IC Engines

1. Internal
Combustion
Engines
Prof. (Dr.) M P Poonia
Director
NITTTR, Chandigarh

2. HEAT ENGINE
A heat engine – any device that is
capable of converting thermal
energy (heat) into mechanical
energy (work). We will consider an
important class of such devices
whose operation is cyclic

3. The Production of
Mechanical Power from the
Chemical Energy Contained
in the Fuel
PURPOSE

5. Energy Conversion Process
Chemical
Energy
Heat
Energy
Mechanical
Energy
Electrical
Energy
Combustion GeneratorMachine
Heat Engine

6. Conversion of
Heat into Work

7. HEAT TO WORK

8. Internal
Combustion
Engines

9. HEAT TO
WORK

10. Then Why is DIESEL
called So……..
&
What was it called
before That….????
Do you Know…????
RUDOLPH DIESEL
invented Diesel
Engine, But He did not
Discover the
Fuel DIESEL…..

11. HEAT TO WORKPressure
Volume
2
1
3
4
Work Done
By Gas
Heat
extractedWork Done
On Gas

12. Conversion of
Heat into Work

15. Examples of
Internal
Combustion
Engines

16. I C Engine

17. I C Engine

18. Basic Gas
Turbine Cycle

19. External
Combustion
Engines

20. Examples of
External
Combustion Engines

21. Working Fluid
(ICE)
 One Working
Fluid (Air +Fuel
+ Residual Gas)
in Internal
Combustion
Engine

22. Working Fluid
(EC)
 Normally Two
Working Fluid
(Air +Fuel +
Burnt Gases)
and Steam in
External
Combustion
Engine

23. Fuel Combustion
(IC)
 Combustion of
the Fuel Takes
Place Inside
the Cylinder

24. Fuel Combustion
(EC)
 Combustion of the Fuel Takes
Place Outside the Cylinder

25.  Small and
Simple in Size
as Compared
to E.C. Engine
Because
Higher Power
to Weight
Ratio
Size (IC)

26. Heat Losses
(IC)
 In this type of engine, no heat
transfer occurs, so the heat
losses are less

27. Heat Losses
(IC)

28. Advantages of
IC Engines Over
EC Engine

29. FAQ
1. How is a EC Engine Different from
an Internal Combustion (IC) Engine?
IC engines burn refined petroleum to
produce hot combustion gases. Those hot
gases move a piston within a cylinder. The
IC process is so fast that combustion
products are produced and then dissipate
almost immediately. Normally, the engine
speed is in the range of 2000 – 4000 rpm.

30. FAQ
In an EC engine, heat is produced by
burning fuel at ambient temperatures and
pressures. Ignition isn't "timed“; instead,
it's continuous, so any number of fuels
can be used to produce the required heat,
and that fuel is only burned in direct
proportion to the work required.
The most effective working fluid for the
expansion step in an EC engine transfers
power to the wheels quickly, safely and
efficiently.

31. FAQ
2. How Does External Combustion
Yield Higher Fuel Economy than
in IC Engine?
Fuel economy is the work performed per
unit of energy consumed. Energy for
every vehicle on the road comes from
combustion. Only 25-30% of the original
energy content of the gasoline or diesel
fuel is available to actually turn the
wheels..

32. FAQ
EC engines burn only enough fuel to
maintain an operating temperature.
When that temperature is reached, the
fuel flow is cut off. Mechanical losses are
similar. The net result is 40-50% of
available energy transferred to the wheel.
EC engines can produce far more torque
than IC engines of the same
displacement.

33. Thanks