it is efficient for book readers

1. BY,
KRUTHIKA.A
MEENAKSHI.D

2.  Introduction
 Construction of e-paper
 Working
 Properties
 At Present colour E-paper
 Advantages & Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion

3.  E-Paper is also called Electronic Paper or
Electronic ink Display.
 The first E-Paper was developed in 1974’s by
“Nicholas K Sheridon” at Xerox’s Palo Alto
Research Centre.
 E-paper have a wide viewing angle.
 A digital pen is also used to create handwritten
document.
 E-Paper is flexible.

4.  It has two different parts.
 Front plane.
 Back plane.
 The front plane consist of E-ink.
 The back plane consist of electronic circuits.
 To form an E-ink electronic display the ink is
printed onto a plastic film that is laminated
to a layer of circuitry.

6. working
GYRICON
 The first Gyricon developed in 1974 by
“Nickolas K Sheridon” at Xerox Palo Alto
Research Centre.
 It is based on a thin sheet of flexible plastic
containing a layer of tiny plastic beads each
encapsulated in oil and it rotate freely.
LIMITATIONS
 Low brightness and resolution.
 Lack of color.
Other form of E-ink with improve properties
compared to Gyricon is Electrophoretic.

7. Electrophoretic
 Each micro capsule is filled with a clear fluid
containing positively charged white particle and
black particle.
Electrowetting
 It is used to display coloured images.

9.  As a segway to full-colour, tri-colour
electronic paper screens were developed
such as the Spectra display, which introduced
a third colour red or yellow the e- paper
film, this time contained in a micro cup
instead of a capsule.
 This allowed for changes in current to raise
the red or yellow ink to the screen
surface and colour the corresponding screen
area.

10.  The most common solution to displaying
colour on e ink, however, had traditionally
been a colour filter array overlaid over a
black and white EPD.
 The pixels of the colour mask are divided
into groups of four sub-elements or more,
coloured red, green, blue and white.
 When the white particles of the e ink display
move to the surface, they reflect colour by
combining these coloured sub-elements.

12.  In January 2007, the Dutch specialist in E-paper,
Edupaper started a pilot project in a secondary
school in Maastricht.
 They used E-paper as digital school books to
reduce costs and students daily burden of books.
 The Yotaphone, a smartphone maker launched a
series of dual display smart phones employing e-
paper technology for its back-panel display.
 While the front panel is like any other
smartphone screen, the back panel can be used
as a e-reader or display always-on app
notifications, time or maybe the weather.

14.  Ultra-thin and flexible energy cell.
 Eliminates the cost of the battery, weight and
volume of the battery holder.
 Can be made into almost any shape.
 Can be integrated on almost any surface.
 Environmentally friendly, non-caustic, no
possibility of explosion, burns, or overheating.

15. ADVANTAGES
• Paper-like Readability
• Clarity
• Reduced Eyestrain
• Include Graphics
• Inexpensive
DISADVANTAGES
• Very low switching speed
• Electrochemical complexity

16. Electronic Book
Electronic Newspaper
Mobile display
Computer monitor
Digital ID tags
Digital Price Boards

17.  Researches found that in just few years this
technology can replace paper in many
situations, leading us to think of a truly
paperless world.