1. POST HARVEST ROTS IN APPLE
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
STUDENT
Miss. LAXMI SRAVYA T
ID. No. 2015021070
COURSE TEACHER
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)
2. SIGNIFICANCE
• Attacks of penicillium expansum showed 74.2% damage,alternaria
alternate showed 11.5% and rhizopus sp. Showed 14.2% damage
• However, penicillium expansum was found to be most prevalent
fungus both in apple stores and markets.
4. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
kingdom : Fungi
Division : Ascomycota
Class : Leotiomycetes
Order : Helotiales
Family : Sclerotiniaceae
Genus : Botrytis
Species : B.cinerea
5. EPIDEMIOLOGY
• Gray mold favours moist,humid,and warm environment conditions
between 18.3-23.9˚C
• Controlled environment is favourable for inoculation of mycelium or
conidia.
• Standing water on leaf surface provides a place for spores to
germinate.
6. PATHOGEN CHARECTERS
• Gray mold is charecterized by abundant hyaline conidia borne on gray,
branching tree like conidiophores.
• The fungus produces highly resistant sclerotia as survival structures.
7.
8. Mode of infection
• Primary spread
through conidia
• Secondary spread
wind borne conidia and by rain water
9. SYMPTOMS
• Botrytis cinerean is a soft rot that have a collapsed and water soaked
appearance on soft fruits and leaves
• Brown lesions may develop slowly on undeveloped fruit.
• Twigs infected with gray mold will die back.
• Gray masses with a velvety appearance are conidia on plant tissues are
a sign of plant pathogen.
10.
11. MANAGEMENT
• Gray mold can be controlled by monitoring the amount and timing of
fertilizer applications to reduce the amount of fruit rot.
• Sodium bisulphate which releases so₂ when in contact with moist air
can be used with packing material.
• Grey mold can be controlled by prompt cooling.
13. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Division : Ascomycota
• Class : Eurotiomycetes
• Order : Eurotiales
• Family : Trochocomaceae
• Genus : Penicillium
• Species : P.expansum
14. EPIDEMIOLOGY
• Penicillium expansum grows best in wet, cool(<25C) conditions
• Blue mold grows most efficiantly in a temperature range of 15-27
degrees celsius
15. PATHOGEN CHARECTERS
• The conidiophores are mostly smooth walled terverticillate penicillin.
• A terverticillate pencilli has multiple branch points below the
phialides, the cells that the conidia are attached to.
• The conidia are dry, smooth, elliptical, and dull green in color and are
often disseminated by wind currents.
16. SYMPTOMS
• Infected areas are clearly delineated and light brown, and soft
decaying tissues can be easily scooped out of surrounding healthy
tissues.
• Spore masses appear on the surface of infected fruit, initially
appearing as white mycelium , then turning blue to blue-green in color
as asexual spores mature.
• Lesions measure 1-1.25 inches in diameter eight ti ten weeks after
infection.
