1. Basics of Operating Systems
Multi-processor System & Operating System Components
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2. Recap
In the last class, you have learnt about
• Distributed Systems
• Real Time Systems
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3. Objectives
On completion of this period, you would be
able to know
• Multi processor System
• Operating System Components
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4. Multi Processor System
• Multi processor system are also known as parallel
systems have two or more processors working in
close communication with one another
• Generally these multiple processors share bus,
clock, memory and peripheral devices
• Multiprocessors systems are also called as
parallel systems or tightly coupled systems
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6. Multi Processor System
Advantages
• Increased throughput: More work will be done in less
time
• Economical: Multi processor system can save more
money than multiple single processor systems, because
they share peripherals, mass storage and power supplies
• Increased reliability: If function can be distributed
properly among several processors, then the failure of one
processor will not halt the system, it only slows it down
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7. Operating System Components
• Operating system is a large and complex program
• It can be divided into the following modules based on
their functioning
– Process Management
– Main memory management
– File management
– I/O management
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8. Operating System Components
– Secondary memory management
– Security system
– Command interpreter system
– Networking support system
– Protection system
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9. Operating System Components
Process Management
• A process can be defined as a program in execution
• If more than one program is executing at the same time on
the computer
– then it is the responsibility of the operating system to
allocate CPU
– and other resources to the process so that they can
execute properly
• Operating system has to keep track of all processes
– and ensure that the execution of one of them does not
alter the other process 9
10. Operating System Components
Process Management
• The OS is responsible for the following activities in
connection with the process management
– Creating and deleting both user and system process
– Suspending and resuming process
– Providing mechanisms for process synchronization
– Providing mechanisms for process communication
– Providing mechanisms for dead lock handling
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11. Operating System Components
Main Memory Management
• The OS is responsible for the following activities in
connection with memory management
– Keeping track of which parts of memory are
currently being used and by whom
– Deciding which processes and data to move into
and out of memory
– Allocating and deallocating memory space as
needed
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12. Operating System Components
File management
• The OS is responsible for activities in connection
with file management
– creation and deletion of files
– creating and deleting of a directories
– storing files on secondary media, facilities for backup of
file
– It also help in copy / movement of files from one disk to
another
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13. Operating System Components
I/O management
• The operating system performs the coordination between
various input / output devices, such as keyboard, mouse,
screen, printer etc., and the programs that are running
Secondary Storage Management
• This module is responsible for management of secondary
memory
• The tasks of the module are
– Free space management
– Storage allocation
– Disk scheduling
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14. Operating System Components
Security system
• The operating system provides appropriate security
and integrity mechanisms which ensures the safety of
the data and programs on the computer
Command interpreter system
• It is the interface between the user and the operating
system
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15. Operating System Components
Network management
• The responsibilities of the module are routing
and connection strategies, problems of
conflict and security
Protection system
• In multi programming environment one
process must be protected from one another
activities
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16. Summary
• Multi processor system are also known as parallel
systems have more than one CPU working in close
communications with one another
• Operating system is a large and complex program. It
can be divided into the following modules based on
their functioning
• Process Management
• Main memory management
• File management
• I/O management
• Secondary memory management
• Security system
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17. Frequently Asked Questions
1. List the advantages of multiprocessor system
2. List the various operating system
components
3. Write a brief note on the components of the
OS
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18. Quiz
1. In a multi processor system there is close
communication between the processor
a) True
b) False
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19. Quiz
2. In a tightly coupled system each CPU has
its own local memory
a) True
b) False
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20. Quiz
3.The purpose of process management component
of an OS is providing security to the program.
a) True
b) False
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