The document discusses the history of runes in Old English. It describes the Runic alphabet known as Futhark, composed of the first six letters - f, u, th, a, r, and k. It details the evolution of Futhark, including the 24-letter Elder Futhark used before the 9th century CE. It also discusses how the Anglo-Saxons brought Futhark to England in the 5th century CE and modified it into the 33-letter Old English Futhorc, evidenced by the name itself changing from an /a/ to /o/ vowel sound over time. The document provides background on Old English as the West Germanic language spoken in England from the 5th

1. RUNES IN OLD
ENGLISH

2. Futhark
• The Runic alphabet is also known as Futhark, a
name composed from the first six letters of
the alphabet - f, u, th, a, r, and k

3. Evolution and Variants of the Futhark
• The Futhark of 24 letters is called "Elder
Futhark", and was used mostly before the 9th
century CE

4. Old English/Anglo-Saxon
• Old English was the West Germanic language spoken
in the area now known as England between the 5th
and 11th centuries
• Speakers of Old English called their language Englisc,
themselves Angle and their home
Angelcynn or Englaland

5. Runes in England
• In England, the Anglo-Saxons brought Futhark
from continental Europe in the 5th century CE
and modified it into the 33-letter "Futhorc”
• Even the name "Futhorc" is evidence to a
change where the long /a/ vowel in Old
English evolved into a later /o/ vowel

6. Futhorc

7. Thanks for your
attention
Made by: Elena Obrstar, 8.b