This document discusses the introduction of coastal infrastructure and its impact on marine environments. It begins by defining intertidal zones and nearshore areas. It then notes that urban growth along coasts has led to many hard structures being added to protect shores from erosion. These artificial structures can affect the normal assemblages of plants and animals and may introduce exotic species. They also impact adjacent natural habitats and can contribute to regional homogenization of species. The document advocates for more research on urbanization's effects and exploring alternatives to hard structures that consider habitat needs while still providing coastal protection.