Self-Recognition In An Asian Elephant

Self-Recognition In An Asian Elephant
B. M. De Waal, Frans, Joshua M. Plotnik, Frans B. M. De Waal, and Diana Reiss. "Self–recognition in an Asian
Elephant." PNAS, 13 Sept. 2006. Web. 2 Feb. 2015. Reflection As a biology major I didn't find this article too difficult to
read. For these types of studies that have been performed multiple time requires a person to do enough research on the
topic to understand why the study was done and the goal of the study. This study was done to see can other high
functional species, in this case elephants, show empathy for other creatures besides themselves. Which relates to my
thesis of trying to understand what compels us to make the choices we make. Being able to feel empathy, a feeling to
understand and share feelings of another, has always
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

African Elephants
African Elephants:
Guess what can weigh about 3 cars and can be 13 feet tall? The African elephant. The height and size difference is not the
only way you can tell the African and Asian elephants apart, another way is by the ear shape. They are shaped like the
land of Africa. The African elephant is also the largest mammal to live on land.
Their Body:
African elephants body is large in size, has big ears, and a long trunk. A full grown one can weight about 6 tons and is 13
feet tall. They have teeth on the inside and the outside of their bodies! They have only four on the inside and two on the
outside of their mouths. The teeth that are on the outside of their mouth are called tusks and they weigh about 40 to 44
pounds for a female but the largest one recorded was 220 pounds. However, the teeth on the inside weigh about a much
as a brick! They use their ears to cool themselves when they get hot by flapping them. Another way they stay cool is by
spraying themselves with water because they start to feel unbearably hot a lot sooner than a human. The African elephant
is able to live in dry or hotter climates because their bodies can go without water for a long time. The elephant's skin is as
thick as one inch but is every ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The teeth get small and brittle so, then they can not eat and therefore they die off eventually. The main reason they die is
poaching for their tusks which bring tons of money. Each year ivory trafficking and poaching, kill at least 35,000 each
year and according to The Wildlife Conservation Society about 800,000 African elephants have been killed over the last
three decades and around 1,000 African elephants were killed between 2010 and 2012. The poachings main reason is to
get their tusks to sale on the blackmarket for a lot of money. The older elephants with large tusks are becoming harder to
find because of the black marketing

African Elephant Vs Female Asian Elephant
Such as the African elephant have larger ears shaped like the continent of Africa itself. The ears of the African elephant
help radiate the heat from the sun. But the lucky Asian elephant doesn't have to worry about heat because they live in
shady jungle areas. Another interesting characteristic about the elephant is that their feet are spongy pads to take the
strain off the leg, so they aren't constantly breaking bones in their legs. Also, the feet of the elephant make it almost
impossible for you to hear them when they run, but when their is a herd you can definitely feel the earth shake and the
rumble of the elephants! A male Asian elephant is about 12000 pounds and is about 8.9 feet tall. But, the female Asian
elephant is about 6000 pounds

The Effects Of Housing Animals In Zoos
When people think of a zoo what pops into their minds? They probably imagine a fun, educational place where kids can
learn about happy little animals from watching them in enclosures. What comes to mind when I think of a zoo, however,
is the opposite. I picture severely depressed and overly stressed animals trapped in cages too small to mimic their natural
environment. The effects of housing animals in zoos can be detrimental to the animal's health, increasing the probability
of stress–induced diseases and stereotypic behavior, especially in Asian and Africans elephants. Although wild animals
are anything but free from disease or injury, it is a more significant problem for them in captivity. According to Stephen
Bostock, author of "Zoos and Animal Rights", "the stress of being captured and transported can make an animal more
liable to serious," infection (67). He also mentions how the conditions in zoos can assist in the spread of infections and
parasites (67). In addition to this, animals can be exposed to disease they would not normally face in the wild, diseases
that they have no immunity built against. For example, primates catch tuberculosis and measles from humans and
Antarctic penguins often die from aspergillosis as a result of not living in their natural aseptic environment (Bostock, 67).
So even though zoo animals may be healthier in ways such as less minor injuries, the gap between them and their wild
counterparts is not as big as people perceive. Elephants are

Indi Native American Captive Asian Elephants
India El
Genetic Diversity in North American Captive Asian Elephants
R.Lei, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research
R.A.Brenneman, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research
D.L.Schmitt, Grewcock Center for Conservation and Research
E.E.Louis Jr., Grewcock Center for Conservation Research
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469–7998.2011.00851.x/full
For about twenty eight years now the Asian elephant has been struggling for existence. They have been classified as
endangered species by The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Twenty eight years is quite a large
amount of time for an animal to be classified as endangered so The Zoological Society of London decided to look into
this issue. Asian elephants have been transferred to captivity for quite some time in the North American region. The
Elephas maximus have been captured from these countries in southern Asia and brought over to North America and have
experienced many complications that can hinder the genetic diversity of the evolution of the species. Captive populations
of the Elephas maximus species may be essential for genetic preservation and aid in decreasing the deterioration of the
authentic population (Brenneman et al. 2011).
Unfortunately, keeping these elephants captive has caused issues. The females are at least 35 years of age which isn't very
essential for reproduction so as a result the mortality rate amongst the calves and disease within the

Animals That Possess A Backbone Or Spinal Column
When people look at an elephant they see this enormous animal with large ears and a long trunk, but not many people
realize the interesting features these amazing vertebrates have and how much this mammal has changed in the course of
time. Vertebrates are chordate animals that possess a backbone or spinal column. All animals from the kingdom Animalia
such as elephants, are vertebrates. The kingdom Animalia comes from the domain Eukarya, and the phylum Chordata is
divided into six main classes: Mammals, Bony Fish, Cartilaginous Fish, Amphibians, Birds, and Reptiles. Elephants are
in the order Proboscidea because they possess of a proboscis. A proboscis is a long nose of a mammal. The word
Proboscidean comes from the greek root and literally ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The function of this anatomical structure has evolved over time and elephant's have learned to do more and more with
their trunks as the years go on. Elephants have adapted in many ways to live in various habitats such as: open savannas,
tropical and subtropical regions, grasslands, and desert regions (IFAW). The structure of the trunk is long, ridged, and
contains small sensory hairs. The trunk functions as a nose and an organ that helps control objects in their specific
environment (Haynes 1991). The main purpose of the elephants trunk is to help with the process of eating and drinking
water. Not only do they use it for feeding and drinking water, but the trunk is used for: lifting, bathing, smelling,
snorkeling and communication. (Coupe 2004). The trunk of an elephant is about six feet long, one foot wide, and has
more than 150,000 muscle bands. Elephants are born oblivious of how to use their trunks, but once they learn they start
picking up objects either to the left or right. Since elephants evolved and now have a much smaller neck, their trunk is
much longer and it helps in the process of feeding. About 80% of an elephant's day is spent eating plants, branches, fruit,
and tree bark. The tusks and trunk help aid in the process of breaking down large plants and tree bark to make it easier for
the mouth. Elephants can stretch their trunks to reach objects 20 feet of the ground, which in fact has helped their feeding
process a great deal. In the

Animal Vs Asian Elephants
Asian elephants are a big mammal but let me tell you more about them and what makes them different from the other
elephants. Asian elephants live in Nepal, India and Southeast Asia scrub forests and rainforests. Asian elephants have
been around for over 55 million years elephants are very successful animals they found many different fossils and they
have said over 300 species have walked the earth over a long period. Elephants eat roots, grasses, fruit, and bark. An
adult elephant can consume up to 300 pounds of food in a single day. Elephants form deep family bonds and live in tight
matriarchal family groups of related females called a herd. When a calf is born, it is raised and protected by the whole
matriarchal herd. Female elephants live in a herd. Male elephants have very different social needs, males are driven out
of the family group as they approach sexual maturity, males spend as much as 95% of their lives alone. When it comes to
babies getting attacked by predators, the whole herd pitches in.
After five years of rearing the young elephants, the mother gives birth to a new infant weaning the now adolescent calf at
the same time. The subspecies of the elephants are African and Asian. In Africa there is two different species the African
bush elephant, and the African forest elephant. In Asia they just have the Asian elephant. In the early times of 2000 b.c.
elephants because of the size they were they helped building. Many experts believe that the mammoth which is

What Was The Cultural Importance Of Asian Elephants
The cultural event I chose was the cultural importance of elephants to the east. Recently Busch Gardens have had an
Asian elephant assimilated in. Elephants through history in the east held much importance when it came to warfare,
nobility, culture, and way of life. The Elephant was a symbol of power and authority for many powerful empires such as
the Mughal Empire or Vijayanagar Empire. Elephants hold very important roles throughout history in Asia and India.
Asian elephants have been integral to the history of Asia and India, proving to be useful in many things such as warfare
and construction. Asian Elephants are huge mammals that can weigh up to 6 tons, shoulder height of 10 feet, and 21 feet
from head to tail. Their size and strength are very useful in hauling things such as logs and are a military might unrivaled
for thousands of years. They can live up to 60 years but the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Seeing Akbar, the grandson of Babur the founder of the Mughal Empire showing his elasticity and strength to come into
a power during disarray and being able to take control through the symbolism of controlling a raging elephant. The
elephant commonly used as a show of power and authority in Indian culture, showing his people that he can control a
raging elephant is one of the best ways to show great ability to rule. Asian Elephants are huge mammals that can weigh
up to 7 tons, shoulder height of 11 feet, and 24 feet from head to tail. The elephant stands a monster and for one man to
be able to control one that is panicking is truly a show of control and authority. Another important depiction is the
constant use of elephants in religion, such as the Descent of the Ganges relief in Mahabalipuram, India. According to
UCLA, the Relief is thought to be about the Kurukshetra war in the Indian epic Mahabharata. The elephants play a key
role in battle and take up a large section of the relief to show their grandeur and power among

African Elephant Population Research Paper
1. Cultural and religious practices have had a significant impact on the decline of the African elephant population from
the 1800's until today due to large demand for the production of cultural, religious, and decorative pieces made from the
ivory tusks.1 These pieces symbolizes past forefathers. 1 The impact the United States had on the decline of the elephant
population was mainly back in the early 1900's when ivory was used in the production of many everyday goods, however
in present day and over the last few decades the ivory is no longer sold on the primary market in the United States due to
the ban of ivory in most countries around the globe.1 In present day, China is the leader in the ivory industry where the
selling of ivory is actually ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Malayan tapir is a species that is now endangered.5 This particular species can be found in areas near South East
Asia.5 Their endangerment in the present day is due to loss of habitat and being the subject of hunting, both of which
have led to some decline in population.5 The green turtle is a species of turtle that is also listed as endangered.5 This
species of turtle lives in a wide range of ocean water, however tropical waters is their most popular destination.5 This
particular turtle species is endangered due to the demand for consumption, fishing and the reduction of habitat.5 The red
wolf is a species that is listed as critically endangered and one that roams our homeland.5 Over three decades ago, the red
wolf population was considered to be eliminated from the wild, however they have miraculously made a comeback.5
They still are considered to be critically endangered due to hunting, protective killings and the reduction of habitat.5
They have shown improvement in their population numbers since once thought to be extinct. Hopefully their number will
continue to move in the positive direction.5 The pygmy hippopotamus is yet another species that is also endangered.5
The hippopotamus can be found in the Western side of Africa near the equator.5 The endangerment of this species is due
to the reduction of habitat which in turn is leading to deadly encounters with humans.5 Extinction could very well be a
possibility in the future if trends continue like they have

Cultural Significance And Science Of Asian Elephants
Dylan Stein
INQ 120–L1
Dr. Marwood Larson– Harris
February 11, 2016
The Cultural Significance and Science of Asian Elephants Although there is a wide array of animal species that live in
Asia, the Elephant is one of the most prized and sought after animal species in the continent because of its large impact
on culture and society. Elephants are one of the smartest animals on the entire planet and they have a very big cultural
significance also. They are very friendly with humans as well, which makes them an even more likeable animal. Their
cultural significance goes back to the Buddhist days and has carried on all the way to today. Elephants are becoming an
extinct animal and are an endangered species as pronounced by the IUCN. Asian elephants are herbivores and are
considered the biggest land animals in all of Asia. The average life span of an Asian elephant is 60 years and they have
trunks that contain 60,000 muscles, which is why they use it for so many things. Most Asian elephants have tusks, which
they can use to debark trees and help protect them from various other things such as predators. The skin color of
elephants is usually gray and is smoother then the skin of an African elephant.
Asian Elephants have been proven to be one of the smartest animals on the planet. There are various things that have
been video recorded and scientifically tested to prove that animals can do human like things. Some of the things that
elephants are capable of doing are identifying

African Americans Should Be Banned Essay
Although the CITES banned the poaching of Asian and African elephants and international trade in the mid 1980's, many
organizations have been posting anti–ivory trade promotion on their website (Stiles, 309). Websites such as International
Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW), Born Free Foundation, Care for the Wild International, and the Humane Society of the
United States (HSUS) (Stiles, 309). Many of the southern countries of Africa do not agree with the African elephant ban
(Stiles, 309). They've been against the ban since around the mid–1980's (Stiles, 309). People from the southern countries
of Africa have been arguing because they don't believe they should be penalized because other countries don't know how
to handle their wildlife (Stiles, 309). The CITES Conference of Parties voted in favor of Botswana, Namibia and
Zimbabwe to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They also noticed that out of the 149 elephant sample they had, two of those elephants were killed for the mean while the
other 149 were killed for the ivory (Jachmann & Billiouw, 235). This making a big concerned. Out of all those 149
elephants being poached, only two being used for a living is impressive. The rest were just killed for only two little
things, that have a value but yet is not worth the killing of a mammal.
Poaching has been increasing for many years. The number of poaching cases throughout the decades have been
increasing. In the 1970's and 1980's, the ivory demand grew drastically making poaching for ivory increase throughout
these years (Stiles, 309). CITES recommended to use a system called Monitoring the Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE)
in which helped monitor the illegal killing of elephants (Stiles, 312). Also, to try and qualify the number of those
elephants killed by poachers (Scriber). The system has been working well that now monitors between 30 and 40 percent
of the elephant population

Elephant Behavior
Asian elephants are large and gray. They inhabit tropical forests. They can camouflage their gray color in shady areas to
conceal themselves against predators. These elephants have long trunks, allowing them to reach the ground, squirt water
over their backs or into their mouths, and blow dirt onto their backs during dust baths. Male elephants often have visible
tusks whereas females, such as those in northeast India, do not. Surprisingly, elephants have large padded feet that enable
them to walk with minimal noise. Large, flappable ears help them cool off. however, they will overheat if they cannot get
to a shaded area during the hottest part of the day.
Scientists are able to study elephant behavior using their trails. This includes female interactions, cow and calf
relationships, bull ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The majority of the species take a part in activities such as complex communication, teaching, greeting ceremonies,
courtship, and communal care. Females often have very close relationships with other females. The majority of them stay
together their entire lives and care for each other. Asian elephants have also been known to stay behind with a sick or
injured herd mate. This is a trait many humans admire and strive to resemble.
Lack of mating and deforestation have caused a major decline of these beautiful creatures. In 1900, an estimated 100,000
Asian elephants existed. Now, over half of the population has been lost. Scientists predict they will become extinct by
2025. That is less than ten years away.
Before industrialization, Asian elephants roamed most of Asia. Due to deforestation and the loss of their supplies for
human use, only 15% of that space is still available to them. Elephants from different regions are restricted to different
areas. For example, the Indian elephant has a larger amount of land to roam than the Sri Lankan. Sumatran elephants
have lost 70% of their habitat due to human

Povinelli's Mirror Self-Recognition Of Asian Elephants
Gordon Gallup Jr. was the first to hypothesize a connection between mirror self–recognition and empathy by studying
evidence of great apes comforting each other. Elephants are highly empathetic as they support and care for one another in
their herds. They can see when something is wrong with a fellow elephant and try to help. This makes them a perfect
candidate for the mirror self–recognition test. Povinelli saw this and conducted an experiment in 1989 using elephants.
Years late in 2006 Plotnik conducted a similar experiment and recognized errors made in Povinelli's with the size and
placement of the mirror and health of the elephants used, both ran into the problem of the elephants seeing the marks as
inconsequential.
Daniel Povinelli tested two Asian elephants in 1989 and Plotnik in 2006 tested three Asian elephants. In both
experiments, they used female Asian elephants, they did not use female African elephants because they touch their heads
several time a day due to secretion of their temporal gland. Female Asian Elephants' temporal gland is non–secretory
(Plotnik, de Waal, and Reiss). The results would be confusing because Povinelli ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Plotnik built off of Povinelli's mirror self recognition test using Asian elephants by righting some of Povinelli's errors.
Plotnik used a bigger mirror and placed it closer so the elephants could touch it and maneuver around it to understand the
concept that the elephant staring back is themselves and not a new elephant. He also used elephants with good health that
could fully participate in the experiment unlike Povinelli who used Winky who has limited vision in her right eye and
Wanda who has limited trunk movement. A problem both ran into was the elephants ignoring the mark because they are
used to having debris on them from grooming, only Happy passed the mark

People For The Ethical Treatment Of Animals Research Paper
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) is an organization who fights against animal cruelty. It informs
people about the issues with animals. It also compares animal cruelty to drastic events such as slavery, the Holocaust,
World War II, etc. It has a history of proving what is humane. The website excerpt titled "Circuses: Three Rings of
Abuse" from the website peta.org is effective for its audience of animal rights people, people who go to the circus or
support them and others who are concerned about the circus for the following reasons: usage of rhetorical and stylistic
techniques, the use of pathos and getting information from former circus employees. However, it is unreasonable for the
following reasons: it was unfair with involving ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The information shows how the circuses are operated behind the scenes: "According to congressional testimony given by
former Beatty–Cole elephant keeper Tom Rider, "[I]n White Plains, N.Y., when Pete did not perform her act properly, she
was taken to the tent and laid down, and five trainers beat her with bullhooks." It shows how the circus treated the
elephant if the elephant does not follow orders. Most circuses have elephants because they are the common animals in the
circus which brings PETA to interview a former elephant keeper. Another former circus employee PETA interviews is
Archele Hundley. She worked with Ringling Bros. as an animal trainer and quit after claiming to know what the animals
go through with trainers. Hundley said, "Ringling Bros. 'believes that if they can keep these animals afraid, they can keep
them submissive.'" The circus harms the animals to help itself. Providing information from former employees gives
credibility to PETA to tell the audience that the circus abused its animals.
PETA is effective in many ways, although it's unreasonable by being unfair with involving an undercover investigation.
In being unfair, "Video footage shot during a PETA undercover investigation of Carson & Barnes Circus showed Carson
& Barnes' animal–care director, Tim Frisco, as he viciously attacked, yelled and cursed at, and shocked endangered Asian
elephants." Conducting an undercover investigation shows that the organization approach is unethical. PETA is all about
being ethical, yet when it comes down to researching and data it fails at reaching its

The Effects Of Climate On Elephants
The climate is still very hot, it's 1,002,016. The season of summer has now just started. It is also the 10,021st century.
The African bush elephant fans itself with its giant ears to regulate its body temperature. He circulates the air around his
head and torso by moving his ears back and forth. The ancestors of the twenty first century have smaller ears and some
had ears that were a bit bigger. As the years past more and more elephants with bigger ears were more common, but as
more like thousands of years the climate started boiling of how much heat there was. This made the elephants with the
smaller ears not be able to cool down as fast as the big eared elephants, as a result of this the elephants with the small
ears slowly died off.

Asian Elephant
1. Title: Asian Elephant–Elephas Maximus 2. Purpose: To learn how and why the Asian Elephant got on the endangered
species list. Elephants are one of the largest land mammals in the world and they have been targets to man and other
animals. 3. Background: My overall background the Asian Elephant is very limited. I know that they come from Asian
and many were hunter for their tusks. You can find a few Asian Elephants at the local zoos and there is always
controversy on elephants and the circus. There have laws put in place to make it illegal to hunt elephants for their skin
and their tusks but I don't know how strict that law. I know some hunters who have a license to hunt in Asian and he has
trophies of lions, zebras, hippos and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By doing this the AREAS is not only protecting the rhinos and elephants but also the creatures and the ecosystem that
depends on these keystone species to survive. Figure 2 shows both the Asian Rhino and the Asian Elephant on protected
land. (8) A lot of recovery programs are aimed find a solution to the problem but there is a group called Golden Triangle
Asian Elephant foundation (GTAEF) that puts its efforts towards rescuing the elephants that seemed abandon or lost off
the streets of Thailand. Even though there are a few recovery plans in plans and they all have made a small impact yet
none are really making the difference that is needed for this species to survive. [pic] Figure 2: An Asian Rhino and Asian
Elephant on a protected land. Elephants in general are considered to be a keystone species. They have a huge impact on
the ecosystem that they live in. According to Bagheera website, even the droppings that elephants leave behind are
important ecosystem to survive. Elephants are very strong and they can take out several trees with their trunks, dig
waterholes, and make trails in the forest. Many animals depend on the elephants for survival. Without these magnificent
creatures many countries would suffer and the effect would be catastrophic worldwide. An example of how other species
benefit would be the waterholes the elephants dig. In many cases that water hole is the only water source for those

Elephant Research Paper
Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Three species are currently
recognized. These three species are the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. All
elephants have the same distinctive features which are long trunks, sharp tusks, large ear flaps, and pillar–like legs, but
most people don't notice the differences between them. Although the Asian and African elephants are very similar, they
have very distinctive differences.
There are several distinguishable differences between these two species. African elephants are the largest land mammals
on Earth, weighing up to eight tons. They are distinguished by their massive body, large ears, and long trunk with many
uses

Elephant Abuse
The abiotic factors that have been considered for the elephant enclosure are the size of the paddocks, shade and shelters
in the paddocks, potential areas for sleeping, and safe entrances for the elephant keepers.
In this enclosure, altogether there will be three female elephants and two male elephants. There will be two paddocks,
and each gender will have their own designated paddock, however all elephants are free to roam around.
(http://www.elephants.com/females.php) Within each paddock will be one large swimming pool. These will be used for
drinking out of, and swimming in. Elephants drink up to 40 gallons of water per day, so there will need to be roughly 200
gallons minimum of drinking water available each day. In addition, there will be one indoor barn situated between both
paddocks for all elephants to freely occupy. In line with the Association of Zoo and Aquarium (AZA) Standards for
Elephant Management and Care, the indoor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is because all elephants need plenty of space to roam around. They are made for inhabiting very large spaces. They
spend 80% of their day walking around and foraging for food. Therefore, a built enclosure must be suitably large to tend
to these needs. (http://www.elephantsincanada.com/animal–welfare) In addition, elephants enjoy swimming and playing
with mud. Because of this, the enclosure will require mud wallows, and deep water moats. They will also need shade
structures,
Elephants sleep lying down. Researchers at San Diego Zoo's Institute for Conservation Research tracked elephants using
a GPS at night. They found that elephants had preferred sleeping places, for example, an indoor barn or a dry water hole.
(http://blogs.sandiegozoo.org/2009/06/17/sleeping–giants/) Wherever it may be, there is no specific requirement for
where Asian elephants must sleep, but I would take this into account when constructing my enclosure, and provide a
number of potential sleeping

Outline On Elephant Research Paper
Everything Elephant Thesis: (Nature is the driving force of the world, with a part of this the animal kingdom; in
particular; the elephant a majestic gentle giant with intellect, emotions, and so many amazing things that people should
know.)( Elephants are beautiful, intelligent, and important animals that have so many fun things to learn about.)
Topic Sentence 1: Elephants are some of the most intellectually advanced animals to walk the the earth.
Supporting Reason 1: Elephants are some of the most intelligent animals on the planet.
Textual Evidence: "While the behavior of elephants of elephants provides clear evidence of high intelligence, there has
been little definitive experimental evidence. However, one capacity that has been of interest ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They are much smaller in size and their ears are straight at the bottom, unlike the large fan–shape ears of the African
species. Only some Asian male elephants have tusks. All African elephants, including females, have tusks. Elephants are
either left or right–tusked and the one they use more is usually smaller because of wear and tear. The Asian elephant has
four toes on the hind foot and five on the forefoot, while the African elephant has three on the hind foot and five on the
forefoot."
Explanation and Analysis: There really are a lot of characteristics overlooked when talking about Elephants as a whole
species.
B. Supporting Sentence 2: Elephants are actually very social and tend to travel more in herds and groups rather than on
their own, and are even very friendly and social with humans, when they have been around them for long enough.
Textual Evidence: "Social Beasts: The elephant's massive stature and instantly recognizable trunk are familiar to people
around the world. Elephant society is matriarchal; the groups are highly social and ruled by an older, dominant

Endangered Elephant Essay
Asian elephants are an endangered animal. Their population is decreasing very quickly. In 2000, there were more than
100,000 elephants left, but now, in 2017, there are only 35,000 to 40,000 left. Some of the problems Asian elephants face
is habitat loss, ivory poaching and the kidnapping of young elephants. Luckily, there are many ways you can help to stop
them from going extinct, including donating to places like the Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage, encouraging selective
logging, shutting down ivory markets, donating and shunning places that advertise the chance to see a baby elephant.
The main problem causing Asian elephants to be endangered is habitat loss. People have been cutting down the tropical
forests where the elephants used to live and are building houses in the valleys and plains. In fact, about 20% of all
humans live close to the current habitat of the Asian elephant. The elephants move to the hills and the remains of the
forests, but even then they are still at risk. Because the elephants are forced into smaller areas, inbreeding may occur. The
elephants are unable to mix with other herds, which causes their genetic material to be too closely related to that of other
elephants in their herd. The migrations of the elephants have also been disrupted by habitat loss. Dams, coffee and tea
plantations, railway lines, and roads break up the routes the elephants once used on their seasonal migration. Selective
logging is one solution to habitat loss. Selective logging

Asian Elephants: Elephas Maximus
I did research on the Asian Elephants which is also known as Elephas Maximus which is the scientific name. These
animals are now known as an endangered species. This means a species of plants or animals that is seriously at risk of
extinction. Today I will explain many different things about the elephants including their description, habitat, diet, the
threats and causes of endangerment, and last but not least their status today.
An Asian Elephant is six and a half feet tall, twenty–one feet long, and weighs around eleven thousand pounds. Although
Asian Elephants look and sound to be big they are not as big as the African Elephant their skin is also a lot smoother than
African Elephants. Their color range from a dark grey color to brown, with pink patches on their forehead, ears, base of
the trunk, and their chest. These elephants can live up to fifty to seventy years in the wild, but ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The habitat ranges from moist, evergreen lowland forests to dry semi–deciduous teak forest to cooler mountain forest up
to ten thousand feet. They can also be found in India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar (Burma), Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia,
Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh, and southern China. Their varied diet allows them to live in disturbed
forests as long as they have plenty of space to move around and make use of the different foods without coming in
contact with humans.
These elephants have a skillful trunk and large molars which allow them to gather and process a wide variety of
vegetation, including grasses and herbs, leaves, fruit, farm crops, and bark. Elephants need to eat an average of one
hundred and fifty kg per day to survive. They also need to drink water at least once or twice a day which is why they are
always near a source of fresh water. Elephants use their tusks to pull bark off of a tree or to dig up roots out of the ground
and then they pick up their food with their

Essay on Elephants Should be Protected
The official title of the world's largest land dwelling animal belongs to the elephant, more specifically, the African
elephant. Elephants are some of the most deadly animals, which increases the danger of human and elephant interactions.
Increased human and elephant interactions lead to increased deaths of both humans and elephants. Surprisingly, these
animals are socially apt. The trunk is used for more than just eating and drinking; it is used for socializing. They are
complex animals who live in large familial herds. Females stay with their family throughout their entire lives while males
only stay for approximately fifteen years (Elephant Protection 1). Elephants possess a great memory and only forget what
they learn occasionally and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Elephant populations suffered a drop in numbers that carried the species into the endangered animals list. At the
beginning of the twentieth century, about ten million elephants lived in Africa. Presently, the ten million is reduced to
half a million because of illegal hunting and habitat loss. Studies of the population show twenty–two thousand were
killed in 2012 and twenty–five thousand in 2011. When comparing the death rate to the natural population growth, there
is a possibility the largest mammal on Earth could be extinct soon (Vaughan 1). Because the elephant is the largest animal
to walk on land, the greatly increasing human population affects the elephant population first. They live in some regions
of the world that have the densest human population which continues to grow, which therefore continuously decreases
their own population (Bryner 1). As the human population swiftly increases, the elephant population in turn, decreases.
This is so because they cannot cohabitate the same living space. Elephants and humans cannot cohabitate because they
would kill each other due to the inability to communicate. About population recovery, the Animal wildlife foundation
states, "Populations of elephants– especially in Southern and Eastern Africa– that once showed promising signs of
recovery could be at risk due to the recent surge in poaching for the illegal ivory trade"(1). Poaching presents one of the
main issues that make recovery so difficult for these animals.

The Sumatran Elephant : A Pachyderm 's Plight
The Sumatran Elephant: A Pachyderm's Plight
Marina Dauer
AP Environmental Science
Mrs. Bukis/ Mrs. Warner
26 June 2015
The Sumatran elephant is a critically endangered animal whose continued existence is being threatened due to conflict
with humans. The Sumatran elephant's scientific name is Elephas Maximus Sumatranus, and it is a subspecies of the
Asian Elephant. The Sumatran elephant is in the kingdom Animalia, the phylum Chordata, the class Mammalia, the order
Proboscidea, the family Elephantidae, the genus Elephas, and the species Elephas Maximus.
At 6,500 to 11,000 pounds, the Sumatran elephant is a truly massive creature. Even young elephants can weigh up to 1
ton (2,000 pounds). The females, called cows, are smaller than the males. Sumatran elephants stand 5–9 feet at the
shoulder, and can be up to 20 feet in length. The average lifespan is 55–70 years. In contrast to the African elephant, the
Sumatran elephant has smaller ears and a more curved spine. However, its ears are still large and provide it with excellent
hearing (better than a human's). The Sumatran elephant's skin is leathery and grey–brown; it has lighter coloring than the
Indian or Sri Lankan elephants and also has fewer areas of depigmentation. All Sumatran Elephants have large trunks,
which they use to drink, smell, and collect food, as well as many other things. Their trunk has over 40,000 muscles and is
their most flexible body part. Male Sumatran elephants also have tusks, which are

Leadership Of Elephants : The Adaptive Value Of Age
From the above discussion, it can be seen that not only that the elder matriarchal leaders are vital to maintaining the
equilibrium state inside the herd, they too play an enormous role in determining the way in which the group will react to
the outside influences, and that function also contributes to the degree in which the group is dependent on these old ladies
. One of the most direct way that this influence can be recognized is in the ability to survive from dangerous predators. In
" Leadership in elephants: the adaptive value of age" and "Matriarchs As Repositories of Social Knowledge in African
Elephants", conducted by Karen McComb and two different teams, an experiment is carried out, in which the different
elephant families are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since at more stable elephant herds, the most likely sole source of violence they have to worry about is the one from their
natural predators, and the presence of the older female matriarch is the key the safety of the whole herd from external
violence, these ladies can be considered as the peacekeepers of elephant society. However, there is more to the effect that
female leaders have on the violent status of the group that keeps it far away from being always nice and kind. In elephant
society as well as that of spider and other animals, in accordance to "Animal Behaviour" by a group of authors including
Andreas P. Modlmeier, "the presence of a few mature females drastically increased a groups ' foraging aggressiveness"
(9). The appearance of the mature matriarch rapidly increases the number of members of the group who participate in
hunting and also their confidence, which results in more aggressive attitude and more bloody hunts. From this
phenomenon, the older female leaders are considered to be the "keystone individuals". The term is defined as individuals
who " influence group dynamics and success in a diverse variety of animal societies" (Modlmeier et al. 9). More
interestingly, in "Leadership in elephants: the adaptive value of age", the presence of the mature elephant matriarchs also
increases the chance of "[approaching] to harass predators" (3271) or in other words, mobbing the lions who were
initially

The Observation Of Elephants
What species performs burials, has the ability to cry, and form many complex relationships throughout their lives?
Elephants. Since many individuals might have guessed humans or primates first, this one question shows the complexity
of this species. Transition This paper tries to answer one main question: How does elephant behavior, both in captive and
wild settings, provide data that can lead to evidence–based practices for building captive enclosures, daily activities, and
help with conservation practices, both in captivity and in the wild. For this discussion, I am going to focus on the family,
Elephantidae, as a whole. Though some might argue that the genus' Loxodonta (African) and Maximus (Asian) should be
analyzed separately, I find the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is hard to create and provide hard evidence to support this ideal when there is not a linguistic way to communicate
between humans and other species. For the purposes of this discussion I will use Breed and Moore's definition:
"Cognition is the ability of an animal to separate itself from the moment in which it is living and to contemplate the past,
predict the future, and act accordingly" (2016). Cognition experiments on elephants did not begin until the late 1950's,
starting with Rensch's study on memory. Since than scientist's have tested/ studied problem solving, rituals, emotions,
deception, casual reasoning, tool making, and tool use within elephants with many having positive results (Plotnik et al.,
2010). One aspect of cognition that has been tested in many primates in the recent years is the mirror self–recognition
test; this is considered the basic level of cognition. Plotnik and colleagues completed this test with three female elephants
at the Bronx Zoo (2010). This test involves three stages, where each shows a level of recognition. Though none of the
elephants passed the mark part of the test, they showed many other characteristics that indicated self–recognition (that
was in other species like chimpanzees and bottle nose dolphins). However, the discrepancy could be due to the way
elephants identify one another: through touch, sounds, and smell, which a mirror cannot replicate (Plotnik et

Endangerment of African Elephants
The official title of the world's largest land dwelling animal belongs to the elephant, more specifically, the African
elephant. Elephants also are some of the most deadly animals, which therefore increase the danger of human and elephant
interactions. The more human interactions occur, the more deaths result, whether it is the elephant or the human who
dies. These animals, surprisingly, are socially apt; their trunk is used for more than just eating and drinking– it is used for
socializing. They are complex animals who live in large familial herds–females stay with their family throughout their
entire lives while males only stay for approximately fifteen years (Elephant Protection, 1). Elephants possess a great
memory and only forget what they learn occasionally and rarely, giving way to the "an elephant never forgets" saying
(Maloiy, 178c). Despite how many people use the beloved saying, elephants may not be around much longer due to the
shortened life span and increased mortality rates. Due to their incisor teeth, tusks, being extremely expensive and
profitable, they are being murdered for the wealth they carry. This, coupled with the life span shortening because of
malicious treatments and brutal practices reduces the life span of the African elephant from 56 to 16 years and the Asian
elephant from 42 to 19 years (Elephant Protection, 1). According to what the statistics show, elephants may be following
their ancestors to their death. Of the group of mammals called

Bush Elephant Research Paper
The African Bush elephants are found in eastern and southern Africa. Some of the areas with the highest densities of the
Bush elephant is: Tanzania, South African, Kenya, Botswana, Zimbabwe and Zambia. The African Bush elephant is
terrestrial. The Bush elephant usually live in the grasslands, semi–deserts and the bush lands. They also clear out forest
and turn them into more of grassland, by knocking down the trees. The climate that the Bush elephant normally lives in is
dry and hot. Their thin hairs and ears help them stay cool. Another way that they stay cool is that their hides become
more permeable in the heat. Scientists has performed research on 13 elephants (African and Asian), they measure the
release of heat and moisture. What they have found was that their skin opens up at air temperatures as low at 10°C to
12°C, this is what allows them to perspire. Elephants are different than most mammals, that sweats through glands
connected to pores, elephants only have pores between their toes. Elephants do not sweat (Phillips, 1992). By all of the
skin being permeable they lose more ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Bush elephant has to make annual migrations to find suitable conditions, these migrations can be up to several
hundred kilometers. The Bush elephants usually migrate from a permeant water source at the beginning of the rainy
season, then return during the dry season (once what water holes begins to dry up). When the water is scarce the
elephants will dig holes in water beds using their trucks, feet and tusks. Once enough water emerges to use their trunk to
suck up the water. They usually prefer to be near water sources. The Bush elephant needs 200–300 kg of food a day and
160 liters of fresh water a day. They are herbivorous. The diet of the Bush elephant consist of: roots, bark, twigs, shrubs,
roots, herbs, grass, tree foliage and some

Cattle Giants Research Paper
The Gentle Giants
Though there are many different types of elephant across the world, they are most commonly classified as either African
or Asian elephants then from there are broken down into different genuses. Growing ten to twelve feet in height and
weighing up to eleven tons, the biggest of all the elephants and the largest land–mammal is my personal favorite, the
African bush elephant. These massive animals are found walking the plains and grasslands in southern and central Africa,
always on the move searching for food and watering holes. Surprising as it may be, these giants are herbivores and with
the less protein intake, these mammals must eat three–hundred pounds of vegetation, or more if pregnant, each day to be
able to maintain their bodies. The gestation period for these mammals is twenty–two to twenty–four months and after
birth the baby will stay with it's mother and her herd for six years, nursing for the first two of those years. After six years
the baby then is beginning to grow their tusks showing they're nearing adulthood and will either join the herd, if a female,
or go off on his own if a male. The young males after reaching the age of ten will then be considered sexually mature and
will then return to one of the herds if he hears the powerful–low ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sadly those aren't the only dangers that elephants suffer from, this breed of elephant almost went extinct due to poachers
and forced the government to place a world–wide hunting ban on them in 1989. Along with the massive tusks, the
elephant has a long extension of their nose called a trunk that they also use in self–defense. Because of it containing
forty–thousand muscles and tendons they also use their trunk to pick up food, suck up water, and also to preform a sort of
elephant sign

Relationship Between Wildlife And Wildlife
In areas of the world where economic development has been in delicate balance with protecting wildlife and natural
environments, conflict has arisen between humans and the wildlife. In Africa (bless the rains) and Asia habitat is being
replaced by small scale agricultural needs, and agribusiness (1) resulting in human–wildlife conflict; within India alone
as many as 1144 people were killed between April 2014 and May 2017 (2) according to their environment ministry. This
increased conflict between species has had detrimental impacts on conservation efforts, such as with the Asian elephant.
Elephants have seen incredible habitat loss due to human encroachment, now with about 20% of the world's human
population living in or near the present range of them (4). As a result of this the interactions between the two have
become tense. Cases have been documented of them "crop raiding" (3) and in parts of Sumatra it can be the most
significant source of park–people conflict. (3) As these crops can be a large part of local people's livelihoods, ensuring as
little wildlife ruins them as possible is essential. However a study conducted showed that elephants raided crops year
round at a rate of 0.53 a day in their study area, and (3) such regular interactions resulted in 24 deaths within the study
area over a 12 year period. With their loss of habitat comes a loss of food and resources, coupled with the fact that human
settlements will have a regular supply of food, it only makes sense

Male African And Asian Elephants Essay
than men (740). This suggests that women seek a large group of good friends while men are content with a small amount
of high quality friends. Simply put, women prefer to travel in herds. Much like what one can observe in wildlife, females
are found in large packs while males are either solo or in a small group. Dr. Kathleen Brown, a visiting assistant
professor of Claremont McKenna College, further clarifies this idea. Through a phone interview that I conducted with Dr.
Brown, she explained that her graduate research project focused on mammalian residential patterns and the psychological
reasoning behind it. Male African and Asian elephants, she asserts, stray from the herd at a juvenile age. From there, they
form a small and dynamic bachelor herd. This very behavior can be found amongst wild horse herds as well. While the
females travel in large bands, small stallion bachelor groups are formed in which the male horses reside. Dr. Brown
draws parallels among these animals with juvenile human men. She concludes that, at the onset of puberty, it is in the
mammalian essence for men to be less social creatures than women. Through Dr. Brown's research, one surmises that as
a mammalian male matures, he subconsciously limits the amount of friends with which he surrounds himself. Not only
are women more inclined to conjugate in groups, they are much more driven by the affirmation that friendships provide.
In Friendships and Adaptation Across the Life Span, Willard Hartup and Nan

Elephant and Rhino Comparison
The white rhinoceros and the Asian elephant possess many similar characteristics, including the way they look, yet also
possess many differences such as the two continents they live on. There are five living species of rhino (black, white,
Indian, Javan and Sumatran) and only two of the elephant (African and the Asian). All are in jeopardy of extinction with
their slow rate of breeding, poaching and in the rhinoceroses, their territorial behavior.
Both of these beasts belong to the same kingdom (Animalia), phylum (Chordata), sub–phylum (Vertebrata) and class
(Mammalia). Meaning they are both back–boned mammalian, animals. They both have hair and give birth to live young.
White rhinos (Ceratotherium simum), and Asian elephants (Elephas ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The wails of a courting male rhinoceros are called ¡¥hic–throbbing¡¦ or even the males¡¦ love–song. Scientists don¡¦t
know why but they believe it has something in common with the deep abdominal groans of the Asian elephant which can
be transmitted through the ground and felt by others.
In either species, if it is possible for the male to make body contact with the female he tries to lay his head or trunk in the
elephant, on her back. After lots of

Stand Against Ivory Trade
Citizens from around the world are taking a stand against the ivory trade: New York http://www.care2.com/causes/were–
crushing–one–ton–of–ivory–in–times–square–this–week.html
and Sri Lanka http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/01/160125–sri–lanka–elephants–buddhism–ivory–stockpile–
cites/ recently destroyed ivory and Hong Kong is working towards a domestic ivory trade ban.
http://www.care2.com/causes/great–news–as–hong–kong–finally–moves–to–ban–ivory–trade.html Elephants need our
help urgently. According to iWorry, http://iworry.org one elephant is killed every 15 minutes; at this rate, none will be left
in the wild in 2025. But new information shows that not everyone is on board to save our elephants. Between 2012 and
2014, 12 tons of elephant ivory were sold on Yahoo Japan.
Majestic Elephants Reduced to Letter Writing Personal Seals
As reported in The Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jan/26/yahoo–japan–sold–12–tons–
elephant–ivory–activists–claim for as little as $20 (and as much as $60,000) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By its inaction, Yahoo is an accomplice in these deaths and in funding and profiting from the illegal wildlife trade. While
it's obvious how the wildlife trade hurts animals, it also hurts people. According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF),
http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/species/problems/illegal_trade/wildlife_trade_campaign/wildlife_trafficking_report/
the $19 billion industry is the "fourth largest global illegal trade after narcotics, counterfeiting of products and currency,
and human trafficking." Given its low risk, the illegal trade is also a magnet for criminal activity and organizations, e.g.
Boko Haram, http://www.nationalgeographic.com/tracking–ivory/article.html While the trade stumps social and
economic development, it also threatens the environment and (national and international)

Elephants Can Len A Helping Trunk Rhetorical Analysis
The authors in " Elephants Can Lend a Helping Trunk", "Elephants Know When They Need a Helping Trunk In a
Cooperative Task", and "Elephants Console Each Other" all propose different purposes on one main general idea;
elephants are more complex in 'human behaviour' than previously believed . Along with purpose, the authors aim at
different viewpoints that all relatively agree with the same general acquisition, again, ' human behavior'. In Virginia
Morell's story, " Elephants Can Lend a Helping Trunk", the purpose Morell made was that elephants had a lot of qualities
of teamwork. Morell proved her theory by giving the results of her tests or "stages". The author went with even more
purpose by adding a photograph to backup the textual evidence

Animals And Dangers : The Danger Of Elephants In Danger
Jessica Lester
Mrs.Gallos
English 3
21 November 2017 Elephants in Danger Elephants are very interesting animals."Elephant numbers fell dramatically in
the 19th and 20th centuries" (Elephants). Due to poaching and ivory trade the elephant population had been dramatically
dwindling. Habitat loss is another major contributor to the decrease in these extraordinary animals. There are many
different things people can do to help slow their decline in population. Raising awareness about this problem could help
us save the elephants. "The elephant is the largest land mammal on Earth" (Elephant | Species | WWF). Elephants need a
lot of food, land, water and space to roam with their herd. The rainforests they call home are being cut down, causing
them to migrate closer to humans. This causes elephants to get into farmers crops, putting them at risk of being killed.
"Elephants use their trunks to dig for food, water and strip the bark off of trees" (African Elephant | National
Geographic). Only the male elephants use their tusks to battle each other. Elephants are very fond of water and "elephants
ears radiate heat to help keep these large animals cool, but sometimes the African heat is too much"(African Elephant |
National Geographic). The Asian elephant is very intelligent. "It is one of the only land mammals known to recognize
itself in the mirror" (Asian Elephant). Asian elephants are much smaller than African elephants and they have much
smaller ears and tusks. " They are also very social, forming groups of six to eight elephants which is lead by an older
female called a matriarch" (Asian Elephant). There are three subspecies, the Indian elephant, the Sumatran elephant and
the Sri Lankan elephant. Their tusks are worth a fortune on the black market. With male elephants having larger tusks
they are more at risk to being poached. Which is one of the main reasons they are becoming extinct. They are being
killed and people are collecting their tusks for money. The African elephant is bigger than the Asian elephant. They have
much larger tusks and much larger ears. "Poaching caused a decline of African elephants from 1.3 million to 600,000
individuals between 1979–1987" (Effects Of Poaching). There is a certain

Characteristics Of An Asian Elephant
Asian Elephant
The scientific name for the asian elephant is Elephas Maximus. The length of an Asian elephant is up to 5.5–6.5m, of an
adult this includes trunk, head and the body. Asian elephants can live up to 60 years in the wild bit up to 48 years in
captivity. Elephants are herbivores this means they only eat plants and vegetables. They spend sixteen hours a day eating
and consume about 300–600 pounds of food everyday and drink 40 – 50 gallons of water. Elephants only sleep for two
hours a day.Unlike African elephants, where both males and females have tusks, generally only Asian elephant males
have ivory tusks some females have small tisks called tushes.
Enclosure
The EU zoo directive and zoo licensing act 1981 state that zoos must:
"Accommodate their animals under conditions which aim to satisfy the biological and conservation requirements of the
species to which they belong"
The Asian elephant is found in the dense forests and grassy plains of India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and
Malaya.They form deep family bonds and herds are led by the oldest female in the family, she is called a Matriarch.
Herds have about 8–100 individual elephants depending on the land and size of the family. With all this in mind an
enclosure should meet certain size requirements making sure that the enclosure is suited to the elephant

Elephant Research Paper
Elephants
800,000 seems like a huge number until it becomes clear that it used to be several million ("Basic Facts About
Elephants"). Most would never guess that these numbers are those of the elephant population. Everyday the population
gets smaller and smaller, and humans are the reason why, but also the only way to get those numbers back up. The
elephant population has decreased immensely and could vanish if steps are not taken, humans are the only hope for
seizing the poaching, ivory trade, and habitat takeover.
The population consists of two main species of Elephant, the Asian and the African. The Asian elephant is divided into
three subspecies: the Indian, Sumatran, and the Sri Lankan ("Asian Elephant"). African elephants are split into ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A clothing company by the name of Ivory Ella donates 10% of their profits to save the elephants. They just want to bring
the globe together to save the animals that cannot save themselves. Ivory Ella creates shirts and other accessories with
elephants on them and sells them to acquire money for their cause. They have donated nearly one million dollars so far to
elephant organizations, and are still on the rise ("About Us"). With the help of loyal customers millions more could go
towards the cause. Ivory Ella followed shortly after another clothing company with similar intentions. In 2014 another
company by the name The Elephant Pants was created with similar ideas to Ivory Ella.The two founders of this company
were travelling and found themselves absolutely awestruck by the elephants they encountered, they finally understood
why people loved them so much, travelled so far to see them, and most importantly why they needed to help save them
so others could come to the same realization. So two men set out to create a company which would donate money to
elephant organizations, by selling comfortable pants online. "Since The Elephant Pants opened it's doors in 2014, it has
sold more than 400,000 pairs of pants and donated more than $127,000 to organizations looking to make the world a
safer place for elephants" ("Our Story"). Without donors like these, the population could drop and organizations would
have to close down due to

Speech On Endangered Elephants
Jessica Lester
Mrs.Gallos
English 3
8 November, 2017
Endangered Elephants " Elephant numbers fell dramatically in the 19th and 20th centuries" ( Elephants). Due to poaching
and ivory trade the Elephant population had been dramatically dwindling. Habitat loss is another major contributor to the
decrease in these extraordinary animals. There are many different things you can do to help slow their decline in
population. Raising awareness about this problem could help us save the Elephants. "The Elephant is the largest land
mammal on Earth" ("Elephant | Species | WWF."). As you can imagine, Elephants need a lot of food, land, water and
space to roam with their herd. The rainforests they call home are being cut down, causing them to migrate closer to
humans. This causes elephants to get into farmers crops, putting them at risk of being killed. "Elephants use their trunks
to dig for food, water and strip the bark off of trees" ("African Elephant | National Geographic." ). Only the male
elephants use their tusks to battle each other. Elephants are very fond of water and "Elephants ears radiate heat to help
keep these large animals cool, but sometimes the African heat is too much, "("African Elephant | National Geographic.").
The Asian elephant is very intelligent. "It is one of the only land mammals known to recognize itself in the mirror"
("Asian Elephant." ). Asian elephants are much smaller than African elephants. They have much smaller ears and tusks. "
They are also

The Ivory Trade and the Slaughter of Elephants
The Ivory Trade and the Slaughter of Elephants
It is hard to equate an austere piano recital with the murder of hundreds of thousands of wild animals. For that matter, it
is equally as difficult to relate that horrific scene with my grandmother's antique hairpins, but the fact of the matter is that
the creamy ivory that is so cherished as a sign of wealth, culture, and tradition is really the result of the work of poachers.
How can those delicate hairpins be the topic of international debate and black market trade? The answer is rooted in the
history of one of the world's oldest markets: the ivory trade.
Ivory is a form of dentin, the same material that is in human teeth. Since the time of the sixth dynasty of ancient Egypt,
ivory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Between the years of 1979 and 1989 the African elephant population had declined from 1.3 million to 625,000, and the
price had doubled per kilogram (Nave 1). The ban shut down all legal trade of the commodity, but black markets in ivory
began to flourish. According to Kreuter, "poaching has increased in at least five of the nine countries studied by the
African Elephant Specialist Group in 1994." In a few countries, such as Zimbabwe, Zambia, and South Africa, programs
have been put in place to give people incentives to maintain the elephant population (Kreuter 1). These incentives have
placed a value on live elephants for the Africans who have therefore helped to maintain the numbers of these endangered
creatures.
The above–mentioned programs are only in place in a few African countries. In many others, the ban is an often side
stepped nuisance in the illegal trade of ivory. Over the past several years, the illegal ivory of over one thousand African
and thirty nine Asian elephants has been recovered en route to Japan alone. The ivory of over three thousand elephants
has been recovered worldwide (Kioko 1). In 1997, in an attempt to stop the illegal trade, MIKE (Monitoring of Illegal
Killing of Elephants) and ETIS (Elephant Trade Information System) have been organized. There efforts, although well
planned and well funded are still ineffective (Kioko 2). With continued funding and support, the hope is that these
organizations well be able to greatly reduce the

African Elephant Research Paper
African Elephants
African elephant also known as (savanna elephant) are the largest mammals on earth. They are slightly larger than their
Asian cousins and can be identified by their very large ears. The male and female both have tusks that they use to dig for
food. Female elephants (cows) live in family herds with their young ones, but adult males (bulls) tend to roam on their
own. Also they usually are ten to fifth teen elephants in one group. The genus name if the African elephant is
Elephantidae. The African Elephants resembles a gray, strong rock. The average elephants weights up to 10,000 pounds
and can get to 12 feet tall. They also have enlarged incisor teeth made of ivory. Elephants have four very strong legs with
thick, tough ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They walk at a very slow pace, allowing them to creep up on their prey for survival. Also their somewhat have a diet that
consist of leaves, shrubs, and branches. They consume 300 pounds every day and is third on the food cycle and second
on the trophic level. The habitat for the African Elephant is mostly grasslands and savannas. They usually live in the
tropical savanna. They find food in dense forests, open woodlands, and dry grassy areas. The elephant uses their long,
curved, and flexible trunks to reach high into trees to obtain their food.
The three main stages of their life span is similar to humans. The first stage is a baby, which hatches out of an egg, then
adolescent, and adulthood. Each stage last for some years then they grow up and get to the next stage. The behavior of
the male elephants is simple. He thinks he's the elephant in charge, and also they are solitary and complex.
The elephants uses its large tusks and big shape for defense. Also their feet are so big and heavy they could stomp their
prey or predators. The enemies of the intelligent animal are leopards, lions, and jaguars. These predators tend to bite the
elephant, but their skin is too thick for it to harm them. During the day they herd around their babies to protect them, and
at night they have no

Self-Recognition In An Asian Elephant

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Lorie Harris

More from Lorie Harris (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Self-Recognition In An Asian Elephant