college-level study

1. FABRICATION
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICE

2. FABRICATION
• Fabrication refers to the building
of metal structures by
assembling, bending, and cutting
processes.
• It is a value-added process that
involves creating machines,
parts, and structures from raw
materials.

3. • The process of steel fabrication involves
grinding, welding, cutting, bending, drilling,
punching, burning or melting and other
general crafting methods using various
high-quality tools and CNC equipment.
• Structural steel is usually fabricated to
create structures like beams, trusses,
hollow sections, angles and plates.
• These steel members must be accurately
fabricated before assembling them
together.
• All component parts of these members are
fitted-up temporarily with rivets, bolts, or
small amounts of welds.
• Finishing is generally performed by milling,
sawing or other suitable methods.
STEEL FABRICATION

4. • It’s crucial to know the type of
structure you want to construct.
• Commercial structures have a
distinct designing process.
• Similarly, residential structures are
totally dissimilar from industrial
structures.
• Every type of construction process
requires unique structures varying
in sizes, dimensions, and designs.
• Any joint to be site welded, the
members will have to be held
securely in position such that the
setup for welding is accurate and
rigid.
CONSTRUCTION NEEDS

5. • Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs)
and cranes are predominantly used in the
erection of steel structures for buildings and
bridges.
• Cranes are usually divided into two broad
categories, mobile and non-mobile cranes.
• Truck mounted, crawler and all-terrain
cranes are included in the first category,
while tower cranes are included in the
second category.
• Important measures need to be taken before
using the MEWPs such as first checking if the
steel structure can support the weight of the
MEWP and then determining whether they
should be used on the ground or on the
erected structures.
ERECTION TECHNIQUES

6.  There are four primary tasks that need to be
considered before the steel erection process.
• important to establish the foundations and
confirm that safe for erection to
commence.
• help of cranes or sometimes by jacking,
lifting and placing components into
position is essential.
• Aligning the structure is essential,
principally by checking that column bases
are lined and leveled and columns are
plumb.
• Last, bolting-up is required, which means
completing all the bolted connections to
secure and impart rigidity.
STEEL ERECTION

7. • Steel fabrication and
erecting steel structures
are a lengthy process
and they require
immense skills,
knowledge, and practice.
• Northern Weldarc use
the best steel fabrication
tools

8. COMPOUND WALL
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICE

9. • The compound wall is a simple
contemporary design, which breaks
at two points, on either side of the
site, to form horizontal openings
that give a glimpse of the serene
landscape within. A compound
wall serves to demarcate the site,
protect one's property, ensure
privacy and enhance aesthetic
appeal.

10. • There are different types of
compound walls on the basis
of appearance and
construction material used.
1. Masonry Compound Wall.
2. Ornamental Compound Wall.
3. Cladding Compound Wall.
4. Precast Compound Wall.
5. Security Compound Wall.
TYPES OF COMPOUND WALL

11. MASONRY COMPOUND WALL
Masonry walls are the most durable part
of any building or structure. ... It
separates a building from outside
world. Masonry is the word used for
construction with mortar as a binding
material with individual units of bricks,
stones, marbles, granites, concrete
blocks, tiles etc.

12. ORNAMENTAL COMPOUND WALL
Ornamental Compound Wall
Compound walls are a combination of
masonry wall and MS grills/ SS grills.
In this type of compound wall up to 3-
5ft masonry wall is constructed with
cement plaster and paint over it.

13. CLADDING COMPOUND WALL
Cladding Compound wall are in which
a cladding material (such as vitreous
tiles, marbles, shera panels etc.) are
fixed over typical masonry wall giving
a aesthetic appeal to it. ...

14. PRECAST COMPOUND WALL
Precast concrete is a construction
product produced by casting concrete
in a reusable mold or "form" which is
then cured in a controlled
environment, transported to the
construction site and lifted into place
("tilt up").

15. SECURITY COMPOUND WALL
These type of compound wall are
generally constructed at military base,
government offices, police camps
where security is main concern .
These type of compound wall have
masonry wall with height more than 7
ft. so that people cant climb easily on
it. Usually a MS barbed wire fence or
concertina coil is provided over these
masonry wall.

16. GATES & DOOR
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICE

17. TYPE OF GATES
1. SLIDING GATE
2. VERTICAL PIVOT GATE
3. SWING GATE
4. RETRACTABLE SECURITY GATE

18. SLIDING GATE
A sliding door is a type
of door which
opens horizontally by sliding,
usually parallel to a wall.
Sliding doors can be
mounted either on top of a
track below or be suspended
from a track above and some
types 'disappear' in a wall
when slid open.

19. VERTICAL PIVOT GATE
• vertical pivot gate and are used in
many properties these days.
• The biggest benefit with vertical
pivotal gates is that one doesn’t
need an extra space to open them.
• You incorporate them easily, and
they will automatically open once
the sensors sense a vehicle coming
near.
• Vertical pivot gates are expensive
than the other types but very
helpful for an office building which
has a limited space.

20. SWING GATE
If you want an aesthetic appeal for
your property, a swing gate is an ideal
choice.The primary purpose of the
Servo-Type Swing Gate is single or
dual direction control of pedestrian
access for industrial enterprises,
administrative establishments, banks,
offices, shops, stations and other
sites. Due to its unique shape and
variety of models, it can suit any
interior

21. RETRACTABLE SECURITY GATE
• Such gates are very helpful in
places where there is less space
for its operation.
• So, if you are already going
through space crunch, a
retractable security gate is going
to be a very good option.
• Interestingly you can fold the
retractable panels of these gates
and even store them.

22. STEEL RAILING
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICE

23. • Materials can be flat bar, solid
steel, tubing or box section.
Mild steel, carbon steel,
stainless steel, aluminium,
galvanised steel, brass, or a
combination of, are all
regularly used for constructing
handrails and balustrade.
Glass is also becoming
increasingly popular in railings
and stairway handrail
construction.
Materials

24. • When fabricating
handrailings in domestic and
commercial developments,
local building regulations
have to be adhered to. If
they are to be sunk in
brickwork or concrete,
added post length needs to
be factored in. When
measuring the length of cap-
rails, an allowance has to be
made for any end
ornamental scrolling to be
included.
Measuring Materials

25. • Long lengths of steel can be prone
to twisting and warping, shorter
lengths not so much.
Cutting & Straightening
Punching, Stamping & Notching
• Depending on the material being
used, you may need to use a
mechanical punching or stamping
machine. Mild steel sheet will need
square holes punched along the top
and bottom crosspieces.

26. Sheet & Pipe Bending
• With the infinite number of
patterns and shapes requested by
clients, metal bending is a natural
part of the job.
Sticking It All Together
• Once measurements have been
double checked and individual
pieces formed and cut, the outer
frame can be laid out on the floor
or large work bench and jigged up
for welding

27. Weather Protection
• Although mild steel is the favourite,
most cost-effective material for
fabricating handrailings; in its bare
state, it has little aesthetic appeal and is
highly prone to corrosion. The most
basic of safety guards and handrailings
can be turned into a functional and
attractive piece of artwork with the use
of paint powder coating or galvanising.
While galvanised pieces tend to be
silver through to light grey, powder
coating is available in a range of colours,
to compliment and contrast with the
surrounding paintwork.

29. THANK YOU
P.P. SAVANI SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
PRINCE SHINGALA
BHAVIN PALADIYA
AVADH HADIYA
MAYURI CHANGELA
PRACHI SOMANI
PAL SALIA
HARSH VAGHASIYA
POOJA RAJAPARA
MEGHA SHAH
SATISH GAJERA
JASH PATEL
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND SERVICE