Year 10 Science Medical Science Human Biology

1. Year 10
Ms Gibellini

2.  Identify the major bones of the skeleton and describe its
function
 Understand the concept of antagonistic muscles
 Label major features of a synovial joint
 Identify the major features and functions of the human
circulatory system
 Outline the basic composition of human blood
 Identify the major features and functions of arteries, veins
and capillaries
 Label the features of the human heart.
 Understand the basic process of respiration
 Identify the major features of the human respiratory
system
 Describe the mechanics of breathing
 Distinguish between respiration and breathing
 Identify the features of the male and female reproductive
systems
 Explain how fertilisation occurs in humans

3.  http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/sci
ence/animal_support_systems/index.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/sci
ence/how_my_body_moves/index.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/sci
ence/body_frame_functions/index.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/primary/sci
ence/body_frame_skeleton/index.html

4. Protect organs
Support
Makes red blood cells
Used to create movement with
muscles

8.  When a muscle contracts (shortens) it pulls on
the tendon which pulls on the bone to cause
movement.
 Muscles work in pairs because they can only pull,
not push (one pulls arm up, other pulls arm
down)
 Pairs of muscles work in the opposite direction –
antagonistic pairs
 Tendons connect muscle to bone
 Ligaments link bones

10.  Many animals have skeletal systems that are very
similar to ours.
 Our leg is very much like that of a chicken leg
including:
• femur (thigh bone)
• knee (hinge joint)
• fibula and tibia (smaller bones of the shin)
• cartilage
• ligaments
 These are all part of our skeletal system. Beyond
that, we also have similar muscle structure, tendons,
fat, and skin. We will be exploring each of these
similar characteristics.

12. Tissue Colour Stretchiness Hardness
Are Fibres
Visible?
Thickness
(mm)
Skin
Muscle
Tendon
Ligament
Cartilage

13. Tissue Colour Stretchiness Hardness
Are Fibres
Visible?
Thickness
(mm)
Skin
white No Soft No 1mm
Muscle
Pink Yes Soft Yes 30mm
Tendon
White No Very hard No 2mm
Ligament White/
grey
No Soft No 2mm
Cartilage
White No Soft No
3mm

21. Dissecting a Chicken Leg
Check for Understanding
Match the Vocabulary word to the correct definition:
cartilage
ligament
tendon
fat
skin
muscle
blood vessel
bone
joint
A). Fibers that contract and relax to effect body movement
B). An elastic tube through which blood circulates.
C). A tough, semi-rigid, calcified part of the skeleton
D). connects two bones together.
E). protective covering
F). It covers the surface of joints, allowing bones to slide over
one another, thus reducing friction and preventing damage.
Keeps bones from touching one another.
G). connects muscle to bone
H). A point of connection between two movable parts
I). is important in energy metabolism, heat insulation and
cushioning. A yellow jelly-like substance.
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____

22.  http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/
biology/pc/learnPathLessons/LPL3/frameset.
htm
 http://e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/EN/blood_circul
ation/base.htm?cs_value=1&mastery_score=0
29/01/2015

23. 29/01/2015
Transports nutrients, water, and
oxygen to your billions of body cells so
they can function
Carries away wastes such as carbon
dioxide that body cells produce.
Parts of the Circulatory System
The Heart
The Blood
Blood Vessels – Arteries, veins,
capillaries

24.  http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/
biology/pc/learningsteps/SOHLC/launch.htm
l
 http://www.e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/Liquid_Animatio
n/Body_Parts/Blood/index.html
29/01/2015

25. 29/01/2015
Blood carries food, oxygen and
hormones to the cells around your
body, it removes wastes, carbon
dioxide and extra heat from the
cells.
Blood is made up of:
• Plasma – saline solution, blood
is mostly this
• Red blood cells – transport CO2
& O2
• Blood platelets – clotting agent
• White blood cells – fight
infection

26. 29/01/2015

28. 29/01/2015

29. 29/01/2015

32.  Gases move from high to low concentration
 CO2 moves out of cells and into blood
 O2 moves out of blood and into cells

33.  Ribs, diaphragm and lungs move to change
pressure to cause air to move in and out of
lungs
 Inhaling oxygen
 Exhaling
carbon dioxide
 Page 184 Scipad

34.  Converting oxygen and glucose into energy to
be used by muscles
 Produces carbon dioxide and water as a
waste


35.  http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure
/Sites/Web/skoool/bio/sim/breathing%20and
%20respiration/index.htm
 http://www.e-
learningforkids.org/Courses/Liquid_Anima
tion/Body_Parts/Heart_and_Circulation/i
ndex.html

36.  http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/FRMLC/launch.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/MRSLC/launch.html
 http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biol
ogy/pc/learningsteps/HUFLC/launch.html


39. 1. Scapula
2. Humerous
3. Ulna
4. Radius
5. Ribcage
6. Vertebrae
7. Pelvis
8. Femur
9. Oesophagus
10. Stomach
11. Duodenum
12. Liver
13. Gall bladder
14. ?
15. Pancreas
16. Small intestine
17. Appendix
18. Large intestine
19. Rectum
20. Anus
21. Kidney
22. Ureter
23. Bladder
24. Urethra
25. Vans deferens
26. Testes
27. Penis
28. Larynx
29. Trachea
30. Bronchus
31. Lung
32. Heart
33. Diaphragm
34. Clavicle
35. Sternum
36. ribs