Uncommon Grace The Autobiography of Isaac Folorunso
S.mythili 2015021085-fusarium wilt of brinjal
1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
FUSARIUM WILT OF BRINJAL
Submitted by Course teacher
S.MYTHILI Dr.Parthasarathy.S
2015021085 Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology)
2. Fusarium wilt of brinjal
Fusarium solani
History
It was first reported in south of Turkey in 2002
Pathogen
3. Host and distribution
• Tomato, Tobacco, Legumes, Cucurbits, Sweet
potatoes and Banana are a few of the most susceptible
plants, but it also infect other herbaceous plants.
4. Symptoms
• Yellowing of lower
leaves.
• Leaves are droop, wilt
and die.
• Brown discoloration in
vascular tissue
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6. Systematic position
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetidae
Subclass: Hypocreomycetidae
Order: Hypocreales
Family: Nectriaceae
Genus: Fusarium
Species: F. solani
7. Pathogen
• F. solani has no known sexual stage, but produces
three types of asexual spores-microconidia,
macroconidia and chlamydospores.
• The microconidia are the most abundantly produced
spores.
• They are oval, elliptical or kidney shaped and
produced on aerial mycelia.
8. • Macroconidia, which have three to five cells and have
gradually pointed or curved edges, are found on
sporodochia on the surface of diseased plant (in culture
the sporodochia may be sparse or nonexistent).
• Fusarium chlamydospores are usually formed singly or
in pairs, but can sometimes be found in clusters or in
short chains.
• They are round thick walled spores produced within or
terminally on an older mycelium or in macroconidia.
10. Disease cycle
• F. solani is a common soil pathogen
and saprophyte that feeds on dead and decaying
organic matter.
• It survives in the soil debris as a mycelium and all
spore types, but is most commonly recovered from
the soil as chlamydospores.
11. • This pathogen spreads in two basic ways: it spreads
short distances by water splash and by planting
equipment and long distances by infected transplants
and seeds.
F. solani infects a healthy plant by means of mycelia
or by germinating spores penetrating the plant root
tips, root wounds or lateral roots.
The mycelium advances intracellularly through
the root cortex and into the xylem.
12. • Eventually the spores and the mycelia clog the
vascular vessels, which prevents the plant from up-
taking and translocating nutrients.
• In the end the plant transpires more than it can
transport, the stomata close, the leaves wilt, and the
plant dies.
• After the plant dies the fungus invades all tissues,
sporulates and continues to infect neighbouring
plants.
13. Favourable Conditions
• The development of these disease is favoured by high
temperature and warm moist soil.
14. Mode of spread
• Primary spread- Soil borne chlamydospores.
• Secondary spread- Water borne conidia.
15. Management
• Purchase disease free seeds.
• Clean soil and plant debris off all equipment prior to
moving to a new field.
• Completely remove infected plants. Burn or burry
plants in an area that will not be used for solanaceous
crops.
16. • Rotation away from susceptible crops for 3-5 years
will reduce disease, but careful weed management
must be done during this period.
• Use of calcium nitrate fertilizer instead of ammonium
nitrate can reduce Fusarium disease severity in some
soils.
• In acidic soils, raising the soil pH to 7 can help to
control the disease incidence.
