Night 7k Call Girls Noida Sector 128 Call Me: 8448380779
S.mythili 2015021085-bacterial wilt of brinjal
1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
BACTERIAL WILT OF BRINJAL
Submitted by Course teacher
S.MYTHILI Dr.Parthasarathy.S
2015021085 Assistant Professor (Plant Pathology)
2. Bacterial wilt of brinjal
Ralstonia solanacearum
Other names
• Pseudomonas solanacearum (prior to 1992),
• Burkholderia solanacearum (1992-1995)
Pathogen
3. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE
• Bacterial wilt was first reported in Egypt in 2008.
• Bacterial wilt can cause severe yield reduction, in the
range 30-80%.
• However, it is geographically restricted.
4. Host and distribution
• Ralstonia solanacearum is a widely distributed
pathogen found in tropical, subtropical, and some
temperate regions of the world.
• The other host plants of Ralstonia solanacearum are
Tomato, Potato, and Capsicum.
5. Symptoms
• In tropical and subtropical regions, affected plants may wilt
and die within days of infection.
• Leaves may appear healthy or only slightly yellow prior to
plant death.
• Under temperate conditions, infected plants develop a
slower, progressive wilt in which leaves turn yellow.
• Dropping of leaves and shoots, sudden wilting is the major
symptom
7. • The lower stems of affected plants develop dark,
vascular browning that often extends into the cortical
and pith tissues.
• When stems of symptomatic plants are cut and placed
in water, milky white streams of bacteria flow from
cut ends.
11. Disease cycle
• R. solanacearum enters the plant through wounds in
the roots from cultivating equipment, nematodes,
insects, and through cracks where secondary roots
emerge.
• The bacteria reach the large xylem elements and are
spread into the plant, where they multiply.
12. • Once established in the xylem vessels, the bacteria
are able to enter the intercellular spaces of the
parenchyma cells in the cortex and pith in various
areas of the plant.
• Here R. solanacearum is able to dissolve the cell
walls and create slimy pockets of bacteria and cell
debris.
• Production of highly polymerized polysaccharides
increases the viscosity of the xylem
13. Pathogen
• Ralstonia solanacearum is a gram-negative motile
rod. The organism grows aerobically and does not
form endospores.
• Cells are 0.5-0.7 × 1.5-2.0 µm and are non-
encapsulated.
15. Favourable Conditions
• The disease occurs in all type of soil including clay
and sandy soils.
• Bacterial wilt incidence was most prevalent in acidic
soils.
• High temperature and moisture are favourable.
• Incidence of Root knot nematode predisposes the
plant and will accelerate the disease development.
16. Management
• Removal and destruction of the affected plant parts
and using disease resistant varieties help to reduce the
disease incidence.
• Crop rotation with Bhendi, Tomato, Potato should be
avoided.
• Before sowing the seeds should be dipped in a
solution of Streptocycline (1 g/ 40 litres of water) for
30 minutes.
17. • Flooding the field for 1-3 weeks before planting will
reduce the bacterial wilt incidence
• Growing marigold in rotation or as intercrop will
suppress the pathogen in addition to its anti-nematode
effect
• Application of FYM/poultry manure in every year
will increase the beneficial microflora and reduce the
bacterial wilt incidence.
• Seed treatment with P.fluorescens(10g/100 seeds) will
also reduces the disease incidence.
