BEAN ANTHRACNOSE AND ITS MANAGEMENT

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
BEAN ANTHRACNOSE
Submitted by Course teacher
RAMYA.V Dr. Parthasarathy.S
2015021106 Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology)

2. HISTORY
• Anthracnose is mainly a seed borne disease caused
by a fungus which has a wide host range on many
legume species.
• In 1921, M. F. Barrus of Cornell University
demonstrated that bean anthracnose is seedborne.

3. OCCURENCE AND DISTRIBUTION
• Anthracnose was first described from plant
specimens obtained in Germany in 1875.
• Later it was spread throughout the world.
• It has been reported in USA, European countries,
Canada, Africa, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda,
Burundi, Ethiopia and D.R. Congo.

4. HOST RANGE
• Lima bean.
• Scarlet runner beans.
• Mung bean.
• Cow pea and black gram.
• Broad bean.
• Soybean and pea.

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
• The intensity of this disease ranges from 2 to 100%.
• Greatly affect the yield, seed quality and marketability
of the crop.
• The disease causes greater losses in North, Central and
South America, Europe, Africa, Australia, Asia, Brazil,
Mexico, and Colombia.

6. SYMPTOMS
• Leaves, stems and pods of bean plants are susceptible
to infection.
• Small reddish-brown, slightly sunken spots form on
the pods and rapidly develop into large, dark-sunken
lesions.

7. • In moist weather, masses of pink spores develops on
the lesions.
• Infection of the leaves causes blackening along the
veins particularly on the under surface.

8. www.researchgate.com

9. CONIDIA DEVELOPMENT

10. DISEASE CYCLE

11. SYSTEMATIC POSITION
Kingdom : Fungi
Phylum : Ascomycota
Class : Sordaiomycetes
Sub class : Incertae sedis
Order : Phyllachorales
Family : Phyllachoraceae
Genus : Colletotrichum
Species : C. lindemuthianum

12. CAUSAL ORGANISM
• Asexual stage : Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.
• Sexual stage : Glomerella cingulata.
• The fungus produced hyaline, single celled, oblong,
sickle shaped conidia.

13. MODE OF SPREAD
• Primary spread :
Contaminated seed and crop debris.
• Secondary spread :
Rain splash and wind.

14. FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS
• Temperature – 13-26° C.
• Relative Humidity – 92%.
• Moderate rainfall.

15. CULTURAL MANAGEMENT
• Removal of infected plant debris.
• Using diseased free seeds.
• Crop rotation with non host crops like cereals and
solanaceous crops.
• Giving adequate plant spacing.
• Avoid overhead irrigation.

16. CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT
• Seed treatment with Mancozeb @ 3g/kg.
• Carbendazim foliar spray @ 0.5 kg/ha have
been suggested to reduce anthracnose severity and
incidence.
• Difenoconazole 87.5g/ha effectively reduce this
disease.

17. PHYSICAL MANAGEMENT
• Practicing soil solarization for one month before
sowing resulted in the reduction of both severity and
incidence.
• Hot water seed treating by soaking at 64 to 74ºC for
15 hrs has been reported to kill the fungus in infested
seeds without reducing germination.

18. BIOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT
• Application of Trichoderma viride as seed dipping
and soil drenching was effective against this
pathogen.
• Neem seed extract effectively inhibited both
germination of conidia and mycelial growth.
• Lawsonia inermis seed treatment significantly
improved seedling emergence.

19. REFERENCES
• www.researchgate.com
• www.sciencedirect.com
• https://www.gardeningknowhow.com
• www.moaf.gov.bt