1. 1. Opposing Sides
North South
more wealth vast size
superior in industry only needed to hold on,
not win
lots of immigrants-help with war fighting on home ground
3 to 1 in manpower-no slaves to worry about fight on defensive
control of US navy highly qualified senior
officers
Lincoln stronger leader Davis strong war leader, experience
2. Strategy
a. Anaconda Plan-squeeze the south with naval blockade, split the south into 2, wait for southern
pro-unionists to take over, take the Mississippi, needed good generals
3. Issues with Europe
a. South believed that GB and France would come to their aid, prohibited the export of cotton to
encourage their dependency,
b. GB had stockpiled cotton so this did not hurt them, they needed northern wheat and they were
opposed to slavery,
c. Seward as sec. of state told others not to interfere and they did not
d. Issue of the Trent-Union ship stopped a British mail ship and took 2 confederates, violation of
their neutral rights, Union released the envoys to avoid trouble
4. Problems at Home
a. maintain moral
a. Homestead Act gave 150 acres if you would farm for 5 years
b. Morrill Land Grant Act-large amounts of federal land for agricultural colleges
b. supply the armies
1. passed draft laws-could hire sub or pay $300 to be exempt
2. led to draft riots in NY
3. south objected to draft on state rights issue, owner could stay home if 20 slaves were
owned
4. draft dodging and desertion were common, no food or goods
c. first income tax passed and high tariffs, issued Greenbacks
1. south printed so much money, high inflation, worthless money
5. dealing with constitutional issues
a. suspended the writ of habeus corpus-imprisoned secessionists without trial in Maryland
6. Emancipation Proclamation
a. freed all slaves in areas of rebellion as of January 1, 1863,
b. announced after the Battle of Antietam,
c. did not have backing of northern public
7. End of the war
a. 1864-south using blacks in war effort
b. 1864-Sherman took Atlanta, march to the sea, massive destruction of civilian property
c. April 9, 1865-Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomatox, wanted soldiers to get to keep their
horses
d. April 14, 1865-Lincoln shot at Ford’s Theatre by John Wilkes Booth, southern sympathizer