This PPT contain Morphology materials in general. hopefully it will be useful for you :)

2. MORPHOLOGY?

3. MORPHEME?
THE SMALLEST GRAMMATICAL UNIT IN A LANGUAGE
OR THE SMALLEST MEANINGFUL UNIT OF A LANGUAGE.

4. MORPHEME:
the smallest
meaningful unit
of a language
FREE MORPHEME:
a word element that can
stand alone
BOUND MORPHEME:
a morpheme that appears
only as part of a larger word

5. ALLOMORPHS
• A VARIANT FORM OF A MORPHEME
EXAMPLES: ANY OF TWO OR MORE ACTUAL REPRESENTATIONS OF A MORPHEME SUCH AS
THE PLURAL ENDINGS
/S/ (AS IN BATS)
/Z/ (AS IN BUGS)
/ɪZ/ (AS IN BUSES)

6. Word Formation
Derivation :
The process of forming a
new word on the basis of
an existing word.
Inflection :
Process of word formation
in which items are added to
the base form of a word to
express grammatical
meanings.

7. Derivation:
Happy, happiness, unhappy
Democracy, democrat, democratic, democratize
Inflection:
Go, goes, going, gone
Lovely, loveliest, lovelier

8. COMPOUNDING
A PROCESS OF
WORDS FORMATION
THAT CREATES
COMPOUND LEXEMES
(THE OTHER WORD-
FORMATION PROCESS
BEING DERIVATION).
EXAMPLE:
NOUN-NOUN COMPOUND: NOTE + BOOK → NOTEBOOK
ADJECTIVE-NOUN COMPOUND: BLUE + BERRY → BLUEBERRY
NOUN-VERB COMPOUND: BREAST + FEED → BREASTFEED
VERB-NOUN COMPOUND: WORK + ROOM → WORKROOM

9. CONVERSION
A KIND OF WORD
FORMATION ESPECIALLY
IT’S THE CREATION OF
WORD (OF A NEW WORD
CLAUSE) FROM AN
EXISTING WORD (OF A
DIFFERENT WORD CLASS)
WITHOUT ANY CHANGE IN
FORM.
EXAMPLE:
VERB: TO INCREASE, NOUN: INCREASE.
–WE NEED TO INCREASE (VERB) OUR
PRODUCTIVITY TO SEE AN INCREASE IN PROFITS.

10. BLENDING
A WORD
FORMED FROM
PARTS OF TWO
OR MORE OTHER
WORDS. THIS
PART ARE
SOMETIMES BUT
NOT ALWAYS
MORPHEME.
EXAMPLE:
SMOG: SMOKE + FOG
BRUNCH: BREAKFAST AND LUNCH
GLIMMER: GLIM + SHIMMER

11. .
The word
formation process
in which a word is
reduced or
shortened without
changing the
meaning of the
word.
• back clipping,
• fore clipping,
• middle
clipping,
• complex
clipping
CLIPPING

12. DOC FOR DOCUMENT
PHSY-ED FOR PHSYCOLOGY
EDUCATION
BURGER FOR HAMBURGER
PROF FOR PROFESSOR

13. ACRONYM
•ACRONYM IS AN ABBREVIATION FORMED FROM THE
INITIAL COMPONENTS IN A PHRASE OR A WORD.
•EXAMPLE :
• UNICEF : UNITED NATION INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN
EMERGENCY FUND.
• NATO : NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION

14. BACK FORMATION
• BACK-FORMATION IS THE PROCESS OF CREATING
A NEW LEXEME, USUALLY, BY REMOVING ACTUAL
OR SUPPOSED AFFIXES
EXAMPLE:
• THE NOUN RESURRECTION WAS BORROWED
FROM LATIN, AND THE VERB RESURRECT WAS
THEN BACK FORMED HUNDREDS OF YEARS LATER
FROM IT BY REMOVING THE ION SUFFIX.
• RESURRECTION: +ION