1. Unit 3 Terms—American Imperialism<br />Imperialism: A government policy or action that tries to gain control or power over another country’s land, people or resources.<br />Nationalism: Devotion to one’s own nation above all others.<br />Annex: To add new territory to an existing country.<br />Banana Republic: Countries (usually in Central America) whose economies and governments are dominated by foreign-owned commodity businesses.<br />Commodity: Non-industrial products or foodstuffs.<br />Jingoism: Intense national pride combined with racism that promoted an aggressive foreign policy.<br />Open Door Policy: Required all countries equal, unrestricted access to markets in China. Gave access to their markets without having to control territory.<br />Roosevelt Corollary: Added-on to the Monroe Doctrine; declared that the U.S. would intervene (get involved) in Central- and South America in order to prevent other countries from intervening.<br />Dollar Diplomacy: Philosophy of international relations that promoted American investments abroad, stability through creating shared business interests and “substituting dollars for bullets”.<br />Yellow Journalism: An exaggerated and sensationalistic style of news reporting intended to shock, entertain and sell papers.<br />Teller Amendment: Declared war with Cuba, but said we won’t annex Cuba if we win.<br />Platt Amendment: Declared that the U.S. has a right to intervene in Cuban affairs, limited Cuba’s power to make treaties with other nations and established Cuban dependence on the United States.<br />Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty: Treaty that gave the U.S. access to a 10-mile-wide strip of Panama for $10 million in order to build the canal.<br />Anti-Imperialists: People who opposed annexing the Philippines and other territories on the grounds that it was in conflict with American ideas of freedom or that it would weaken the country.<br />Unit 3: People—American Imperialism<br />Alfred T. Mahan: Wrote The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, which said that a nation’s economic future depended on gaining new markets abroad.<br />Henry Cabot Lodge: Senator from Massachusetts who promoted imperialism and expansion out of a fear that American vitality was at risk. <br />Frederick Jackson Turner: Historian who wrote the “Frontier Thesis”, which said that the frontier had been fundamental in shaping the American psyche and that the U.S. would need to seek new frontiers abroad.<br />Theodore Roosevelt: As Assistant Secretary of the Navy he ordered ships to deploy to the Philippines. After war was declared against Spain, he quit his position to lead the “Rough Riders” into battle in Cuba.<br />Valeriano Weyler: Spanish general who was sent to Cuba with 150,000 troops to stop Cuban rebels. He was responsible for putting Cuban civilians into concentration camps.<br />José Martí: Exiled Cuban journalist who urged U.S. entry/involvement in the Cuban Revolution.<br />William McKinley: President who declared war of Spain.<br />Joseph Pulitzer: New York newspaper publisher who engaged in a competitive battle with William Randolph Hearst to capture readers using techniques of “Yellow” journalism. Created public outrage that contributed to U.S entry into the Spanish-American War.<br />William Randolph Hearst: New York newspaper publisher who engaged in a competitive battle with Joseph Pulitzer to capture readers using techniques of “Yellow” journalism. Created public outrage that contributed to U.S entry into the Spanish-American War.<br />John Hay: Secretary of State who negotiated the Open Door Policy with China. Also coined the phrase “splendid little war”.<br />Emilio Aguinaldo: Leader of the Filipino rebels. Declared independence from the U.S., which was ignored.<br />Queen Liliuokalani: Queen of Hawaii who refused to acknowledge the constitution that had been forced on her brother that gave voting rights only to land owners. She was overthrown as a result, which led to the U.S. annexation of Hawaii.<br />