Discussion # 6 RAID Message expanded. Message read RAID posted by BRANDON MAZZONE, Mar 05, 2016, 7:41 PM Raid (redundant array of independent disks) is the adopted industry standard way of organizing multiple storage disk arrays. The industry adopted these designs to provide a compatible storage option for multiple platforms. This Raid scheme is made up of 7 levels that are associated with their data format. These levels are not hierarchal but do share common characteristics. These characteristics include that the Operating system will see the array of physical drives as a single drive. Also data within the drives is shared amongst them. Another characteristic is that the drives are redundant to prevent a disk failure. I personally have a 4 solid state drive RAID array on my personal use computer. I like the way the drives function as one mass storage pool and i can access data from all the drives from one place. posted by KERONE DIXON, Mar 05, 2016, 10:26 PM RAID (redundant array of independent disks; originally redundant array of inexpensive disks) provides a way of storing the same data in different places (thus, redundantly) on multiple hard disks (though not all RAID levels provide redundancy). By placing data on multiple disks, input/output (I/O) operations can overlap in a balanced way, improving performance. Since multiple disks increase the mean time between failures, storing data redundantly also increases fault tolerance.  RAID arrays appear to the operating system (OS) as a single logical hard disk. RAID employs the technique of disk mirroring or disk striping, which involves partitioning each drive's storage space into units ranging from a sector up to several megabytes. The stripes of all the disks are interleaved and addressed in order. Message expanded. Message read Re: RAID posted by JOSEPH FISCHER, Mar 06, 2016, 9:19 AM Raid 5 is the type of raid I see at my customer site.  It gives them a good level of protection and it allows them to stay running should they have a singular disk failure.  They are regularly monitoring their systems so they will normally catch the single fault and replace it quickly.  If they happen to have a second failure before replacing the first though they are sunk. http://www.raidrecoveryonline.com/raid10_vs_raid5/ Message expanded. Message read Re: RAID posted by RICHARD BOHATY, Mar 06, 2016, 10:00 AM Monitoring is the key, we had 2 go out on a raid 5 and discovered the 1st one had been alarming for 3 weeks :-( monitoring and good backups :-) Please talk about discussion with your own words. Please do not get copied work from the internet. Discussion # 7 File Attributes Message expanded. Message read File Attributes posted by ALICIA RANGEL, Mar 04, 2016, 9:29 PM When a file is named it is for the users, benefit only. The computer does not operate off of the files name but does operate on its contents and coding or format. After the file is named the name typically stay with the fi.

1. Discussion # 6
RAID
Message expanded. Message read RAID
posted by BRANDON MAZZONE, Mar 05, 2016, 7:41 PM
Raid (redundant array of independent disks) is the adopted
industry standard way of organizing multiple storage disk
arrays. The industry adopted these designs to provide a
compatible storage option for multiple platforms. This Raid
scheme is made up of 7 levels that are associated with their data
format. These levels are not hierarchal but do share common
characteristics. These characteristics include that the Operating
system will see the array of physical drives as a single drive.
Also data within the drives is shared amongst them. Another
characteristic is that the drives are redundant to prevent a disk
failure. I personally have a 4 solid state drive RAID array on
my personal use computer. I like the way the drives function as
one mass storage pool and i can access data from all the drives
from one place.
posted by KERONE DIXON, Mar 05, 2016, 10:26 PM
RAID (redundant array of independent disks; originally
redundant array of inexpensive disks) provides a way of storing
the same data in different places (thus, redundantly) on multiple
hard disks (though not all RAID levels provide redundancy). By
placing data on multiple disks, input/output (I/O) operations can
overlap in a balanced way, improving performance. Since
multiple disks increase the mean time between failures, storing
data redundantly also increases fault tolerance.
RAID arrays appear to the operating system (OS) as a single
logical hard disk. RAID employs the technique of disk

2. mirroring or disk striping, which involves partitioning each
drive's storage space into units ranging from a sector up to
several megabytes. The stripes of all the disks are interleaved
and addressed in order.
Message expanded. Message read Re: RAID
posted by JOSEPH FISCHER, Mar 06, 2016, 9:19 AM
Raid 5 is the type of raid I see at my customer site. It gives
them a good level of protection and it allows them to stay
running should they have a singular disk failure. They are
regularly monitoring their systems so they will normally catch
the single fault and replace it quickly. If they happen to have a
second failure before replacing the first though they are sunk.
http://www.raidrecoveryonline.com/raid10_vs_raid5/
Message expanded. Message read Re: RAID
posted by RICHARD BOHATY, Mar 06, 2016, 10:00 AM
Monitoring is the key, we had 2 go out on a raid 5 and
discovered the 1st one had been alarming for 3 weeks :-
( monitoring and good backups :-)
Please talk about discussion with your own words. Please do not
get copied work from the internet.
Discussion # 7
File Attributes
Message expanded. Message read File Attributes

3. posted by ALICIA RANGEL, Mar 04, 2016, 9:29 PM
When a file is named it is for the users, benefit only. The
computer does not operate off of the files name but does operate
on its contents and coding or format. After the file is named the
name typically stay with the file even when it is shared. The file
becomes independent even when you send it in an email, add to
a USB, or open in a software program. There are seven
attributes that you should look for in a file name, identifier,
type, location, size, protection, time, date, and user
identification. The name that is given to the file is only for the
user's identifying, as the computer looks for specifications and
contents.
Message expanded. Message read Re: File Attributes
posted by JOSEPH FISCHER, Mar 05, 2016, 11:14 AM
File attributes can be tricky. Lately our customers that use
EMC based storage often present us problems as EMC offers
what are known as" extended attributes". These
advanced attributes not used by standard operating systems and
if they are present we are unable to properly archive a file.
They need to be removed first.
http://www.emc.com/collateral/TechnicalDocument/docu55346.
pdf
posted by JAMAR JOHNSON, Mar 05, 2016, 3:20 PM
Hi Alicia,
Thanks for the summary. What I thought was interesting about
this section of the chapter was that it didn't make any mention
of shared files. In the case of file sharing, both in-network and
off-network, the circumstance would be slightly different. The
name and attributes of the file would all stay the same, and only
be for the benefit of the user, however the file wouldn't become

4. independent. When users send a copy of a file over a network,
through an e-mail, or save it a USB drive, they are essentially
creating a copy. Whereas with a shared filed, all users are
interacting with the same file on the disk. The Windows
platform has its own support of this functionality which I used
to find less than stellar, however Google Docs has become a
common occurrence in my workplace.
Thanks, Jamar
posted by RICHARD BOHATY, Mar 06, 2016, 7:36 AM
Inherited permissions can be tricky; many OSs have "show
effective permissions" to rapidly evaluate what permissions a
specific user(s) has to an object.
Please talk about discussion with your own words. Please do not
get copied work from the internet.
Discussion # 8
File operations
Message expanded. Message read File operations
posted by ALICIA RANGEL, Mar 04, 2016, 11:55 PM
There are six basic file operations create, write, read,
repositioning, deleting, and truncating. To create a file, you
must do two things check for space on the hard drive and an
entry in the directory must be made for the new file. To write a
file you make a system call and create a name and the data to be
written to the file. To read from a file you call the system to
find a name and where in the memory should the next block be
put. Repositioning is when the system searches for an entry and
the file position pointer is repositioned to a value.

5. posted by RICHARD BOHATY, Mar 05, 2016, 6:47 AM
Your post is right on. I ran into an application just this week
that when installing would error out. In researching the
application, we found out that the application did not do a space
check when creating the install log. We contacted the vendor
and they updated their installer.
posted by CHRISTINA RAY, Mar 05, 2016, 5:10 PM
I like the way you broke this down, it was an interesting chapter
and the breaking it down sure helps. I find it amazing how
smart these systems are, but they really just want the basic
information so they can process it. More information is almost
too much for the system but more for the end user, the end user
is unable to read all the data in the backend.
posted by KERONE DIXON, Mar 05, 2016, 11:12 PM
The OS provides systems calls to create, write, read, reset, and
delete files. The following discusses the specific duties an OS
must do for each of the file operations.
Creating
A space in the file system must be found for the file. Second, an
entry for the new file must be made in the directory. The
directory entry records the name of the file and the location in
the file system.
Writing
To write a file, a system call is made specifying both the name
and the file and the information to be written to the file. Given
the name of the file, the system searches the directory to find
the location of the file. The directory entry will need to store a
pointer to the current block of the file (usually the beginning of
the file). Using this pointer, the address of the next block can be
computed where the information will be written. The write

6. pointer must be updated - in this way, successive writes can be
used to write a sequence of blocks to the file.
Reading
To read a file, a system call is made that specifies that specifies
the name of the file and where (in memory) the next block of
the file should be put. Again, the directory is searched for the
associated directory entry, and the directory will need a pointer
to the next block to be read. Once the block is read, the pointer
is updated.
Resetting
The directory is searched for the appropriate entry, and the
current file position is reset to the beginning of the file.
Deleting
To delete a file, the directory is searched for the named file.
Having found the associated directory entry, the space allocated
to the file is released (so it can be reused by other files) and
invalidates the directory entry
The five operations that are described comprise only the
minimal set of required file operations. More commonly, we
shall also want to edit the file and modify its contents. A
special case of editing a file is appending new information at
the end of the file. Copies of the file can also be created, and
since files are named object, renaming an existing file may also
be needed. If the file is a binary object format, we may also
want to execute it. Also of use are facilities to lock sections of
an open file for multi process access, to share sections, and
even to map sections into memory or virtual-memory systems.
Please talk about discussion with your own words. Please do not
get copied work from the internet.

7. MGMT400 Assignment 3 – Chapters 5 & 6 (Show your work to
receive credit)
1. Identify the four types of layouts and their characteristics.
2. The manufacturing engineers at Suny Manufacturing were
working on a new remote-
controlled toy Monster Truck. They hired a production
consultant to help them determine
the best type of production process to meet the forecasted
demand for this new product.

8. The consultant recommended that they use a product layout. He
told the manufacturing
engineers that the line must be able to product 600 Monster
Trucks per day to meet the
demand forecast. The workers in the plant work eight hours per
day. The task information
for the new Monster Truck is given below:
Task Time (seconds) Predecessors
A 28 -
B 13 -
C 35 B
D 11 A
E 20 C,D
F 6 D,E
G 23 F
H 25 F
I 37 G
J 11 G,H
K 27 I,J

9. a. Draw the precedence diagram.
b. What is the takt time?
c. What is the theoretical minimum number of workstations?
d. Assign the tasks to the workstations to balance the line using
the longest operating
time rule.
e. What is the efficiency of the balanced line?
3. The Jazzy Java Company is considering upgrading its
espresso machine to reduce the
time to make each cup of coffee. The current machine has fixed
costs of $3,000 per year
and variable costs of $.75 per cup of coffee. With the new
machine, fixed costs increase
to $7,000 per year and variable costs are $.40 per cup of coffee.
On average, the price of
coffee is $3.00 per cup.
a. What is the break-even point of the current process?
b. What is the net income with the current process if 8,000 cups
of coffee are sold per
year?
c. What is the indifference point between the two processes?
d. If the forecast is for 12,500 cups of coffee to be sold each
year, which process should

10. be used? Why?
4. What is the benefit of cost of quality (COQ) analysis? Name
and explain major cost
categories identified by COQ. Why is quality at the source
better than quality through
inspection? Next, describe how each type of cost would change
(increase, decrease, or
remain the same) if we designed a higher-quality product that
was easier to manufacture.