stakeholders, which offer no facility for
amendment or personalisation, can disassociate and weaken customer relationships.
Network channels of communication, their benefits and implications are not considered. Teams are
created purely by location, in order to meet the organisations future vision for 2020. However,
different tasks benefit from different communication networks. For example some roles within TSL
require isolation or home working and would be categorised as a 'wheel ' network whilst others are
based upon a processing system following a 'Y' network structure, see figure 1.5 above. No
consideration has been made to the management of virtual teams where effective communication
needs to be encouraged and managed. This is vitally important, especially if the group has not been
through the five key stages of group development described in the model by Bruce W. Tuckman,
which follows a group from formation and conflict in establishing boundaries, to performing and
finally adjournment when the group disbands.
The key strength of the organisations communication system is YETI and OneFile: TSL's
programme to improve business operations. Since its implementation, it has streamlined business
operations and improved staff engagement by

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Liras
It is obvious to us all how fast the e–commerce sector has grown in our country and in the world.
Indeed, it had been estimated that the trading volume would reach the level of 54, 4 billion Turkish
Liras at the end of 2015 if it, which achieved 30% growth in the first six months of 2015, kept up
the same growth speed in the other half of the year. Within such a coherently growing sector, it has
lately been observed that some e–commerce brands have a paradigm shift towards opening physical
stores; that is, they have a tendency towards starting up physical stores instead of remaining online
only. This system is called "click to brick". Such hybrid structures, which provide a combination of
the digital substructures of online websites and the physical opportunities of retailing like touching
and fitting on, are significant steps in terms of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, it is rapidly becoming a competitive necessity
– disadvantages
Online–offline channel integration can increase tendency of customer to do research shoping. It
means researching from one channel, buying from another channel
Channels may have different specialities by nature on some product or pricing strategies. Then,
complementing eachother can be hard for them.
Lastly, channel integration can become a zero–sum game. While one side is getting all the
advantages, disadvantages can get together totally in the other side
For taking all the advantages and minimizing the disadvantages above mentioned, it is essential to
manage integration process properly for companies who are doing e–commerce and opened up or
planning open up physical stores now. Having "right content" is the vital part of this story, what a
surprise ! Herein, the content of online store should support integration in every sense. In other
words, Inbound Marketing rules are valid again when online–offline channel integration

Essay on Empowering IBM End Users Through Self-Service
Contemplating on how to make IBM End Users feel confident, assured, and empowered through
self–service IT Support
End Users don't want to learn how to use the support site, they just need to use it to resolve the issue
at hand and move on. Displaying a large amount of information to End Users on the support home
page will just overwhelm them and make them feel helpless. The user is more likely to try to get
help by seeking an assisted support channel that is more expensive for the company
Below are few of best practices widely used in the industry....
Make it easy to find and use:
Focus on design simplicity for your self help website
Understand the content most often used by visitors, place this content prominently, and you'll get a
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Make all your content readable at no more than an eighth–grade reading level, such that the average
14 year–old can make sense of the information.
Make sure that the self help content is easy to read and to the point. End Users will likely quickly
scan and flip between pages, to locate the information they are after. Enriching your content with
impactful pictures, graphics, video, bullet points, and bolded text has the effect of forcing the user to
glance at these elements when scanning the page, and likely increase their engagement.
Content written in plain language will increase the effectiveness of the content and will also make it
easier to translate content to other languages. The more complex the language, the more likely it will
be poorly translated or misinterpreted particularly when using automated translation tools.
Offer Multichannel Choice:
Depending on the business climate and need you can to pick the channels you want to offer your
End Users. Make sure you provide a unified experience across multiple channels to delivery the best
of breed End User experience.
Web self–serve support. Directing interactions that are low in complexity but high in volume to the
Self Help Site will result in high self–service rates. End Users will be able to resolve their problems
quickly and effectively while significantly lowering costs.

Social Support (Community's & Forum's). Leveraging the collective

Channel Islands National Park Research Paper
Carson Northcliffe
Mr. Chapman
U.S History
December 2, 2017
Channel Islands National Park
The Channel Islands are located on the coast of Southern California in the Pacific Ocean between
the cities Los Angeles and Santa Maria. Channel Islands National Park are made up of a chain of
eight islands, Anacapa Island, San Miguel Island, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island, San
Clemente, San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, and Santa Catalina Island. In total, the park covers 249,561
acres. The islands are filled with a large variety of animals from land to aquatic. From the center of
channel islands to the coast of Santa Barbara, it is approximately thirty miles, But it takes around
two and a half hours to travel to the islands by boat. Opposed to the almost three–hour boat ... Show
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It is also the position of the discovery of the earliest evidence of humans in North America. The
Channel Islands are at the moment known to have been inhabited by marine Paleo Indian peoples
from at the minimum thirteen thousand years ago. The Chumash people were removed from the
islands in the 19th century and then later on transported to the Spanish missions. For a full century,
the Channel Islands were used for ranching and fishing and that affected the ecosystem. For
example, they were the main reason bald eagles and sea otters have been endangered in southern
California because both of those animals were used as a food source for the Native Americans for
centuries. Most of the Channel Islands is now newly owned by federal agencies to help fix the
redevelopment of the island's ecosystem. They have made a huge impact on the island's ecosystem.
A few of the islands were utilized by fishers and they wanted to specifically hunt for sperm whales
in the 1930's.The Channel Islands aren't highly visited but they have had over 350,000 people visit
the island since 2006 and estimated around 70,000 visitors

Channel Partitioning Essay
In data communication, they are always striving to increase throughput, this would include allowing
nodes to transmit information over a single broadcast link without interfering with each other. To
achieve this, multiple access protocols coordinate the transmission. There are three classes of
multiple access protocols, random access, taking–turns and channel partitioning. With random
access protocol, each node tries to randomly to access the complete broadcast link, without any
regard to the other nodes. Taking–turns protocol utilizes some type of turning mechanism, which
designates which node is allowed to transmit. Channel partitioning protocol divides the channel
(time slots, frequency, code) and assigns them evenly between all of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There are numerous of taking–turn protocols, two are polling protocol and token–passing protocol.
The polling protocol requires one of the node to be designated as a master node. The master polls
each of the nodes in a round–robin fashion. The master first sends a message to node 1, saying that it
can transmit. After node 1 transmits, the master sends a message to node 2 it can transmit The
master determines when a node has finished sending its frames by observing the lack of a signal on
the channel. The procedure continues in this manner, with the master polling each of the nodes in a
cyclic manner. (Kurose 459) An advantage of this type of protocol is it avoids collisions, since nodes
are only allowed to transmit when they are given access to the channel. Disadvantage to polling, are
delays, as transmitters have to wait for the poll and the centralization with the requirement for a
master to conduct the polling, if it fails the entire channel becomes inoperative. Token–passing
protocol there is no master node, instead special–purpose frame known as a token is exchanged
among the nodes in some order. When a node receives a token, it holds onto the token only if it has
some frames to transmit; otherwise, it immediately forwards the token to the next node. If a node
does have frames to transmit when it receives the token, it sends up to a maximum number of
frames and then forwards the token to the next node. (Kurose 459) Advantage of token–passing
protocol is it

Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio-Political...
Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio–Political Ramifications of Media Consolidation
I.INTRODUCTION
In 1996, Congress passed the Telecommunications Act thereby lifting restrictions on media
ownership that had been in place for over sixty years (Moyers 2003; Bagdikian 2000: xviii). It was
now possible for a single media company to own not just two radio stations in any given local
market, but eight. On the national level, there was no longer any limit on the number of stations a
company could own – the Act abandoned the previous nation–wide ownership cap of forty stations
(20 FM and 20 AM). This "anti–regulatory sentiment in government" has continued and in 2004 the
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved a new rule that ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
2004: 3; Chen 2003).
While the phenomenon of rampant media consolidation made possible by the government's
deregulatory practices has been greeted with general enthusiasm by the corporate world, it has left
others in society gravely concerned. Media critics and cultural studies observers have voiced
concerns over the negative consequences they believe accompany the phenomenon. They see the
erosion of the idea that radio is to serve the public interest; they see a stifling of diversity and less
choice for the consumer; and they see a threat to American democracy in the form of a possibly
insurmountable corporate media hegemony. And for many, Clear Channel is "the 'poster child' for
what's wrong with media deregulation" (Cornell Univ. 2004: 66).
Unfortunately however, a February 2004 poll by the Pew Research Center found that "72 percent of
the public has heard nothing about the media ownership [and consolidation] debate" (Connell 2004).
Understanding how corporate mergers and consolidation affect the way in which the media function
(especially in the realms of production and distribution) and how the media in turn directly impacts
our society, our culture, our economy, and our politics – in short, our entire lives – is a necessary

Case Study : The Cooper Processing Company
"The Cooper Processing Company"
MGT 309
Toni Walker
2/14/2015
Dr. Bilbrey
Introduction
Companies strive to choose not only the best marketing channels, but also the best profitable
channel. A profitable channel can promote and successfully sell out of a product that might not
otherwise turn a profit for their producers (New Charter University 2015). "The calculations from
the cost accountant for the retail segment accounts were 60 percent of sales, and for the foodservice
segment accounts were 40 percent. The cost accountant believes that both channels are profitable.
The accountant also believes that the company achieves an overall average gross margin of 60
percent on its sales (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B., ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
First, in aspects of personal selling this cost will be deducted out of the salesperson's salary whereas
all sales personal receive the same amount of salary. Next, the order processing is role of businesses
to deliver consumer products accurately when and where the consumer wants the product is
beneficial to retail grocery stores, supermarkets and Foodservice wholesalers. Making deliveries
order processing top priority will provide the Cooper Company the fortitude to create competitive
prices as well as, make deliveries in a cost–effective manner (Sabri, E. H., Gupta, A. P., & Beitler,
M. A. 2007).
Current Issues
Packaging and labeling of products are other key essential parts of the Cooper Company logistics to
provide satisfaction to their customers. Accurate packaging and labeling can have a direct impact on
the Cooper Company logistical productivity and efficiency (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper,
M. B., & Bowersox, J. C. p.251. 2013). The company's packaging accounts differs for each channel
this entail the retail accounts 80 percent of the packaging cost and Foodservice of 20 percent
(Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B., & Bowersox, J. C. p.465. 2013). "The retail channel
requires "labeling" to accrue the company a 2,000,000 expense includes materials, labor, and
depreciation of the machine.

Marketing Channels
Question: Should companies involve their marketing channels in the design of the promotional
programs? What are the advantages and disadvantages of doing so?
When a company is looking at promoting a new or existing product or service, the involvement of
their marketing channel during the design of the promotional program is key component. According
to the text Excellence in Business (Bovée, Thill, Mescon; p. 417–418), a market channel is the
network of firms that work together to get goods and services from the producer to the customer.
When a company is designing is promotional program, or the manner it wishes to get information
about its product to consumers, it has numerous factors and stakeholders to involve. Walk into any
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If you were to begin trying to increase the marketing of the discussed Web site and tried to make
logical and emotional appeals to various audiences, you must also understand the five promotional
categories as described in Excellence in Business (Bovée, Thill, Mescon; p. 487). Below is a listing
of the five categories and the potential emotional and logical effectiveness of each.
1. Personal selling – Highly effective in both emotional and logical appeals because you have direct
personal face–to–face access with customer and the ability to have a highly flexible message. 2.
Advertising – Highly effective in both emotional and logical appeals by constantly presenting
facts/figures and/or emotional messages to large audiences at the same time through various means.
3. Direct marketing – Somewhat effective for emotional appeals, but highly effective for a logical
appeal. Direct market typically involves non–personal contact with consumers, which could cause
difficulty in creating that emotional appeal. 4. Sales promotions – Highly effective in both emotional
and logical appeals. Companies have the ability to offer special promotions to buyers that if they do
not like a product they will offer a full refund (emotional), to showing how their product is better
than the other company through taste or cost comparisons (logical). 5. Public relations – Somewhat
effective for

Airchair Essay
Overview
Cabletronica U.S. is a mature successful cable and wireless company, which had just made an
acquisition of WorldFurniture in New York. Through several researches, Cabletronica invested
Cushy Armchair in Hong Kong, which strategically related to achieve expanding the scope of
operation. Cushy Armchair is the well–known leader in global reclining chair business and has fully
autonomous business group in 17 countries. Alison Sampson is the new leader of CA with abundant
cable background financial knowledge, who announced new decisions to executives through e–mail
after two weeks on the job. However, two months later, she found that no one responded her
decisions.
Problems:
1. Senior personnel change
The suddenly senior ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Decision
Sampson made several decisions, but there were some problems. At first, Sampson made decisions
only after two weeks on the job. The efficiency of decisions was questionable, based on her limited
experiences and understandings of manufacturing setting and CA's internal operation. Because the
differences across the world, the business groups in 17 countries have autonomy to satisfy the needs
of different customers. Currently Sampson required all advertising campaigns should be co–
ordinated through New York, which was doubt. It is difficult to evaluate the advertising made by
New York experts will achieve customer satisfaction of different countries. However, the
centralization is counter to the general decentralized model of CA. CA used the decentralized model
was sensible and had paid off handsomely compared with inconsequential economies of scales while
national market differences were substantial.CausesThere was a "lack of fit" between process and
task. In this case, the process is the communication system. Because the different corporate cultures,
the different communication systems influenced Sampson cannot achieve her task. In Cabletronica,
using e–mail to communicate is a usual way. In instance, the senior personnel changing as an
important decision, was also announced by the chief operating officer through e–mail. However, it is
not useful in CA.

Channel Island Research Paper
I jumped out of bed on today, June 19, eagerly waiting when I would finally arrive at the Channel
Islands National Park. I have been researching this park for some time, and I couldn't believe that I
was going to spend a few days on these wonderful islands. I got together my tent and my supplies,
and I sooner or later headed out the door.
The boat arrived bright and early, and I spent this time going over research. I read that this park
became a National Park on March 5, 1980. It became a national park due to it attracting many
explorers, scientists, and historians. It is also established because of its natural beauty. To conclude,
I read that there are nine islands, but only five became part of the National Park. When the boat
reached the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is the campsite on Santa Barbara Island. A deer mouse scurried out of my tent as I was getting
ready for bed. This endangered species interested me greatly. As I arose that morning, I enjoyed the
sound of waves. I decided to go to Santa Rosa for my last day in the Channel Islands National Park.
I took an early boat to this island. I was mournful that I couldn't go to all five islands, but I knew
that I can't extend my trip.
When I got off of the boat, I headed to a historic site that I had read about. This place was called Vail
and Vickers Island Ranch. It is about 100 years old and it used to hold 3,000 to 7,000 cattle at a
time! For the rest of the day, I just kind of wandered around the green filled trails.
When I arrived on the boat home, I was very unhappy to be leaving this national park. I had such a
good time! I realized then why these beautiful islands are a national treasure. I got a chance to walk
where early Europeans did. Also, all five islands have unique landmarks and animals that no other
place has. Lastly, the views are breathtaking. I felt so pleased that I got to visit this national park,
and I hope that I can come back

K + Channels
1) Before starting the experiments, Garrett and Rosenthal hypothesized that K+ channels would be
edited as a response to cold. What was the observation from previous studies that led them to make
this prediction? (2pts)
The Hodgkin and Katz study (1949) showed that the rising phase was due to voltage–dependent
Na+ channels, and the falling phase was caused by voltage–dependent K+ channels. With this in
mind, they observed that the potassium channel gating is more temperature sensitive than the
sodium channels.
2) What was the strongest evidence that differences in RNA editing (as opposed to differences in
genomic sequence) caused differences in the K+ channel kinetics of Antarctic and tropical species?
(2pts)
The information gathered ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Was the percentage of editing correlated to environmental temperature or phylogenetic relatedness
between octopus species? (1pt) Explain the experimental evidence that supports your answer (2pts).
It was correlated to environmental temperatures, since phylogenetics could not be the case with 1–5
species of octopus sharing the same genus. Ocean temperatures vary greatly across small ranges:
this is shown with specie 5 compared to species 4 and 1. Although they are very close to each other,
the temperature where specie 6 lives is about 8 degrees Celsius lower than species 1 and 4, which is
a huge difference in temperature sensitivity.
Bonus Question. In Figure 3, the authors examine the effects of the I321V editing on the stability of
the "open state" of the delayed rectifier. What was the evidence that this editing site "destabilized the
open state"? (1pt)
The editing site "destabilized the open state" by making the open duration become much steeper and
quicker compared to the genomic version of the clone. This incurs a decrease in the probability of
the open channels staying in their open state, and prevents action potentials from

Understanding The Importance Of Corporate Communication
1.0 Understanding the Importance of Corporate Communication:
The companies and the organizations communicate through different kinds of channels. All these are
defined under corporate communication. Every single types of communication are important for the
organization. But before discussing the importance we have to know what corporate communication
is. Corporate communication is a combination of different types of activities that are involved to
establish a favorable relation between the stakeholder and the organization. It is very important to
make the communication understandable and reliable to the stakeholders so that the massage is
delivered can serve the purpose of both parties– organization and stakeholders.
According to Richard R. Dolphin corporate communication is not a technique rather than an
approach (The Fundamentals of Corporate Communication, 2009). He stated that the total process
of corporate communication has set into a management discipline. He also mentioned that the
corporate communication is a process that helps an organization to maintain the consistency of
massages that are used for corporate communication and at the same time to ensure the transparency
of that massages.
It is very difficult to define corporate communication in a single sentence because of the broad area
covered by corporate communication. It is a set of different kinds of formal and informal
communication, like management communication, marketing communication, organizational

The Effect Of Calcium Channels On The Brain
Discuss the advantages of potassium channel diversity in the brain.
Introduction
Brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Brain and spinal cord made up part of the
nervous system called central nervous system (CNS). The cerebral cortex which is the largest part of
human brain has more than 100 billion of neurones, and each connected by synapses that
communicate to other neurons (Pelvig DP, et al., 2008). There are several types of ion channels
present along the neurons, one of these is potassium channels. Potassium channels are the integral
membrane proteins that span through phospholipids bilayer of cell surface membrane which rapidly
conduct potassium ions down their electrochemical gradient (Mark S.P. Sansom, et al., 2002). There
are many forms of potassium channels with different functional properties. Therefore, how the
tremendous diversity of potassium channels contribute well to the biological process in brain? It is
vital for us to understand the important of potassium channel diversity and know benefits for the
existence of the potassium channels diversity in the brain?
Diversity of Potassium Channels
Potassium channels are a diverse group of ion channels and have been characterized biophysically.
After the first cloning of genetic mutation Drosophila shaker potassium channels (Jan et al., 1977),
many other potassium channels gene in other organisms have been identified. Walter Stuhmer, et al.,
1989 suggests that the molecular basis for the diversity

Marketing Channels
Running head: DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Distribution Channels and Their Impact on Marketing Strategies
Name:
Institution:
DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of choosing appropriate channel members and also identifies
and discusses criteria that should be used by the car compact disc player manufacturer when
evaluating potential intermediaries for the firm's distribution channel. This is important for this firm
since it's only through these marketing channels that their product is going to reach the consumer.
The customer in this case is the auto makers who are intended to buy the newly developed compact
disc player to fix them in the automobiles. The method for marketing this product is therefore ...
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Bert (1998) explains that the best channel that any manufacturer should prioritize on is one that
makes the end product user happiest, so that they are always willing to buy again the same product
from the same channel member. So it's up to the manufacturer to select a marketing channel that best
serves the interests of the customer.
There are various criteria that are used by the manufacturers to evaluate potential intermediaries for
firm's distribution channel. Among this criteria include
1. Lot size
2. Waiting time
DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
3. Spatial convenience
4. Product variety
5. Service backup
I will discuss each of the above criteria which should be used by the compact disc manufacturer to
evaluate for an appropriate distribution member
Lot size: – this refers to the number of units a typical customer is allowed to buy by a marketing
channel in a particular buying occasion. When the lot number is small, then grater output service
should be provided by the channel (Kotler, 2000). In our case above, if the compact disc player
manufacturer selects a channel member that offers small number of CD players to buying customers,
this means increased costs for the manufacturer, and an alternative channel member should be
sought.

Waiting time and delivery time:–this refers to the length of time that the customer waits, for the
receipt of goods. Customers always prefer delivery

Rhetorical Analysis Essay On Discovery Channel
One with the Planet
Earth is the only planet known to support life. This life has created millions of different species, all
part of a complex food chain and all with a distinct niche. These species all have differing habitats,
ranging from freezing tundras and parched deserts to vast oceans and lavish rainforests. Among
these species, one seems to overpower every other: homosapiens. Humans have made it their duty to
find a way to survive in all sorts of environments, to explore every inch of the planet, and to make
the best of what they discover. There are so many things to do, so many things to create, that
humans are still working to reach their full potential. One such network that shows everything there
is to show is Discovery Channel. In one commercial ad, Discovery Channel uses strong persuasion
skills and rhetorical devices to make viewers feel that the Earth is amazing and that the entire human
race is one large planet–loving group of people, all while luring people to watch their programs.
In this one minute video commercial, Discovery Channel begins by showing two astronauts in outer
space ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The tune was carried to different parts of the world and included divergent professions and
practices. Each clip showed people loving what they do; a few of those things were calming rituals,
some were thrilling experiences, and still others were critical professions. With the change in
experiences came a change in volume. This induced feelings of peace, happiness, and adrenaline on
the viewers, and somehow all of these sentiments were positively linked with the thought of planet
Earth. The simple use of such a variety that incorporates both the traditionally "ugly" and "beautiful"
and the "boring" and "exciting" parts of the Earth into one smooth video leads viewers to embrace
the Earth as a

Old Disney Channel Persuasive Speech
It was late Saturday night, and I was scrolling through channels, and all of a sudden my childhood
flashed before me. To hear the main theme song "Thats So Raven" playing out of my tv speakers;
made me realize how much I missed The Old Disney Channel. I watched and cherished the
moments of faces and theme songs that made my childhood complete that Saturday night; I'm 16
now, but I still watch Disney Channel. Just not the new Disney of course. From where I stand, the
new generation of Disney is complete nonsense, but of course everybody has his or her own
opinion, and it drives me nuts not to smack them upside the head and say " What's wrong with you?
the 90's and 2000's shows were the best.
Some say todays Disney Channel is quite refreshing, the humor is out of this world, or it teaches us
life lessons. Now what does K.C Undercover teach us? How to be spies and capture evil people.
Let's be realistic here! OLD DISNEY CHANNEL WILL ALWAYS BE THE BEST! We need shows
that apply to real life situations, and there was only one era where we learned that from: 90's. " I
don't understand why you're laughing? What's so funny about this show? It's pointless." I find
myself asking these questions regularly when I watch todays Disney Channel. Why do the producers
or directors find it necessary to insert canned ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The show mainly focus on clashing personalities of siblings Ren and Louis. Personally I find it
funny when you have brother and sister bickering at each other, but at the end of the day they
always find a way to make up. It relates to my brother and me. We have our arguments about who
gets to the tv first and who gets to watch what, or taking my stuff without my permission, but at the
end of the day I still love him. I Didnt Do It will never be funny, nor will it ever have that true
bonding experience as Even Stevens

Case Study: The Channel Island Foxes
The Channel Island foxes are North America's tiniest (and cutest) wild canids.
Remarkably, a full grown adult weighs a mere FOUR pounds! A thick coat of reddish–brown to gray
fur and a small frame makes them easy to identify. For thousands of years, they occupied six of
eight Channel Islands. However, they have never been more endangered than they are now.
Until the 1990's sent the foxes on a downward spiral, they flourished in their island habitat. Why? In
a 1920's expedition a biologist wrote that there was not a "foe to prey upon them." The only animals
that posed a remote threat were bald eagles. The eagles ignored the foxes, mainly feeding off of sea
life such as fish. In fact, up until the 1990's a count showed 1,500 foxes living ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
DDT is a chemical that is widely known for is properties as an insecticide. When humans discovered
this "wonder product" the whole country was on fire! The one company that made the most money
was Montrose Chemical Corporation. From 1942 – 1971, when DDT was banned, the MCC pumped
out DDT tons at a time. However, the bigshots were faced with a problem. Where do you dump all
the leftover byproduct? Hey, why not the ocean! When DDT byproduct, DDE, was dumped into the
ocean, fish and other seafood had it leached into them. This meant the bald eagles' main food source
was contaminated. When the bald eagles ingested their main source of food, the DDE became very
concentrated in them. When bald eagles attempted to lay eggs, barely any would hatch! The DDE
caused their eggs to be porous, and the eggs fail to hatch. This meant the bald eagles' total extinction
on the Channel Islands by the 1950's.
With the bald eagles now gone, the role of top predator on the Islands was left open.
For years, the golden eagles, a huge threat to the foxes, had been kept away by the bald eagles. Not
anymore! The goldens jumped on this chance and swooped in. Immediately, foxes slowly began
dying. As the population of foxes rapidly began to decrease, this left the people studying them
scratching their heads. A 1994 study conducted by Gary Roemer answered all the questions. 90% of
fox carcasses showed evidence of golden harm. Surely, the delicate woven infrastructure of the
island

Marketing Channels
Charlotte Langston
Marketing Channels
The marketing channel(s) that will be used to distribute that product and the reason why these
channels were selected
Our marketing channels which will be used to distribute the household cleaning products are direct
and indirect to consumers and direct and indirect to businesses.
Direct selling is a dynamic, vibrant, rapidly expanding channel of distribution for the marketing of
cleaning products. Direct marketing presents the product and service directly to consumers in a face
to face manner, generally in their homes or homes of others, at their workplace and other places
away from permanent retail location. Direct sales typically occur through explanation or person
demonstration by an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The best way to sell our product is on a one on one with the retailer. Through interaction we could
assure the retailer that we are capable of servicing their needs. Personal selling is extremely
effective. It is open to greater freedom to satisfy customer informational needs. Especially when
selling our product in a highly competitive environment. In perspective, we have the opportunity to
sell our cleaning product to a retailer which sells a host of other products similar to ours. It gives us
the opportunity to differentiate our product from our competition. It allows us to interact with
potential buyers and we will gain feedback from the retailer. By personal selling our cleaning
product we can convey important information about our product to the retailer and by doing so,
build our brand and develop relationships.
To promote our cleaning product, we could use displays and counter space to attract the customer.
We could offer the customers "buy one and get one free" promotions or coupons to give them more
of a product for a lesser cost. We could give the potential buyer/retailer the opportunity to display
our cleaning product on a trial basis. We can offer discount incentives to the retailer. We could base
our principal selling technique on the retailers customer needs and desires (depending on the
channel). Personal selling will allow us to interact with the retailer to increase their knowledge about
our product.

International Marketing Channels
. ORANA uses both its own sales staff and independent distributors to increase retail sales in
Vietnam. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this strategy. ORANA realized the huge
opportunity in covering new market areas due to the increasing demand in Vietnam as an emerging
market, many indications showed that annual sales has a potential growth rate of around 20%, due to
the increasing purchasing power, the middle class is growing, and people are willing to try new
products. Therefore ORANA wanted to take the opportunity of being a fast mover and expanded its
distribution from Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), to the central and northern parts of Vietnam, by
starting direct sales through independent distributors instead of relying ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
* Population Distribution: The northern and specialy central parts of Vietnam are mainly rural areas
with a very low population density in some parts. (Map 3.2) * Poverty: The majority of the poor are
farmers who live in rural, isolated, mountainous or disaster prone areas, the households often have
many children, the poor are disproportionately likely to be from an ethnic minority, In the rural
areas, households with average income of US $150 (Wikipedia) are regarded as poor households.
Poverty line percentage for Vietnam's households was estimated 12 percent at the end of 2011.
(Wikipedia). For ORANA to collect this information will cost time and money, besides in some
countries locals may not cooperate with foreigners just because of lack of understanding, or cultural
reasons. – Instant access to market by utilizing local distributers Network: The local distributers
already have established distribution Networks, and most probably a complex one to deal with
Vietnam special demographic and geographic elements which is difficult for ORANA to duplicate
alone. – Power dependent theory (PDT): By using both own sales staff and local distributers
ORANA reduces the power dependence on local distributers which will also lead to less
opportunism, and on the long run ORANA will adapt and gain the

Structure Function Analysis Of Sodium Channels
Structure Function Analysis of Sodium Channels in Human iPSC–derived Neurons
Keywords: iPSC, sodium channel, electrophysiology, neuron, inactivation
Background: Neuronal excitability mediated by sodium–dependent action potentials (APs) is
required for rapid and specific communication in our brains. This underlies our ability to sense and
respond to stimuli and for higher order cognitive functions including learning and memory. Voltage
gated sodium channels (NaVs) open in response to membrane depolarization and initiate the AP. The
α subunit is the major functional unit of NaVs and is comprised of 4 homologous domains (DI–
DIV), each containing 6 transmembrane segments (S1–6)4,5. S4, the voltage sensor that detects
depolarization, contains 4–8 positively charged amino acids each separated by two hydrophobic
residues4,6. The positive charges on S4 are pushed outward by the electric field during membrane
depolarization leading to channel opening, allowing influx of positively charged sodium ions down
their concentration gradient4. Fast inactivation helps return the membrane to rest by blocking the
conductance of sodium ions through the channel pore 1,2.
Studies in expression systems suggest that the DIVS4 plays a unique role in inactivation1,2,3,6.
Recent wholeWhole genome sequencing data associated with human disease identify other
potentially important amino acid in the DIVS45,8. Two mutations of the 4th positive charge in
DIVS4 (aka 4R4), 4R4H (arginine to histidine) and

A Brief Note On Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Abstract
Voltage gated sodium channels are fundamental players in animals physiology. By triggering the
depolarization of the lipid membrane they enable generation and propagation of the action potential.
The involvement of these channels in numerous pathological conditions makes them relevant target
for pharmaceutical intervention. Therefore, modulation of sodium conductance via small molecule
binding constitutes a promising strategy to treat a large variety of diseases. However, this approach
entails significant challenges: voltage gated sodium channels are complex nanomachines and the
details of their workings have only recently started to become clear. Here we review ¬¬– with
emphasis on the computational studies – some of the major milestones in the long–standing search
of a quantitative microscopic description of the molecular mechanism and modulation of voltage–
gated sodium channels.
Introduction: Physiological Role of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs)
Cells respond to stimuli from the environment by enabling the passage of ions across the plasma
membrane, a process that results in the propagation of an electrical signal. Ion channels are the key
players of this process, the membranes of excitable cells are studded with a myriad of these integral
membrane proteins, which transduce chemical and electrical stimuli into currents of charged
chemical species (Hille, 2001). Owing to their pivotal role in cell physiology, a large number of
genes encode for ion

How Can You Become A Better Leader?
In this website, you will be able to find information about how you can become a better leader in
relevance to the subject of organizing. On this website, you will be able to learn in great detail about
3 different lessons which are all related to the topic of organizing. Along with this, you will also be
able to view a case study done on a business which is based around challenges that the organization
faces in terms of organizing. Elemental Inc. Currently at Element Inc., there are many problems that
need to be resolved, in order to prevent our talented employees from leaving our company. As one
of the current leaders of the Human Resources department of the company, I have a few suggestions
I'd like to make in order to help our company reach success and eliminate this problem. The issue
we have at hand is that, all of our highly–talented employees are leaving to work for other
companies. Since we are such a small business, we cannot afford to lose our talented employees.
With each employee we lose, we must replace. This leads to many costs related to finding
replacements and overall, this causes a disruption to occur in the company. Due to Elemental Inc.
being a particularly small business, the employees we have trained become captivated by larger
businesses as they lure them in by offering "more" benefits at work. We must make a change as soon
as possible as this problem has been occurring for many years, and the loss of valuable employees is
becoming a huge hassle

Fashion Channel Case Hbr Essay
Case Report–1: The Fashion Channel
1) What is expected outcome of each of the targeting scenarios? (complete both the Ad Revenue and
Financial calculators to fully understand the financial impact of the scenarios)
Ad Revenue Calculator | | | | | | | Current | 2007 Base | Scenario 1 | Scenario 2 | Scenario 3 | TV HH |
110.000.000 | 110.000.000 | 110.000.000 | 110.000.000 | 110.000.000 | Average Rating | 1,0% | 1,0%
| 1,2% | 0,8% | 1,2% | Average Viewers (Thousand) | 1100 | 1100 | 1320 | 880 | 1320 | Average CPM*
| $2,00 | $2,00 | $1,80 | $3,50 | $2,50 | Average Revenue/Ad Minute** | $2.200 | $2.200 | $2.376 |
$3.080 | $3.300 | Ad Minutes/Week | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | 2016 | Weeks/Year | 52 | 52 | 52 ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although there is a cost of 20 million on programming, having average rating 1,2% with a relatively
high CPM makes Ad Revenue higher and as a result Net Income becomes $168 million. Net income
in Scenario 2 is $151 million lower than Scenario 3, whereas Scenario 1 has the lowest $77 million.
2) Analyze the segmentation options and discuss pros and cons of each.
Scenario1:
Targeting on women aged 18 to 34, with a cross segment strategy by focusing on on Fashionistas,
Planners & Shoppers and Situationalists.
Advantages:
Increase in rating from 1.0 to 1.2 with the increase in awareness and viewing of the channel by
investing in a major marketing and advertisement campaign. We can expect promising returns in the
long run with the rise of popularity of the network.
Disadvantages:
While the level competition is getting higher, we cannot wait for the long run, what we need is
instant return for short run. The strategy does not put an end to competition to gain Premium
segments so there is a risk of facing lower CPM. Since there is no real change in viewers' type and
programming, the CPM will drop by 10% or more and

Case Study Of Channel 4 And Desperate Housewives
It was said that American TV drama Desperate Housewives and other shows allowed Channel 4 to
hold on to both advertisers and audiences due to high profits (after tax of £48.5 million, an increase
of nine per cent). Therefore, the case study of Channel 4 and Desperate Housewives is the
demonstration of whether American programmes on British screens are the process of cultural
interaction. Desperate Housewives was screened on Channel 4's E4. "E" stands for entertainment, up
to ahead of one week before other Channel 4 broadcasts. As a youth–focused channel, Channel 4 is
mainly aimed at the 15–35–year–old youth demographic and has a history of broadcasting popular
American comedy programme such as Desperate Housewives (ABC, USA, 2004–2012), How I Met
Your Mother (20th Television, 2005–2014), Ugly Betty (ABC, USA, 2006–2010) and Friends
(Warner Bros. Television, 1994–2004). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the summer of 2008, Big Brother took up the 9 pm or 10 pm slots every day and left no room for
Desperate Housewives on the schedules. Therefore, American imported programmes serve as a role
of filling a programme gap when British broadcasters fail to. This could also be explained from the
historical perspective of American programmes on the British screen. Dating back to the mid–1980s,
the majority of imports, mostly American, tended to be used in expanding off–peak slots. The
competitive advantage lay in indigenous productions over foreign imports was deemed to be a
strategy of British channels. By using domestic programmes, these channels hoped to appear more
distinctive than the smaller terrestrial and newer satellite and cable channels that were relying
heavily on American programmes (Rixon

Viabiliy of News Channels in India
ASSIGNMENT
OF
PM
TOPIC: VIABILITY OF NEWS CHANNELS IN INDIA
[pic]
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
MR. SATINDER KUMAR SURJEET SINGH (LECTURER) MBA II (D) 5918
SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA
INTRODUCTION
TELEVISION NEWS media is one of the most important catalysts that has an invariably important
role to play in shaping up public opinions, sentiments, and dogmas by promulgating accurate and
desirable information and knowledge. Due to its vast intrusion in public life, it has the power of
creating an enduring impact on society and culture of a region. Today, TV news channels in India
are facing a qualitative crisis pertaining to disseminated content in the package ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In other words we can say that these are popular in metro cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata,
Chennai etc. these channels can be seen in small cities. But these are not as important in small cities
as in big cities.
Level of news given by English news channels
If there is a issue about the level of news channels. then English news channels are very appropriate.
News given by these news channels are 90% real. English news channels give real news as much as
possible. so it can be said that these are better than Hindi news channels. However news channels
have much importance in metropolitan cities but we come to small cities, there are some problems
occur because more than 65% Indian population live in villages & nearby areas. They are mostly
illiterate in these areas . English is beyond their thinking.
HINDI NEWS CHANNELS

AZAD NEWS NDTV INDIA ZEE NEWS AAJ TAK DD NEWS SAHARA SAMAY TEZ INDIA
TV INDIA NEWS P–7 NEWS STAR NEWS LIVE INDIA CNEB NEWS 24 A TO Z NEWS
FOCUS TV IBN–7 TOTAL TV TV100
VIABILITY OF HINDI NEWS CHANNELS: Hindi is the national language of India. It is the most
spoken language of India also. So most people prefer to watch Hindi news channels. The list of
Hindi news channels is very long. But only a few of them give relative information. There is no
objection by the la to broadcast any channel. So most private channels have made it as a

Small Molecule Of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Small Molecule Modulation of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Vincenzo Carnevale and Michael L. Klein
Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Temple University,
Philadelphia, PA 19122
Abstract
Voltage gated sodium channels are fundamental players in animals physiology. By triggering the
depolarization of the lipid membrane they enable generation and propagation of the action potential.
The involvement of these channels in numerous pathological conditions makes them relevant target
for pharmaceutical intervention. Therefore, modulation of sodium conductance via small molecule
binding constitutes a promising strategy to treat a large variety of diseases. However, this approach
entails significant challenges: voltage gated sodium channels are complex nanomachines and the
details of their workings have only recently started to become clear. Here we review ¬¬– with
emphasis on the computational studies – some of the major milestones in the long–standing search
of a quantitative microscopic description of the molecular mechanism and modulation of voltage–
gated sodium channels.
Physiological Role of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs)
To respond to changes in the external environment, cells propagate electrical signals generated by
transient, highly controlled transmembrane ionic currents.
Responsible for this process are ion channels, ubiquitous proteins that reside in membranes of
excitable cells and convert chemical and electrical stimuli

Distribution Channels
31
THE RETAIL
DISTRIBUTION
CHANNEL
C H A P T E R
2
Early in 2005, IBM Business Consulting Services released a survey that compiled in–depth
interviews with more than 100 sales, marketing, and merchandising executives at over 20 consumer
products and retail companies. Only 9 percent of the retailers felt their suppliers had "a good
understanding" of their business objectives. The gist of the survey was that retailers felt the product
manufacturers have focused their efforts on the end users of the products (the consumers), without
giving as much priority to the needs of the other members of their distribution channels–namely, the
retailers to whom they sell.1
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
There are several types of participants that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These distinctions between various types of stores will be important as we discuss their participation
in certain distribution channels.
Wholesalers
Wholesalers are intermediaries or middlemen who buy products from manufacturers and resell them
to the retailers. They take the same types of financial risks as retailers, since they purchase the
products (thereby taking legal responsibility for them), keep them in inventory until they are resold
to retailers, and may arrange for shipment to those retailers. Wholesalers can gather product from
around a country or region, or can buy foreign product lines by becoming importers. The term
"wholesale" is often used to describe discount retailers (as in
"wholesale clubs"), but discounters are retailers, not technically wholesalers.
And in B2B channels, wholesalers may be called distributors.
Agents and Brokers
Agents (sometimes called brokers) are also intermediaries who work between suppliers and retailers
(or in B2B channels), but their agreements are different, in that they do not take ownership of the
products they sell. They are independent sales representatives who typically work on commission
based
Participants in the Distribution Channel 33 on sales volume, and they can sell to wholesalers as well
as retailers. In B2B arrangements, this means they sell to distributors and end users.
Resident sales agents are good examples in retail. They reside in the country to which they sell
products,

The K+ Channel, A New Hope For a Better Understanding Essay
The K+ Channel, A New Hope For a Better Understanding
The axons of our neurons are the pathway for the communication that exists in our nervous system.
This communication takes the form of an electric signal, also called an action potential. The action
potential occurs due to a change in voltage across the membrane of the axon. The change in voltage
is achieved by a change in the concentrations of the ions, Na+, Ca+, and K+(1) . The cell starts with
a large concentration of potassium ions, K+, inside the cell, and a large concentration of sodium
ions, Na+, outside the cell. The action potential propagates down the axon due to openings and
closing of different channels allowing changing of the concentrations of the ions(10). ... Show more
The K+ returns to the inside of the cell through a pump that exchanges it for Na+ so that there is
little voltage change.
Scientists have struggled for a long time to understand how voltage–gated channels work. "How and
where changes in the structure of the voltage–sensing domains [work] to gate ion conduction is not
understood," said Li–Smerin et al. in a paper published in February 2000(2). Since then research in
the field of voltage–gated channels has reached great heights. Now, scientists view K+ channels as
those that are best understood(3). There have been multiple experiments done to determine the
structure of the channel through x–ray crystallography, flourometry, and mutagenesis(2)(4). That
picture has been almost perfected. Mutations have been done to determine structures that have a big
influence on the voltage sensing and gating properties of the channel. For example, Li–Smerin et al.
did a series of 37 mutations that led to two groups that they call the major impact and the minor
impact residues(2). They were defined as being major or minor depending on how great of an affect
the mutation had on the functionality of the resulting channel. When the major residues were
mapped on the structure the scientists could make references as to what kind of contribution the
original residue had.
The structure of the channel consists of four subunits, each with six helical segments, referred to

Potassium ( K + ) Channels
Potassium (K+) channels are ubiquitous throughout biological systems as they are found in many
different cell types including prokaryotes, eukaryotes and archaea. (However, for the scope of this
exam, the examples will be limited to K+ channels found in neurons.) They are tetrameric integral
membrane proteins that assemble to form transmembrane aqueous pores. Their basic function is to
allow the passive flow of potassium ions down an electrochemical gradient rapidly and with high
specificity. The high specificity of these channels is crucial in excitable cells such as neurons as they
are able to exclude sodium ions (Na+) despite the sub–angstrom difference between ionic radii,
which allows for the establishment of ion gradients as well as a delayed flow between sodium and
potassium ions to shape action potentials. This specificity also allows the channels to establish and
maintain the resting potential in many cells.
All potassium channels have a distinctive, universal feature of two transmembrane (TM) helices and
a short loop ("P loop") between them that lines the top of the pore and is responsible for potassium
selectivity. This canonical feature is referred to as 2TM/P. In terms of membrane topology, there are
two broad classes of K+ channels: 1) the two–transmembrane–helix (2TM/P) subunit, typical of the
inward rectifying (KIR) channels and, 2) the 6–transmembrane–helix (6TM/P) subunit, typical of
voltage–gated (KV ) subtypes. It must be noted that the 6TM/P

Marketing Channels
Marketing channels
Term paper
Prepared by: Essam Eldin Khater
Marketing Channels literature review
To reach a target market, the marketer uses marketing channels.
The marketer uses distribution channels to display, sell, or deliver the physical product or service(s)
to the buyer or user. They include distributors, wholesalers, retailers, and agents.
The marketer also uses service channels to carry out transactions with potential buyers. Service
channels include warehouses, transportation companies, banks, and insurance companies that
facilitate transactions. Marketers clearly face a design challenge in choosing the best mix of
communication, distribution, and service channels for their offerings.
Successful value ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The marketing department, responding to customer demand, communicates with several distributors
and retailers as it attempts to determine ways to satisfy this demand. Information shared between
supply chain partners can only be fully leveraged through process integration.
Supply chain business process integration involves collaborative work between buyers and
suppliers, joint product development, common systems and shared information. According to
Lambert and Cooper (2000), operating an integrated supply chain requires a continuous information
flow. However, in many companies, management has reached the conclusion that optimizing the
product flows cannot be accomplished without implementing a process approach to the business.
To streamline the supply chain and cut costs, many manufacturers and retailers have adopted
efficient consumer response (ECR) practices to organize their relationships in three areas:
(1) Demand side management or collaborative practices to stimulate consumer demand by
promoting joint marketing and sales activities.
(2) Supply side management or collaborative practices to optimize supply (with a focus on joint
logistics and supply chain activities).
(3) Enablers and integrators, or collaborative information technology and process improvement tools
to support joint activities that reduce operational problems, allow greater standardization, and so on.
Research has shown that although ECR has a positive impact on

The Fashion Channel Case Study
CASE BRIEF – THE FASHION CHANNEL
A. Problem Statement
The problem that the Fashion Channel faces is the selection of the right segmentation and
positioning strategy in order to maintain its position as a leader in Fashion Channel networks in
addition to boosting its revenues and viewership ratings.
B. Situation Analysis
Company:
Customers:
Competition:
Collaborators:
Context:
C. Alternatives
Investment in Brand Recognition: Fashion Channel can look into boosting its revenues through
investment in brand recognition opportunities like sponsoring or conducting fashion shows,
updating website, conducting workshops across schools or colleges dedicated to fashion, promoting
new fashion enthusiasts and/or designers etc.
Advantages
It will help Fashion Channel reach higher masses through awareness instead of just the regular cable
tv viewership. A larger younger population of fashion enthusiasts will get to know about the Fashion
Channel and understand its importance in their respective careers and interests. Additionally, more
fashion enthusiasts will be able to subscribe to the Fashion Channel not only through cable tv, but
also through its website. Therefore, adding additional viewership and boosting Fashion Channel
revenues.
Another advantage is that it will be able to build its brand within the fashion industry like
sponsoring or conducting fashion shows will attract people from all over the fashion industry thus,
helping the Fashion Channel gain more

Channels of Distribution
CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Even before a product is ready for market, management should determine what methods and routes
will be used to get there. This means establishing strategies for the product distribution channels and
physical distribution.
Managing a distribution channel often begins with a producer; therefore we will discuss channels
largely from a producer's vantage point.
MIDDLEMEN AND DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Ownership of a product has to be transferred somehow from the individual or organization that
makes it to the consumer who needs and buys it.
For goods they have to be physically transported from where they are produced to where they are
needed but as for services they can't be stripped but rather are produced and consumed in ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To design distribution channels that satisfy customers and outdo competition, an organized approach
is required which includes a sequence of four decisions;
Specify the role of distribution
Select the type of channel– at this point the firm has to determine whether middlemen will be used
in its channel and if so which type of middlemen
Determine intensity of distribution i.e. the number of middlemen used at wholesale and retail levels
in a particular territory.
Choose specific channel members– select the specific firms to distribute the product.
SELECTING THE TYPE OF CHANNEL
Firms may rely on existing channels or they may device new channels to better serve current
customers and to reach new prospectors.
Direct distribution is a channel consisting only of producers and final customers with no middlemen
providing assistance.
Indirect distribution is a channel of producer, final consumer and at least one level of middlemen.
MAJOR DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Five channels are widely used in marketing tangible products to ultimate consumers; ❖ Producer–
consumer; simplest distribution channel for consumer goods and involves no middlemen. The
producer may sell it from door to door or by mail ❖ Producer–retailer–consumer; many large
retailers buy directly from manufacturers and agricultural producers. ❖ Producer–wholesaler–
retailer–consumer; if there is a traditional channel for

Marketing Channels : A Marketing Channel
1. Marketing channels are the courses to advertise used to offer each item and administration that
buyers and business purchasers buy all around on the planet. An advertising channel is an
arrangement of reliant association required during the time spent making an item or administration
accessible for use or utilization (Coughlan, 2006). A marketing channel can be characterized as trade
connections that make client esteem in the securing, utilization, and attitude of items and
administrations. Promoting channels dependably rise out of an interest that commercial center needs
be better off. Nonetheless, advertises and their necessities never quit evolving; hence, showcasing
diverts work in a condition of consistent change and should always adjust to go up against those
progressions. From its beginning to its contemporary standing, the advancement of promoting
channels thought can be partitioned into four phases. (Pelton, 2002) There are four sorts of
marketing channel: correspondence, appropriation, administration and production network. The sort
of showcasing channel of Bike Obsession is administration and store network. The Bike Obsession
acquires benefits by offering different sorts of adornments, which are outlined by the proprietor.
Inventory network is the showcasing channel to get clients for the owner. In store network, it is
about the procedure of making crude materials into completed items for deals. At the end of the day,
store network is likewise called esteem

Channel Islands Invaded By Simon Hamon
C. Evaluation of Sources
Channel Islands Invaded compiled by Simon Hamon is a collection of first–hand accounts from the
citizens living on the Channel Islands during the German occupation from 1940 to 1945. The
purpose of the compilation is to reveal the personal thoughts of those involved in the occupation and
report the daily occurrences on the Channel Islands. The book's values are evinced in the
compilation of sources that were in close proximity to the occupation. Primary sources of the
document provide unaltered perspectives of the islanders. The authors of the sources give the
perspective of a variety of social classes, from officials to regular people. The limitations are shown
through the possibility of censorship by the British or German governments to hide the true nature
of the occupation. As some documents are taken from public debates and newspapers, opinions may
be sensationalized to persuade citizens into supporting a cause, while the perspective of the
occupiers is not shown as prevalently as that of the citizens.
The British Channel Islands Under German Occupation, 1940–1945 by Paul Sanders is a study of
the German occupation of the Channel Islands from 1940 to 1945 written and published in 2005 in
Great Britain. The purpose of the book is to assess the occupation with a holistic viewpoint in
examining the lives of citizens to rectify misconceptions about the event and present alternative
views. The values are evinced in its objectivity in assessing the

Auto Channels Essay
It might appear to be senseless, yet changing your auto channels all the time can significantly affect
motor life and execution.
Here in Los Angeles, where we have our publication workplaces, the premises have an idiom:
"Never inhale air you can not see." While the editors of Edmunds.com, an every day stroll through
this droop of particulates and CO2 discharges in the suction and nitrous oxide, our autos have the
benefit of air filtration.
There is a major issue with this photo? Would it be a good idea for us to won't be the most covers on
their countenances and a program of consistent support to change the channel?
In any case, nooooo. We are excessively bustling driving autos of the press, taking notes, shooting
pictures, opening ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It won't require investment, spares cash, and sends his auto out and about crisp and recharged. A
stopped up air channel or fuel can cause poor execution, cost to the fuel pump, and abbreviate motor
life. This basic strategy against the watchmen.
How regularly would it be advisable for you? A decent general guideline is on more than one
occasion a year, or about once every 12000 miles.
Change the air channel
In any event, figure out how to change their own particular air channel. It's speedy and simple and
spares cash.
In what way? All things considered, I think: When was the last time they went to Quick Lube–N–
Tune occurred on mechanical and hit him with "Hello Bud, you require another air channel." After
you wink and perceive how it adds to the bill. What amount? $ 7.99? $ 9.99? $ 12.99? Hell, even we
have seen $ 14.99.
There is an old joke about the production of the universe with the turn of phrase: "Well, some person
needed to pay retail." Maybe so. However, not really.
One of our occupations here at Edmunds.com is to engage you. Try not to give them a chance to
stick to you. Figure out how to state "no" – there is no law against it. Basically say, "I'm

experiencing now," or "Thank you, I will see it," and go home after the oil change and do this
technique you – assuming, in fact, truly should be finished.
To start with, stop your auto in the shade and pop the hood. Prop up to what you don't hit in the
head, and

Technology : Evidence Of Best Practices
IV. Harnessing Technology
Evidence of "best practices"
While J.Crew is not known for having a mobile app or being public about their technological tricks,
they are no stranger to using the Internet to get their messages and style across. J.Crew has a strong
presence on social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter. They tweet constantly and post
pictures multiple times a day. This keeps the customers involved in the retail experience. Often
times J.Crew will post pictures on Instagram simply of leaders of the company featuring their
clothing. These accounts give a look into the quirkiness of the company and what they strive for in
terms of style.
Another great practice of J.Crew's is their involvement in social and environmental ... Show more
This means that the associates are able to use the mobile website at checkout to order the customer 's
clothing. This merchandise can then be shipped to the customer's house with free shipping. More
and more businesses like J.Crew are doing this because not only does it raise sales in the brick and
mortar stores but it also urges customers to come to the stores to shop.
Another way J Crew collects information is through its online ordering system. When a customer
checks out, they are able to create an account that holds the billing information and shipping
address. J Crew then has access to all the necessary information they need to send you catalogs in
the mail or emails or upcoming promotion. This is a great tool to use to keep the customer interested
and cross them into all channels the J Crew has to offer.
Database development and management J Crew, like other omni channel retailers, has a lot of data
to keep up with. According to the 2014 Annual report in order to monitor orders, finances,
accounting, manufacturing, and distribution J Crew used a third party data collector. This way the
company has all the data organized in one place and can focus on the integrity of the brand. J Crew
also uses a point–of–purchase program which tracks inventory daily. The call center database,
storage facilities, and warehouse locators are also updates continuously, having been built for times
of the highest volumes. In addition, stress test are often run on

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