Significance, Damage symptom, Integrated Disease Management,Mode of spread and disease cycle of papaya anthracnose.

1. PAPAYA ANTHRACNOSE
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
STUDENT
M.HARISHMADEVI
ID. No. 2015021047
COURSE TEACHER
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)

2. SIGNIFICANCE
Post harvest loses in Papaya in several tropical
countries ranges from 15%.
China and India postharvest losses of Papaya due to
anthracnose is 15% - 25%.
The incidence of this disease reach 100% in fruit under
wet conditions.

3. DISTRIBUTION
World
Pakistan, Brazil, China, India etc.,
India
Himachal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
Andhra Pradesh etc .,

4. CAUSAL ORGANISM
• Anamorph stage (asexual stage)
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
• Telomorph (sexual stage)
Glomerella cingulata

5. Systematic position-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Sordariomycetes
Order: Incertae sedis
Family: Glomerellaceae
Genus: Colletotrichum
Species: C.gloeosporioides

6. EPIDEMIOLOGY
 High humidity.
 Temperature of 24°C – 32°C.
 Frequent rains.
 Moist conditions favours the development of
disease (October to November).

7. SYMPTOMS
If affect leaf and stem on erotic spots are produced.
On fruit initially brown superficial discoloration of
the skin develops which are circular and slightly
sunken.

8.  Then they coalesce in which sparse mycelial growth
appear on the margins of a spot.
Under humid condition salmon pink spores are
released.
Fruits mummified and deformed.

9. Symptoms-Circular, slightly sunken spots on fruit.
https:// www.eagri.tnau.ac.in

10. Anthracnose lesions on papaya fruit
https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu>pdf

11. Anthracnose affected papaya fruit in field and storage
conditions
https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu>pdf

12. PATHOGEN CHARACTERS
Conidiophore is simple, hyaline, branched hypha on
which conidia are produced.
Conidia is thin walled with large number of oil
globules.

13. CONIDIA OF Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
https://www.researchgate.net

14. DISEASE CYCLE OF
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
https://www.agupdate.com

15. Dissemination: Conidia are dispersed passively by
splashing of rain or irrigation water.
Inoculation: Spores land on infectious sites (panicles,
leaves, branch terminals).
Symptoms and disease development: Black, sunken,
rapidly expanding lesions develop in fruiting bodies
(Acervuli).

16. Pathogen reproduction
Sticky masses of conidia are produced in fruiting
body (Acervuli).
Pathogen survival
The pathogen survives between seasons on infected
and defoliated branch terminals and mature leaves.

17. MODE OF INFECTION
 Primary spread
Air borne conidia and inoculums present in the
seeds are source of primary infection.
 Secondary spread
Spores spread through rain splashes and irrigation
water and also by infected debris.

18. INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT
The affected fruits should be remove and destroyed.
Pruning of infected leaves, twigs and fruits.
The fruits should be harvested as soon as they mature.

19. Spray with Carbendazim 0.1% (or) Chlorothalonil
0.2% or Mancozeb 0.2%.
Fruits for exports should be subjected to hot water
treatment or a fungicidal wax treatment.

20. Dipping fruits in hot water at 48°C for 20 minutes
reduces the incidence of the disease.
Fumigation with benzylisothiocyanate controls post
harvest spots and rots.

21. REFERENCES
 Thind T.S., Disease of fruits and vegetables and their
management, 2016, Kalyani publishers, New Delhi, Pg.no-136-
138.
 Chaube H.S,V.S.Pundhia, Crop disease and their management,
2015, PHL, New delhi, Pg.no-635-637.
 https://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu>pdf
 https://agritech.tnau.ac.in/crop protection/crop pdf/papaya.pdf
 https://eagri.tnau.ac.in/crop protection/crop pdf